• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.435-442
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• 2000

Batch test and column test were performed to develop the design factors for permeable reactive barriers(PRBs) against ammonium and heavy metals, Clinoptilolite, a kind of natural zeolites having excellent cation exchange capacity(CEC), was choosen for the reacting materials through the ion-exchange mechanism. In the batch test, the reactivity of clinoptilolite for ammonium, lead, and copper was examined varying the initial concentration of contaminants(ammonium: 20, 40, 80 ppm, heavy metals: 10, 20, 40 ppm) and the particle size of clinoptilolites(0-0.15, 0.42-0.85, 1-1.25 mm). The reactivity is increasing as the initial concentration decrease and particle size decrease. In the column test, the permeability and the reactivity of the specimens were examined using flexible-wall permeameter. Specimens were made of clinoptilolite and Jumunjin-sand with 20 : 80 weight ratio varying particle size of clinoptilolite. The maximum permeability(1${\times}$10$\^$-4/-5${\times}$10$\^$-5/cm/s) was achieved in the specimen made of 0.42-0.85 mm clinoptilolite and sand.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.205-209
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• 1993

A new treatment system for animal waste water has been developed as an alternative to the activated sludge process. It consists of two treatments; one is operated with 7 tanks, and the other is soil and plant cultivation bed. Aerobic microorganisms are added to the influent water in the tanks where the water is aerated so that the microbes utilize the pollutants, while sedimentation removes the indigestible solids. In the secondary treatment the water, which has already received a primary treatment, is filtered through soil where it also receives treatment by soil organisms. In addition there is transpiration of water and absorption of minerals by plants. In the primary treatment BOD, SS, coliforms (E. coli), TP and total bacteria were removed 79-99%, but COD and TN were removed only 58% and 36%, respectively. In the secondary treatment removal of nutrients proceeded further, and 93-99% of pollutants were removed. The treated waters met the quality standard of discharge water in Japan except for TN, which was in too great a concentration to meet discharge standards. This problem requires further study.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2002

Oship stream is located nearby south eastern coasts. This study was performed to find out waters quality modeling and then to predict water quality of Oship stream. Based on survey data, BOD, T-N, T-P calibration and verification result were in good agreement with measured value within mean coefficient variance(MSE) value, which were 13.9%, 9.0%, 26.5% and 19.5%, 12.0%, 16.5%, respectively. Sectional water quality predictions of the main stream of Oship stream are executed on the basis of the following cases 1) with sewage treatment of Dogye-eup 2) reduction of mine wastewater treatment of 80% in th basin. As a result, BOD, T-P improvement rates at down stream of Oship stream, case 1) were appeared 12.2%, 22.2%, case 2) maximum sulfate ion and conductivity reduction removal rate of Oship stream were 58%, 68%. The main pollution sources of Oship-stream were almost domestic wastewater and mine wastewater discharged from Dogye-eup which located in uppers stream. The large effects will appear after the construction of Dogye sewage water treatment plant which remove the organic matter and nutrients in these sewage water. The waste water from mine can not easily to treat for characteristics of effluence and economic problems. However, to achieve the goal of water quality in Oship-stream water system, treatments of those are necessary.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the important factors relating to runoff and pollutant loads in a plot unit located in an agricultural area. Of the precipitation parameters, such as total precipitation, days since last rainfall (ADD, the rainfall was more than 10mm) and average rainfall intensity on runoff, the strongest effect was obtained due to total precipitation, but the rainfall intensity showed a slightly positive correlation. It was expected that both variables, i.e. total precipitation and rainfall intensity, would lead to the generation of greater runoff. In contrast, runoff was negatively correlated with ADD, which is understandable because more infiltration and less runoff would be expected after a long dry period. The TSS load varied greatly, between 75.6 and $5.18{\times}10^4g$, per event. With the exception of TN, the TSS, BOD, COD and TP loads were affected by runoff. The correlations of these items were proportional to the runoff volume, with correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.70, which are suitable for use as NPS model data. The TSS load showed very good relationships with organics (BOD & COD) and nutrients (TN & TP), with correlation coefficients greater than 0.79. Therefore, the removal of TSS is a promising factor for protecting water basins.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.699-706
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• 2007

Many lakes or irrigative reservoirs in Korea are rapidly contaminated due to the ever increasing pollutants. Although lots of treatment processes have been recommended and practiced, economical and technical improvement is currently needed. In this study, contaminated irrigation reservoir was treated using the proposed process which is consisted of fine air bubbles, coagulation and flotation. Fine bubbles, approximate diameter of 3 to $10{\mu}m$, were generated using cavitation in the pressurized tank and polyaluminum chloride was used as coagulants. This fine bubbles, coagulation and flotation effectively controlled the low density algae, for example, Chlorophyll-a was removed more than 97 %. Removal efficiency of COD, SS, T-N and T-P were 80.7%, 94.3%, 64.1 % and 92.4%, respectively. Pollutants released from the sediments was removed more than 80% of organics and 60-70 % of nutrients. Consequently, fine bubbles coagulation and flotation process could be effectively used as an alternative treatment method for the purpose of control of lake water quality.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.449-455
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• 2018

