• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.371-378
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• 2022

Objectives: No studies have examined the association between preterm birth rates and socioeconomic factors in Japan using nationwide statistical data. We analyzed the association between preterm birth rates and household occupation using Vital Statistics data. Methods: Aggregated Vital Statistics data from Japan from 2007 to 2019 were obtained from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. From the data, the number of births according to year, age group, gestational period, number of pregnancies, and household occupation were used in this study. Crude preterm birth rates and preterm birth rates adjusted by maternal age according to household occupation were calculated for each year. Poisson regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between household occupation and preterm births. Results: Unemployed households had the highest preterm birth rate, and households with an occupation classification of "full-time worker 2" (an employee at a large company, civil servant, or board member) had the lowest preterm birth rate throughout each period. Poisson regression analysis revealed that unemployed households were statistically significantly associated with a high preterm birth risk. In contrast, the preterm birth rate adjusted by maternal age remained stable throughout each period regardless of household occupation, and preterm birth rates were found not to have increased in recent years in Japan. Conclusions: Unemployed households had higher preterm birth rates than other household occupations. Further studies investigating the characteristics of unemployed households are needed to identify the reasons for this disparity.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.51-77
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• 2012

본 연구는 장애노인의 과부담 보건의료비 현황 및 영향요인을 밝히기 위한 목적으로 진행되었다. 과부담 보건의료는 지불능력 대비 가구 보건의료비 지출이 역치기준(10%, 20%, 30%, 40%)을 초과한 상태로 정의하였다. 본 연구는 장애인고용패널조사 1, 2, 3차년 통합자료를 활용하였으며, 연구대상으로 60세 이상의 장애노인 726명을 분석대상으로 삼았다. 장애노인가구의 과부담 보건의료비 영향요인을 밝히기 위하여 패널로짓분석을 사용하였다. 연구결과 연령이 높을수록, 배우자가 있을 때, 내부 장애인의 경우, 건강상태가 나쁠 때, 만성질환이 있을 때, 가구원 수가 많을수록, 장애가족비율이 높을수록, 노인가족비율이 높을수록, 빈곤유형 중 빈곤 비수급가구에 속할 때 과부담 보건의료비 위험이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과에 기초하여 우리나라의 장애노인 가구의 과부담 보건의료비 경감을 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.441-451
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• 2004

This study categorized the households into four by the comparison of wives' and husbands' earned income, such as one with higher wives' income than husbands' in dual-earner households, with higher wives' income than husbands' in household with unemployed husbands, with lower wives' income than husbands' in dual-earner households, and with lower wives' income than husbands' in household with unemployed wives. This study compared and analyzed the objective and subjective economic well-being, and overall satisfaction of life in those households. Major results are below. First, the amount of expenditures, saving, debt were low in one-earner household with employed husbands, but average propensity to expenditure was high in those households. The amount of saving was low in one-earner households with unemployed husbands, but the average propensity to expenditure and debt were high, resulting in the low status of economic well-being. The amount of saving and monetary assets were high, but average propensity to expenditure and debt were low in households in which wives had higher income than husbands, resulting in the high status of economic well-being. Second, husbands' satisfaction for the level of family income was not different among four groups of households. Wives's satisfaction for those was the lowest when wives' income was higher than husbands', but the highest in households with unemployed wives. Wives' and husbands' expectations for the future economic well-being of the households were negative in households with unemployed husbands. On the other hand, the level of satisfaction of wives and husbands for their life was not different among four groups of households. Finally, four groups of households were discriminated by age of husbands, number of children, debt, and wives' expectation for the future economic well-being.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2008

Research outcome shows the following: 1. Estimation by the year 2015 on the number of the aged people and on the number of the household of living alone and living with spouse only, per age-cohort by 5 years, per basic self-govern-ins local groups and the city of Daegu. The result is supposed to serve as meaningful basic material in building up future policies in many areas for the aged people living in their homes. 2. Estimation varies according to the areas and the age-cohorts. In urban areas, increase of the numbers of the households of the aged people living alone and living with spouse only is estimated in every age-cohort. In rural areas, variance between two age-groups, old-old and young-old, is observed. Both of the numbers of the households for the aged living alone and the aged living with spouse only have increased continuously by the year 2005. But the hither-to increase tendency is estimated to reverse itself to a decrease starting from the younger within the young-old age group, and the ratio of the old-old age-group in rural population will sharply increase starting from the year 2005. Such increase in the number of the aged people in need of the housing and the social support requires the increasing policy consideration for the issue of housing for the aged living in their homes. In spite of the decreasing tendency in the number of the aged people living alone and living with spouse only in rural areas, still there will continue to be more number of such households than in urban area for the time being. The government of Gyeongsangbuk-Do should pay more consideration to the old-old aged living alone and living with spouse only in rural areas, while being prepared for the sharply increasing households for the aged living alone and living with spouse only in urban areas.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2022

The proportion of people living in poverty in Soc Trang is comparatively large. 27,154 households in this province are considered to be poor, which represents 8.4 percent of all households. The gap between rural and urban areas, between farmers and other social classes in this province, tends to increase, and the living standard of people in the countryside remains difficult. This paper aims to investigate the determinant factors of poor households' income in rural areas of Soc Trang province, Vietnam. Data from 120 poor households in Vinh Chau district and Ke Sach district of Soc Trang province collected in the year 2019 is employed to test the proposed hypotheses in this study. By applying the descriptive statistical method and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, the results show that the factors of production land, number of income generation activities, access to credit, means of transportation, and means of production positively affect the income per capita of poor household in the study area, whereas household size has a negative impact on the household income per capita. Considering the empirical findings, several solutions and recommendations are proposed to improve the income of poor households in Soc Trang province.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.201-215
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• 1996

