• 제목/요약/키워드: number of visitors

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영화 흥행에 영향을 미치는 새로운 변수 개발과 이를 이용한 머신러닝 기반의 주간 박스오피스 예측 (Development of New Variables Affecting Movie Success and Prediction of Weekly Box Office Using Them Based on Machine Learning)

  • 송정아;최근호;김건우
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.67-83
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    • 2018
  • 2013년 누적인원 2억명을 돌파한 한국의 영화 산업은 매년 괄목할만한 성장을 거듭하여 왔다. 하지만 2015년을 기점으로 한국의 영화 산업은 저성장 시대로 접어들어, 2016년에는 마이너스 성장을 기록하였다. 영화산업을 이루고 있는 각 이해당사자(제작사, 배급사, 극장주 등)들은 개봉 영화에 대한 시장의 반응을 예측하고 탄력적으로 대응하는 전략을 수립해 시장의 이익을 극대화하려고 한다. 이에 본 연구는 개봉 후 역동적으로 변화하는 관람객 수요 변화에 대한 탄력적인 대응을 할 수 있도록 주차 별 관람객 수를 예측하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 분석을 위해 선행연구에서 사용되었던 요인 뿐 아니라 개봉 후 역동적으로 변화하는 영화의 흥행순위, 매출 점유율, 흥행순위 변동 폭 등 선행연구에서 사용되지 않았던 데이터들을 새로운 요인으로 사용하고 Naive Bays, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Multi Layer Perception등의 기계학습 기법을 이용하여 개봉 일 후, 개봉 1주 후, 개봉 2주 후 시점에는 차주 누적 관람객 수를 예측하고 개봉 3주 후 시점에는 총 관람객 수를 예측하였다. 새롭게 제시한 변수들을 포함한 모델과 포함하지 않은 모델을 구성하여 실험하였고 비교를 위해 매 예측시점마다 동일한 예측 요인을 사용하여 총 관람객 수도 예측해보았다. 분석결과 동일한 시점에 총 관람객 수를 예측했을 경우 보다 차주 누적 관람객 수를 예측하는 것이 더 높은 정확도를 보였으며, 새롭게 제시한 변수들을 포함한 모델의 정확도가 대부분 높았으며 통계적으로 그 차이가 유의함으로써 정확도에 기여했음을 확인할 수 있었다. 기계학습 기법 중에는 Random Forest가 가장 높은 정확도를 보였다.

DEA를 적용한 문화관광축제의 효율성 등급 예측모형 (The Efficiency Rating Prediction for Cultural Tourism Festival Based of DEA)

  • 김은미;홍태호
    • 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.145-157
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    • 2020
  • Purpose This study proposed an approach for predicting the efficiency rating of the cultural tourism festivals using DEA and machine learning techniques. The cultural tourism festivals are selected for the best festivals through peer reviews by tourism experts. However, only 10% of the festivals which are held in a year could be evaluated in the view of effectiveness without considering the efficiency of festivals. Design/methodology/approach Efficiency scores were derived from the results of DEA for the prediction of efficiency ratings. This study utilized BCC models to reflect the size effect of festivals and classified the festivals into four ratings according the efficiency scores. Multi-classification method were considered to build the prediction of four ratings for the festivals in this study. We utilized neural networks and SVMs with OAO(one-against-one), OAR(one-against-rest), C&S(crammer & singer) with Korea festival data from 2013 to 2018. Findings The number of total visitors in low efficient rating of DEA is more larger than the number of total visitors in high efficient ratings although the total expenditure of visitors is the highest in the most efficient rating when we analyzed the results of DEA for the characteristics of four ratings. SVM with OAO model showed the most superior performance in accuracy as SVM with OAR model was not trained well because of the imbalanced distribution between efficient rating and the other ratings. Our approach could predict the efficiency of festivals which were not included in the review process of culture tourism festivals without rebuilding DEA models each time. This enables us to manage the festivals efficiently with the proposed machine learning models.

전통시장 지원사업과 경쟁 강도가 점포매출액과 방문고객 수에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Traditional Market Support Projects and Competition Intensity of Stores on Store Sales and Number of Visitors)