In this study, the contribution of hot biomass ash to enrichment of the mineral content and to reducing the moisture content of broiler poultry manure was investigated. For this purpose, the mixtures have been prepared by adding biomass ash at varying rates (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) and at different temperatures ($100^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$ and $250^{\circ}C$) according to the dry matter content (74.77%) of the poultry manure. The results showed that incorporation of biomass ash into poultry manure at 50% at $250^{\circ}C$ reduced the moisture content from 25.23% to 9.82%. Regarding the maximum N in the final product, the ideal temperature of biomass ash has been obtained at $150^{\circ}C$. The highest nutrient contents were obtained at 50% biomass ash incorporation. The highest dose of biomass ash application had significantly increased nutrients, such as Ca (19.34%), K (4.03%), Fe (1,545 mg/kg), Mn (812 mg/kg) and Zn (479 mg/kg) in the final organomineral fertiliser formulation. Overall, it was concluded that the addition of hot biomass ash can dramatically decrease the moisture content of poultry manure and therefore provide odour and pathogen removal and increase its plant nutrient content.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제108권3호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2019

This study was conducted to measure litterfall and nutrient (P, K, Ca, Mg) inputs under varying degrees of disturbance by pine wilt disease in pine forests in southern Korea. Litterfall was collected to evaluate nutrient responses at different intensities of disturbance (various levels of basal area) by pine wilt disease across 2 years. Phosphorus, Ca, and Mg concentrations in needle litterfall were positively correlated (p < 0.05) with decreased disturbance intensities (increased basal area) depending on the time of sampling, whereas the nutrient concentrations in other litterfall components (branches, bark, reproductive organs, and miscellaneous litterfall) were not significantly correlated (p > 0.05) with the intensity of pine wilt disease disturbance. Dry weight and nutrient inputs through litterfall components decreased linearly with increasing intensity of disturbance by pine wilt disease (p < 0.05), except for the nutrient inputs of branch (K, Ca, Mg) and reproductive organ (K, Ca) litterfall. These results indicate that decreased litterfall across different levels of disturbance may be related to the reduced soil nutrients in pine wilt disease forests.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2022

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are designed and built to remove contaminants from wastewater. WWTPs are composed of various facilities equipped with hydro-mechanical and electrical equipment. This paper presents a comparison of two different approaches for WWTPs modelling. Static modelling is suitable for determining the dimensions of facilities and equipment capacity. The special significance of this approach is for the design of new plants, i.e., when a very small number of input data on the quantities and composition of the influent wastewater is available. Dynamic modelling is expensive, time consuming and requires great expertise in the use of simulators, models and very good understanding of the treatment processes. Also, dynamic modelling is very important to use for optimization, consideration of future scenarios and also possible scenarios on the plant. The comparison of two approaches was made on the input data from the biggest and most important plant in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)-WWTP Butila (Sarajevo). The main idea is to show the differences between two demanding accesses. It is important to know how to apply an adequate approach to research and solve the set task. The II phase of the plant Butila, which includes the removal of nutrients, is planned in several years and therefore the importance of research has increased.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.284-289
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• 2023

A 14-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency department for excessive bile-containing vomiting and severe abdominal pain. She had been healthy until she intentionally lost 25 kg over a 6-month period. Thick, bloody bile-mixed food particles were drained from the stomach through a nasogastric tube. Abdominal computed tomography revealed huge stomach dilatation with extensive gastric pneumatosis, possible near rupture, acute pancreatitis, and a very narrow third of the duodenum, indicating superior mesenteric syndrome. Gastrofibroscopy revealed multiple hemorrhagic ulcers and numerous beadlike cystic lesions in the stomach. Laboratory examination results were notable for severe deficiencies in critical nutrients, including iron, zinc, proteins, and prealbumin, as well as undernutrition-associated endocrine complications such as hypothyroidism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Excessive vomiting ceased after the endoscopic removal of stagnant gastric contents. Gastric pneumatosis improved after 3 days of supportive care.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.304-309
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• 2011

본 연구는 비점오염원 처리를 위한 자유수면형 인공습지인 복내 바이오파크 인공습지에서 수생식물에 의한 영양염류의 흡수특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내 주요 우점종은 달뿌리풀, 수련, 부들, 갈대 및 줄이었으며 최대건물생산량을 보인 8월의 주요 우점식생의 한 주당 건물생산량은 부들(54.27 g/plant) > 달뿌리풀(44.30 g/plant) ${\geqq}$ 갈대(39.60 g/plant) ${\geqq}$ 줄(37.80 g/plant) ${\fallingdotseq}$ 수련(36.75 g/plant) 순으로 높았다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내 수생식물의 질소 함량은 지상부의 경우 달뿌리풀, 수련, 부들, 갈대 및 줄이 각각 1.80~2.06%, 1.94~2.14%, 2.07~2.57%, 2.20~2.33% 및 2.20~2.33% 범위로 부들이 다른 수생식물에 비해 약간 높았으나 시기별로 큰 차이 없었으며 지하부의 질소 함�c도 이와 유사한 경향이었다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내수생식물의 인 함량은 지상부에서는 달뿌리풀(9400~9900 mg/kg 범위) 및 지하부에서는 줄(4964~6452 mg/kg 범위)이 다른 수생식물에 비해 약간 높았으나 시기에 따른 수생식물의 인 함량은 큰 차이 없이 비슷하였다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내 수생식물의 최대 질소 흡수량은 8월에 달뿌리 풀이 773 mg/plant, 수련이 625 mg/plant, 부들이 1206 mg/plant, 갈대가 754 mg/plant 및 줄이 768 mg/plant 이었다. 수생식물의 최대 인 흡수량은 8월에 달뿌리풀이 397 mg/plant, 수련이 177 mg/plant, 부들이 411 mg/plant, 갈대가 261 mg/plant 및 줄이 229 mg/plant이었다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내 수생식물 중 부들의 영양염류 흡수량이 가장 많았다. 이상의 결과는 향후 비점오염원 처리를 위한 인공습지 시공시 습지특성에 맞는 최적의 수생식물을 선정하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다.