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of household characteristics to family savings. Family savings were defined in four ways such as monthly savings, average propensity to save, financial assets, and net financial assets. The household characteristics dealt with were family income, household size, number of earners, age, occupation, education, housing tenure, and urbanization. The data used in the study was Survey of Family Finance 1990. The main statistical method was multiple regression. Family income was found to the most important variable to determine four family saving variables holding other characteristics constant. Also, household size had significant negative effects on family savings. Two-earner households were found to have higher average propensity to save and less financial assets compared to single-earner households. Fro monthly savings and average propensity to save, the households with forties andfifties household head tended to be less than others, while financial assets tended to increase with the age of household head. Compared to salary earner households, blue-colored households had significantly lower average propensity to save, and the households with professionals had significantly higher financial assets. The college-graduated households tended to have less monthly savings than the elementary-graduated households. Also, the housing renters were found to have more monthly savings and higher average propensity to save, compared to the housing owners.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 1997

This study was designed to examine the determinants of housing decisions of prospective home buyers in newly constructed areas in Ulsan. The main focus was to clarify the current mobility motives. reasons for choosing present dwelling, housing values , housing satisfaction, housing Preferences of households. The data used in this study were collected from a probability sample consisting of 350 households, and analyzed through descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and analysis of variance. The major findings were as follows: 1) The motives of current mobility of households were home ownership, larger space, and better neighborhoods. 2) The reasons for choosing present dwelling were location. dwelling size, air quality and housing price. 3) Seventeen items of housing values were identified important. 4) Households were satisfied with dwelling size, number of rooms, views, and neighborhood facilities, 5) Dwelling features preferred by the households were the individual opinion of interior, perfect antinoise, better construction materials, better bath, kitchen facility etc.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2016

2012년 7월 1일에 세종특별자치시가 출범하게 되고 행정복합도시의 1단계 건설사업이 2015년 말에 완료되었다. 따라서 1단계 사업의 결과를 통해서 나타난 결과를 통해 2030년까지 계획하고 있는 인구 및 가구수 목표를 달성할 수 있는 지 점검하고 향후 공급해야 할 주택의 수 및 유형을 결정하는데 활용할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 1단계 사업기간 중에 나타난 결과를 기반으로 2030년까지의 인구수 및 가구수를 예측하였다. 인구수의 예측은 통계청의 장래인구추계에서 나타난 세종시의 인구증가율과 1단계에서 나타난 계획대비 실적을 활용하는 방법을 사용하였다. 분석결과 기존의 행정복합도시가 2030년까지 목표로 하고 있는 인구수 50만명과 가구수를 유치하기는 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 유형별 가구수에 대한 분석에서는 현재 행정복합도시는 공공기관의 대규모 이전으로 인해 3-4인 가구의 비중이 크고 소득수준이 상대적으로 높으며, 자가주택에 거주하는 주택이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 도시의 규모가 커지면서 1-2인 가구와 임차주택의 비중이 높아지고 소득수준이 조정될 가능성이 높아 향후 주택공급시 이를 반영할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.211-227
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• 2002

The issue of children′s education is the most important issue for all households in Korea. It is certain that the issue of private education for children is the first issue among household′s issues. This study is to recognize the current pictures of household primate education of Korean households. Also, whether the expenditure of private education effect the economic will-being of household. The data for this study was"the 3th Korean Labor Panal", conducted by Lobor in Korea. The sample was 1950 households from the panel data. The results of this study was as following: 1. The mean of monthly private education expenditure was 149273won for all households and 217,100won for households with high school students. 2. Almost 70% households had economic burden for private education expenditure. 0% households had no economic burden. 3. The factors of influencing the level of economic burden for private education were mother′s education level, mother′s job, the number of children, living location, monthly income, total asset of household′s. The factors of influencing the amount of monthly private education expenditure positively were living in 4. The economic well-being of household was analyzed by socio-economic variables, household′s financial variables, monthly private education expenditure, the level of economic burden of private education. The economic well-being were sub-categorized 4 divisions; the level of economic problem, the level of satisfaction for household′s income, the level of satisfaction for general living, the level of subject economic condition)

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.621-628
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• 1997

This study aimed to quantify the impact of crossbreeding at farm level, in mixed farm systems in Gujarat. Households with crossbred cattle did not differ from households without crossbreds in terms of farm resources, crop gross margins and off-farm income. The use of crossbred animals did increase livestock gross margins by 64% and household income by 22%. The three agro-ecological zones included in this study differed considerably according to farm system and household income. However, in all three zones, households with crossbreds had higher livestock gross margins than households without crossbreds. There was no real difference in work load and labour division between households with and without crossbreds. There was also no difference in the use of bullocks for draught purposes between the two types of households. In particular buffaloes are being replaced by crossbred cattle. There was a large variation in farm income, largely because of land area. The milk offake per average cow and the number of buffaloes also related positively to farm income in both types of households. Crossbreeding has proved technically and financially viable in different Gujarat mixed farming systems. It can be concluded that crossbreeding is an important development option for landless farmers.