  • 이철성
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.97-105
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    • 2019
  • Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the government support project on traditional market and the interaction effect between the government support project and the competition intensity. Therefore, this study focuses on the competition intensity of individual stores in traditional markets, unlike the traditional research flow, which is beyond the competitive structure of traditional markets and large retailers. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is based on the data of 'Statistics of Traditional Market in 2017'. In this study, a multiple regression equation was constructed using the number of government support projects as an independent variable, competition intensity as an interaction, and sales per store, number of customers per store as a dependent variable for analysis. A multiple regression equation was constructed for the main effect analysis. To investigate the effect of the interaction, cohen(1980)'s regression equation and two-way ANOVA were used. Results - First, according to this study, the traditional market participated in the government support project showed that the sales and the number of visitors per store in the traditional market were higher than those in the non-participation market. Second, the impact of government support projects on sales per store(also number of visiting customers per store) can be different depending on the competition intensity. More specifically, if the market is politically supported by a market with a high level of competition, it may be more effective than the market with no support. Conclusions - Based on the results of the study, we suggested academic and practical implications and suggested that competition intensity of stores in the traditional market should be considered in the future. The implications of this study are as follows. First, the effects of the government's traditional market support project were analyzed empirically. Second, this study is different from the previous studies in that it examined the competitive strengths and the effects of individual stores in traditional markets, away from competition between traditional market and large retailers. Third, it provided practical implications for the operation of government support projects.

남한도시인구의 팽창과 그 생태 (The City Growth & its Nature in South Korea.)

  • 이한순
    • 대한지리학회지
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    • 제1권
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    • pp.67-82
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    • 1963
  • 본 연구는 낙안읍성이라는 특정 장소에서 열리는 남도음식축제를 사례로 이벤트관광의 정착과 성장과정을 관광지리학적 관점에서 고찰하였다. 남도음식축제는 특정장소가 갖는 매력요인과 전남지역의 고유한 향토음식이 결합된 전남의 대표적인 이벤트관광이며, 1998년 문체부에 의해 전국 3대 축제로 선정되어 전국적인 규모의 축제로 성장하였다. 1994년부터 시작된 남도음식축제는 프로그램과 예산, 참가인원 등 규모면에서 꾸준한 성장을 보여 왔다. 그리고 개최기간은 3일에서 일주일로 연장되었고, 관광세력권은 꾸준히 확대되고 있다. 남도음식축제를 더욱 활성화시키기 위해서는 관 주도의 축제에서 민간주도의 축제로의 전환, 지역축제를 이끌어 갈 전문인력의 양성, 낙안읍성이라는 장소성과 역사성을 부각시킬수 있는 프로그램 개발, 음식축제에 대한 보다 적극적인 경영마인드의 도입, 낙안읍성 주변의 주요 관광지와 연계관계를 구축하여 관광세력권의 확대, 지속적인 관광객 형태 및 평가분석을 통한 관광객들의 관심과 욕구의 반영 등이 필요하다.

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낙후농촌의 지속적 수익 창출 위한 도농교류활동 개발 전개과정과 특징 -농촌마을종합개발사업 칠갑산권역 천장리(알프스마을)을 사례로- (Development Process of Activities about Urban and Rural Interchange and Its Characteristics for Making Continuous Profit in Underdeveloped Rural Village -The Case of Cheonjang-ri(Alps village), Mount Chilgab-Region in Comprehensive Rural Village Development Project-)

  • 김두환
    • 농촌계획
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.35-49
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    • 2013
  • The study area is Cheonjang-ri, also called Alps village, making continuous profit after performing Comprehensive Rural Village Development Projects. This study aims to determine the development process of activities about urban and rural interchange and its characteristics for making continuous profit by residents themselves. A focus on thinking about the process is necessary to make activities in order to achieve continuous profits in the underdeveloped rural village by residents themselves. As a result of this study, Alps village has developed new activities, improving problems which are encountered on the development process of activities. And, Alps village has developed new activities by linking them with previous activities. To improve problems, Alps village has made an effort by itself and cooperated with the subject, both inside and outside of the village. This way has been effective for increasing the number of visitors in village. Increasing the number of visitors in village has been effective in making a continuous profit. Also, continuing to make new activities in order to substitute previous activities including problems has been effective to increase profit.

R-IPA를 활용한 무역박람회 참가업체의 전시회 선택요인과 참가목적에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Exhibitors' Objectives and Choice Attributes of Participating in Trade Fairs Using R-IPA)

  • 김용석;정윤세
    • 무역학회지
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.57-73
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    • 2019
  • The purposes of this study are to propose exhibition planning and management skills of trade fair organizers and to provide suggestions on the direction of government policies related to fair items. This study analyzes exhibitor objectives of exhibition participation and exhibition choice attributes using revised importance-performance analysis. This research uses visitor level, organizer services and market attraction of hosting country, as explanatory variables affecting companies' trade show choices. It also utilizes sales and non-sales purposes of participants as variables of exhibitors' objectives. As a result of the empirical analysis and examination of prior research, this study presents some recommendations for exhibition organizers and governments of hosting countries. First, the exhibition organizer should consider the importance of the number of visitors. Thus, the organizer should focus on prior marketing activities to attract visitors. Second, the organizer should make a trade fair plan in compliance with participants' needs. Third, policy authorities should provide environment of free competition among players.

