• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.625-636
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• 2011

본 연구는 여대생 248명을 대상으로 음식섭취빈도조사지에 의한 나트륨 섭취량과 골밀도와의 관련성을 규명하고자 하였다. 조사 대상자의 평균 연령은 정상군 20.15세, 골감소군 20.04세였으며, 두 군간 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 평균 신장과 체중은 정상군 161.14 cm, 54.99 kg, 골감소군은 161.02 cm, 52.20 kg으로 나타나, 골감소군에서 체중이 유의적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 평균 체질량지수와 체지방량은 정상군 20.90 kg/$m^2$, 26.09%, 골감소군은 20.08 kg/$m^2$, 24.27%으로 체질량지수와 체지방이 골감소군에서 유의적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 평균 종골의 골격 상태 측정 결과에서 BUA, SOS, QUI는 정상군 118.44 dB/MHz, SOS 1,578.12 m/s, QUI 124.59%, 골감소군은 99.24 dB/MHz, SOS 1534.50 m/s, QUI 98.83%로 골감소군이 유의적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 음식섭취빈도지에 의한 나트륨 섭취량(3,176.51 mg)은 식사 기록법에 의한 나트륨 섭취량(1,898.62 mg)과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 정상군 3,598.60 mg, 골감소군 3,748.25 mg으로 두 군간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 나트륨 섭취의 주요 급원식품으로 정상군은 배추김치(10.13%), 라면(5.05%), 된장찌개(3.27%), 김치찌개(3.23%), 멸치볶음(2.48%) 순으로나타났으며, 골감소군은 배추김치(12.78%), 라면(6.04%), 김치찌개(2.94%), 된장찌개(2.62%), 자반고등어(2.34%) 순으로 나트륨 섭취량이 많게 나타났다. 음식군별 나트륨 섭취에 기여하는 음식군별 결과를 살펴보면, 정상군은 김치류(16.91%), 면류 및 만두류(16.34%), 찌개 및 탕류(13.88%), 주반찬(육류, 난류, 콩류, 11.73%), 어패류(11.02%) 순으로 나타났으며, 골감소군은 김치류(20.51%), 면류 및 만두류(17.03%), 찌개 및 탕류(12.98%), 어패류(10.76%), 주반찬(육류, 난류, 콩류, 10.63%) 순으로 나타났다. 두 군 모두에서 김치류, 면류 및 만두류, 찌개 및 탕류, 주반찬(육류, 난류, 콩류), 어패류로부터 전체 나트륨 섭취의 70% 정도를 공급받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 조사대상자의 각 식품군의 나트륨 섭취량과 골밀도와의 상관 관계 분석결과, 면류 및 만두류(r=-0.0276, p=0.0426)와 나물 및 생채류(r=-0.0587, p=0.0015)와 골밀도간의 유의적인 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 각 식품군의 섭취빈도와 골밀도와의 상관관계 결과, 면류 및 만두류(r=-0.0344, p=0.0116), 찌개 및 탕류(r=-0.0376, p=0.0008), 김치류(r=-0.0421, p=0.0482), 어패류(r=-0.0160, p=0.0362), 나물 및 생채류(r=-0.0503, p= 0.0064), 양념류(r=-0.0407, p=0.0347) 등과 유의적인 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 나트륨 섭취 상태와 골밀도와의 관련성을 알아보기 위하여 나트륨 섭취량에 따라 4분 위수로 대상자를 나누어 비교한 결과, 정상군의 T-score는 Q1 군 0.90 g/$cm^2$, Q2군 1.03 g/$cm^2$, Q3군 0.91 g/$cm^2$, Q4군 0.98 g/$cm^2$으로 군간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고, 골감소군은 Q1군 -1.48 g/$cm^2$, Q2군 -1.61 g/$cm^2$, Q3군 -1.59 g/$cm^2$, Q4군 -1.71 g/$cm^2$으로 군간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 연구 결과에서 여대생의 주요 나트륨 급원 식품인 배추김치, 김치찌개, 된장찌개 이외의 라면, 멸치볶음, 스낵 과자의 식품으로부터 나트륨 섭취가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 나트륨 총 섭취량과 골밀도는 상관성이 없었고 나트륨 섭취 기여도가 높은 식품의 섭취빈도가 높은 경우 나트륨 섭취도 높았는데, 이는 골밀도에 따른 군간 나트륨 섭취가 유사하여 나트륨 섭취가 골밀도에 미치는 효과가 미약하게 나타나 것으로 보인다. 따라서 골밀도에 관련성이 있는 골대사 지표 및 다양한 측정 방법을 통한 골밀도와 나트륨 섭취수준과의 관련성 연구가 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.11-36
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyze health behavior by comparing the difference between self-perceived health status and health examination results. The study subjects consist of 7,702 people aged over 20, surveyed by Health Interview survey, Health Examination survey, Dietary Life survey, Health Consciousness and Behavior survey. Data used in the study are drawn from raw data from a 1998 National Health and Nutrition survey. General characteristics variables are sex, age, education level, residential area, marital status, occupation, and living standard while dichotomous variables, ‘not healthy’ and ‘healthy’ are used to measure self-perceived health status. Variables for health examination results are high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, liver diseases, liver inflammation, kidney diseases, normal weight, regular diet, optimum sleeping time(7-8 hours), regular health examination and health behavior practice group. Major findings of the study are as follows: 1) Analysis of self-perceived health status and health behavior by disease: Variables significantly correlated with high self-perceived health status have strong associations with high health behavior practice, which supports the hypothesis that as one has high self-perceived health status, one is more likely to practice health promoting behavior. The results of analysis of health behavior differences by dividing subjects into two categories, ‘cases of illness’ and ‘cases of no illness’ indicate that drinking, sleeping time, health examination are significant variables (p〈0.001, 0.05) whereas smoking, weight control, regular exercise, regular diet are not significant. 2) Analysis of disparity patterns between self-perceived health status and health examination: The hypothesis that health behaviors would be different according to the disparity pattern between self-perceived health status and health examination is supported as a result of χ2 test. Among Type I : Self-perceived health status is high and actual health status is good (no disease) Type II: Self-perceived health status is high and actual health status is poor(have disease) Type III: Self-perceived health status is low and actual health status is good(no disease) Type IN: Self-perceived health status is low and actual health status is poor(have disease) Type I and Type IV show no disparity, Type I shows the highest health promoting behavior whereas Type IV shows the lowest health promoting behavior. Type II, and III, compared to Type I, practise lower health promoting behavior. Multi-logistics regression analysis was conducted to find out the degree of impact on health behavior. Independent variables are general characteristics, self-perceived health status and health examination result and presence of illness, while the dependent variable is health promoting behavior. The analysis of the impact of self-perceived health status on the health promoting behavior shows that smoking, drinking, weight control, regular exercise, health examination practice, and/or regular diet are significantly correlated to self-perceived health status. High self-perceived health status is inversely related to high health promoting behavior. This finding supports the hypothesis that the higher one perceives one's health, the more likely one is to practice health promoting behavior. On the contrary, the presence of illness has little impact on health promoting behavior. 