TCM을 이용한 칠갑저수지의 레크리에이션 편익 분석 (Measuring Recreational Benefits of Chilgap Reservoir Using TCM)

  • 홍승지;김대식
    • 농촌계획
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.97-106
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    • 2016
  • The study attempts to estimate the recreational benefits of Chilgap multi-purpose reservoir using the on-site survey sample of 130 visitors. The individual travel cost method is used for measuring the recreational benefits of Chilgap multi-purpose reservoir and a zero-truncated negative binomial model is used to elicit the travel demand function. The price elasticities of visit demand are ranged from 0.29 to 0.39. Recreational benefits are ranged from 119 to 156 thousand won per visit and are ranged from 292 to 383 thousand won per annual. When the number of annual visitors to Chilgap reservoir is appled, then the recreational benefits are ranged from 2.7 to 3.6 billion won. This study could contribute to the advancement of post-construction evaluation in the public construction field similar to Chilgap reservoir.

모터쇼를 위한 S자동차 전시부스 계획 (Plan for Stand of S Motor in Motor Show)

  • 서준호
    • 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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    • pp.65-66
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    • 2006
  • The motor show is the most popular show in domestic exhibitions. It provides many interesting events and exhibition programs from small parts of the car to luxury sedans. It should be spatially designed for not only display programs but also various other programs such as concerts or events. And it needs to approach strategic and complex plans for unique stand design because of a great number of visitors' safety and accomodation, and competition with other companies. S motor is the company of middle standing, producing the most luxurious sedans and SUVs. I had to find a display and space composition way to harmonize with luxurious sedans and outdoor vehicles in a booth. The booth had to be distinctive and unique inspite of relatively small and handicaped area compared with other companies' booths. So I designed two major plans; ceiling structure covered whole booth space and office space for staff. These plans could get completely majesty and unique design for booth, events and other programs. And the structure of booth was minimalized for visitors' safety and accomodation in great event time.

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생태문화관광 축제연구 : 천수만 철새 축제 사례 (Ecotourism Study on the Chunsuman Bay Birdwatching Festival)

  • 노용호;정강환;양위주
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.259-264
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    • 2005
  • The purposes of this study were to investigate visitors' environmental attitudes of educational tourism, environmental preservation, and regional economic benefits satisfaction through the Chunsuman Bay Birdwatching Festival. The results of this study were as follows: First, the degree of educational satisfaction was high and this festival provided environmental preservation mind for visitors and local residents as well. The festival participants had a positive attitude toward migratory birds. Especially, the residents who had negative perceptions toward migratory birds due to physical harms of agricultural crops was positively changed after visiting this festival. So there should be prepared for more strategic approaches for residents' visiting and participating this birdwatching festival. Second, while the number of tourists was increased, it did not make a practical contribution to residents' income Particularly, farmers' satisfaction was low. So there should be more strategic programs to improve residents' economic rewards for sustainable development.

A Study on the Meaning and Strategy of Keyword Advertising Marketing

  • Park, Nam Goo
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 2010
  • At the initial stage of Internet advertising, banner advertising came into fashion. As the Internet developed into a central part of daily lives and the competition in the on-line advertising market was getting fierce, there was not enough space for banner advertising, which rushed to portal sites only. All these factors was responsible for an upsurge in advertising prices. Consequently, the high-cost and low-efficiency problems with banner advertising were raised, which led to an emergence of keyword advertising as a new type of Internet advertising to replace its predecessor. In the beginning of 2000s, when Internet advertising came to be activated, display advertisement including banner advertising dominated the Net. However, display advertising showed signs of gradual decline, and registered minus growth in the year 2009, whereas keyword advertising showed rapid growth and started to outdo display advertising as of the year 2005. Keyword advertising refers to the advertising technique that exposes relevant advertisements on the top of research sites when one searches for a keyword. Instead of exposing advertisements to unspecified individuals like banner advertising, keyword advertising, or targeted advertising technique, shows advertisements only when customers search for a desired keyword so that only highly prospective customers are given a chance to see them. In this context, it is also referred to as search advertising. It is regarded as more aggressive advertising with a high hit rate than previous advertising in that, instead of the seller discovering customers and running an advertisement for them like TV, radios or banner advertising, it exposes advertisements to visiting customers. Keyword advertising makes it possible for a company to seek publicity on line simply by making use of a single word and to achieve a maximum of efficiency at a minimum cost. The strong point of keyword advertising is that customers are allowed to directly contact the products in question through its more efficient advertising when compared to the advertisements of mass media such as TV and radio, etc. The weak point of keyword advertising is that a company should have its advertisement registered on each and every portal site and finds it hard to exercise substantial supervision over its advertisement, there being a possibility of its advertising expenses exceeding its profits. Keyword advertising severs as the most appropriate methods of advertising for the sales and publicity of small and medium enterprises which are in need of a maximum of advertising effect at a low advertising cost. At present, keyword advertising is divided into CPC advertising and CPM advertising. The former is known as the most efficient technique, which is also referred to as advertising based on the meter rate system; A company is supposed to pay for the number of clicks on a searched keyword which users have searched. This is representatively adopted by Overture, Google's Adwords, Naver's Clickchoice, and Daum's Clicks, etc. CPM advertising is dependent upon the flat rate payment system, making a company pay for its advertisement on the basis of the number of exposure, not on the basis of the number of clicks. This method fixes a price for advertisement on the basis of 1,000-time exposure, and is mainly adopted by Naver's Timechoice, Daum's Speciallink, and Nate's Speedup, etc, At present, the CPC method is most frequently adopted. The weak point of the CPC method is that advertising cost can rise through constant clicks from the same IP. If a company makes good use of strategies for maximizing the strong points of keyword advertising and complementing its weak points, it is highly likely to turn its visitors into prospective customers. Accordingly, an advertiser should make an analysis of customers' behavior and approach them in a variety of ways, trying hard to find out what they want. With this in mind, her or she has to put multiple keywords into use when running for ads. When he or she first runs an ad, he or she should first give priority to which keyword to select. The advertiser should consider how many individuals using a search engine will click the keyword in question and how much money he or she has to pay for the advertisement. As the popular keywords that the users of search engines are frequently using are expensive in terms of a unit cost per click, the advertisers without much money for advertising at the initial phrase should pay attention to detailed keywords suitable to their budget. Detailed keywords are also referred to as peripheral keywords or extension keywords, which can be called a combination of major keywords. Most keywords are in the form of texts. The biggest strong point of text-based advertising is that it looks like search results, causing little antipathy to it. But it fails to attract much attention because of the fact that most keyword advertising is in the form of texts. Image-embedded advertising is easy to notice due to images, but it is exposed on the lower part of a web page and regarded as an advertisement, which leads to a low click through rate. However, its strong point is that its prices are lower than those of text-based advertising. If a company owns a logo or a product that is easy enough for people to recognize, the company is well advised to make good use of image-embedded advertising so as to attract Internet users' attention. Advertisers should make an analysis of their logos and examine customers' responses based on the events of sites in question and the composition of products as a vehicle for monitoring their behavior in detail. Besides, keyword advertising allows them to analyze the advertising effects of exposed keywords through the analysis of logos. The logo analysis refers to a close analysis of the current situation of a site by making an analysis of information about visitors on the basis of the analysis of the number of visitors and page view, and that of cookie values. It is in the log files generated through each Web server that a user's IP, used pages, the time when he or she uses it, and cookie values are stored. The log files contain a huge amount of data. As it is almost impossible to make a direct analysis of these log files, one is supposed to make an analysis of them by using solutions for a log analysis. The generic information that can be extracted from tools for each logo analysis includes the number of viewing the total pages, the number of average page view per day, the number of basic page view, the number of page view per visit, the total number of hits, the number of average hits per day, the number of hits per visit, the number of visits, the number of average visits per day, the net number of visitors, average visitors per day, one-time visitors, visitors who have come more than twice, and average using hours, etc. These sites are deemed to be useful for utilizing data for the analysis of the situation and current status of rival companies as well as benchmarking. As keyword advertising exposes advertisements exclusively on search-result pages, competition among advertisers attempting to preoccupy popular keywords is very fierce. Some portal sites keep on giving priority to the existing advertisers, whereas others provide chances to purchase keywords in question to all the advertisers after the advertising contract is over. If an advertiser tries to rely on keywords sensitive to seasons and timeliness in case of sites providing priority to the established advertisers, he or she may as well make a purchase of a vacant place for advertising lest he or she should miss appropriate timing for advertising. However, Naver doesn't provide priority to the existing advertisers as far as all the keyword advertisements are concerned. In this case, one can preoccupy keywords if he or she enters into a contract after confirming the contract period for advertising. This study is designed to take a look at marketing for keyword advertising and to present effective strategies for keyword advertising marketing. At present, the Korean CPC advertising market is virtually monopolized by Overture. Its strong points are that Overture is based on the CPC charging model and that advertisements are registered on the top of the most representative portal sites in Korea. These advantages serve as the most appropriate medium for small and medium enterprises to use. However, the CPC method of Overture has its weak points, too. That is, the CPC method is not the only perfect advertising model among the search advertisements in the on-line market. So it is absolutely necessary that small and medium enterprises including independent shopping malls should complement the weaknesses of the CPC method and make good use of strategies for maximizing its strengths so as to increase their sales and to create a point of contact with customers.

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