3) Multiple logistics analysis on how disparity patterns between self-perceived health status and health examination affect health behavior: The results of multiple logistics analysis made on health behavior variables compared to the standard variable are as follows: When analyzed on the standard of Type I, smoking is a significant risk factor for the Type IV. In case of drinking, all the patterns show a high probability of relative risk ratio. With regard to weight control, it is a risk factor for Type II while all the patterns show high probability of not practising when analyzed on the standard of type IV. Type III and IV show high probability of not doing regular exercise while Type IV, shows a high probability of not taking appropriate sleeping time. When analyzed on the standard of type IV, all the patterns show a high probability of not taking health examinations. Type III and IV show a high probability of not having regular meals. As for overall health promoting behavior, Type III and IV show a high relative risk ratio. These two groups have low self-perceived health status. It implies that self-perceived health status has significant impact on health promoting behavior. This is also supported by the fact that Type I with high self-perceived health status and no illness shows a high practice rate of health promoting behavior. Types II and III the groups with high disparity between self-perceived health status and health examination results, show a low practice rate of health promoting behavior when compared to Type I. Type IV, that is the group with low self-perceived health status and actual illness, shows the lowest practice of health promoting behavior. It is highly probable that this type proves to be the poorest health group.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.352-361
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• 1987

During the period of May 10 to June 6, 1987, we have conducted the survey about the number of the food daily taken and the intake of nutrition of the 83 pregnant women who have registered at Sudong Myun and Mikum-myun, Yangchu-gun which are demonstration area of the public health and medicine of the College of Medicine, Ewha Women's University, and of the 100 pregnant women who have been to the University Hospital attached to the above School. The result of the survery is as follows: 1) Among the above pregnant women, primigravida constituted 91 women and multigravida 92 women. As for the month of pregnancy, those who have been pregnant for ten months numbered 43 women (23.5%), which was the highest number. As for age, those who were 25 to 29 years old constituted 63.9% , which was the highest in percentage. 2) As for the level of education, those who graduated from high school constituted 49.2%, which was the highest in percentage. As for occuptation, those who were entirely in charge of household affairs as housewives were 89.6% , which comprised most of the jobs held by the above women. 3) As for the composition of a family in environmental food and nutrition, one generation was 68.3%, and two member family was 42.6% which was the highest. As for those taking rare of cooking and serving meals, housewives constituted 95.1%. 4) As for the economic situation of dietary life, those who were in the highest level (A level), were 47.0% in an urban area and 41.0% in a rural area, which were the highest in percentage. 5) The food which the above people selected after being pregnant was fruit not only in an urban area, but also in a rural area. And in terms of the percentage of fruit, an urban area and a rural area showed 44.0% and 54.2% respectively. As for milk, and urban area and a rural area showed 28.0% and 8.4% respecitively, which disclosed that the rate of a rural area was much lower than that of an urban area. 6) As for the number of food intake, 10-14 was 54.0% in an urban area, which was the highest. And 5-9 was 73.5% in a rural area, which was the highest. 7) As for the composition of food taken according to the number of food taken, meat showed the lowest rate in 5-9 group. (p<0.05) As the number of food taken increased, the rate of food taken (points) increased (2.4). Milk and milk products showed a low rate in 5-9 group and 15-19 group (p<0.05). Fruit intake showed a similar rate in all groups. As for vegetables, the rate of intake was high, as the number of food taken increased. Cereals showed a similar rate in all groups. Ans the points of intake was high. As for fat, the rate of intake was high, as the number of food taken increased. 8) In 5-9 group in the number of food intake, energy was 79.9% of RDA, protein was 64.9%, fat was 90.0%, carbohydrate was 81.6%, iron was 83.0%, calcium was 71.1%, vitamin A was 94.3%, vitamin $B_1$ was 77.8%, vitamin $B_2$ was 79.2%, and vitamin C was 88.2%, so that it showed the lowest sufficiency rate RDA. 15-19 group maintained the balance in energy and all nutrients nealy. In 20-24 group, fat was 142.4%, vitamin $B_2$ was 105.6% and vitamin C was 102.2%, so that it exceeded RDA.