• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 1994

Cancer of the cervix is the most common malignancy in women in developing countries and the second most common cancer in women throughout the world with approximately 500,000 new cases each year. Prevention of this large number of premature deaths among women is, therefore, a goal worthy of urgent and serious consideration. Due to its high diagnostic disagreement among pathologists and large quantity of specimens, it is necessary to develop an automatic screening system measuring morphologic and densitometric features of the samples. Many research works have been published but most of them used Feulgen stained specimens which are not a usual staining method used in clinics. In this thesis, an automatic cancerous nucleus detection method essential to a screening system with papanicolaou stained specimens called Pap-smear is proposed which employs image processing techniques. It uses edge information to segment objects and morphologic as well as densitometric information to distinguish cancerous nuclei from dirts or normal nuclei. It has produced useful results in our study.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.328-332
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• 2016

Background: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a new radiation therapy. In BNCT, there exists some very critical problems that should be solved. One of the severest problems is that the treatment effect cannot be known during BNCT in real time. We are now developing a SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) system (BNCT-SPECT), with a cadmium telluride (CdTe) semiconductor detector. BNCT-SPECT can obtain the BNCT treatment effect by measuring 478 keV gamma-rays emitted from the excited state of $^7Li$ nucleus created by $^{10}B(n,{\alpha})$ $^7Li$ reaction. In the previous studies, we investigated the feasibility of the BNCT-SPECT system. As a result, the S/N ratio did not meet the criterion of S/N > 1 because deterioration of the S/N ratio occurred caused by the influence of Compton scattering especially due to capture gamma-rays of hydrogen. Materials and Methods: We thus produced an arrayed detector with two CdTe crystals to test cross talk phenomenon and to examine an anti-coincidence detection possibility. For more precise analysis for the anti-coincidence detection, we designed and made a collimator having a similar performance to the real BNCT-SPECT. Results and Discussion: We carried out experiments with the collimator to examine the effect of cross talk of scattering gamma-rays between CdTe elements more practically. As a result of measurement the coincidence events were successfully extracted. Conclusion: We are now planning to carry out evaluation of coincidence rate from the measurement and comparison of it with the numerical calculations.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2013

Objective: Stress is known to be an inhibitor of the reproductive hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. However, the neural and molecular connections between stress and reproduction are not yet understood. It is well established that in both humans and rodents, kisspeptin (encoded by the kiss1 gene) is a strong stimulator of the HPG axis. In the present study we hypothesized that endocannabinoids, an important neuromodulatory system in the brain, can act on the HPG axis at the level of kiss1 expression to inhibit reproductive function under stress. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were unilaterally implanted with an intracerebroventricular cannula. Afterwards, the animals were exposed to immobilization stress, with or without the presence of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 (1 ${\mu}g/rat$). Blood samples were collected through a retro-orbital plexus puncture before and after stress. Five hours after the stress, brain tissue was collected for reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction measurements of kiss1 mRNA. Results: Immobilization stress (1 hour) resulted in a decrease in the serum luteinizing hormone concentration. Additionally, kiss1 gene expression was decreased in key hypothalamic nuclei that regulate gonadotrophin secretion, the medial preoptic area (mPOA), and to some extent the arcuate nucleus (ARC). A single central administration of AM251 was effective in blocking these inhibitory responses. Conclusion: These findings suggest that endocannabinoids mediate, at least in part, immobilization stress-induced inhibition of the reproductive system. Our data suggest that the connection between immobilization stress and the HPG axis is kiss1 expression in the mPOA rather than the ARC.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.757-765
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• 2011

Many studies have suggested that the behavioral and reinforcing effects of morphine are induced by hyperactivation of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system, which results in increases in locomotor activity, c-Fos expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In order to investigate the effect of wild ginseng (WG) on treating morphine addiction, we examined the behavioral sensitization of locomotor activity and c-Fos and TH expression in the rat brain using immunohistochemistry. Intraperitioneal injection of WG (100 and 200 mg/kg), 30 min before administration of a daily injection of morphine (40 mg/kg, s.c.), significantly inhibited morphine-induced increases in c-Fos expression in NAc and TH expression in VTA as well as in locomotor activity, as compared with Panax ginseng. It was demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of WG on the behavioral sensitization after repeated exposure to morphine was closely associated with the reduction of dopamine biosynthesis and postsynaptic neuronal activity. It suggests that WG extract may be effective for inhibiting the behavioral effects of morphine by possibly modulating the central dopaminergic system and that WG might be a useful resource to develop an agent for preventing and treating morphine addiction.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2004

To search a new porcine pheromonal odorants, this research for biostimulation and role of pheromone was augmented by means of "control system technologies" to offer a potentially useful and practical way to improve reproductive efficiency in livestock species. Therefore the 13 physicochemical parameters such as similarity indice (S), hydrophobicity (logP) and van der Waals molecule volume (MV) etc. of 54 steroid analogues, which are analogous of substrate molecules, 5$\alpha$-androst-16-en-3-one (P1) and 5$\alpha$-androst-16-en-3-ol (P2) of lipocalin as receptor of pig pheromones were calculated and discussed. The physicochemical properties of these steroid analogues were mainly followed by steric dissimilar of A and D ring in steroid nucleus. And we found that from correlation with S values and MV constants of molecules, the more MV constants are small, the more S values tend to approach 1. Based on this results, the S-values of 4-androsten-3,17-dione (P1-1) and 5 $\alpha$ -androstan-3-one (P2-1) were 1.0, respectively. The two compounds of them were chosen because they showed the same value each other at a side of hydrophobicity, molar refractivity and molecular volume. It is expected that the new two compounds will be able to substitute for P1 and P2, porcine pheromonal odorants.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1672-1677
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• 2006

Sarcodon aspratus is the mushroom of Telephoracea which was been classified into Alphllophorales. The aqueous extract of Sarcodon aspratus in known to have anti-tumor activity, immune modulatory effect, and anti-oxidative action. The descending pain control system consists of three major components: the periaqueductal gray (PAG) of the midbrain, the rostroventral medulla including the nucleus raphe magnus, and the spinal dorsal horn. Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Glutamate ionotropic receptors are classified as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, ${\alpha}$-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptor, and kainate receptor. In the present study, the modulation of Sarcodon aspratus on the ion currents activated by glutamate, NMDA, AMPA, and kainate in the acutely dissociated PAG neurons was investigated by nystatin-perforated patch-clamp technique under boltage-clamp condition. Sarcodon aspratus increased glutamate- and NMDA-induced ion currents were not increased by Sarcodon aspratus. The present results show that Sarcodon aspratus may activate the descending pain control system in rat PAG neurons through NMDA receptor.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1311-1316
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• 2013

hnRNP L은 pre-mRNA에 결합하는 단백질들 중에서 핵심이 되는 단백질이다. hnRNP L은 양이 아주 많은 핵 단백질로서 핵과 세포질을 왕복하는 특성을 지니고 있다. 이 단백질은 염색질 변형(chromatin modification), pre-mRNA 스플라이싱, 인트론이 없는 유전자들에서 유래한 mRNA들의 세포질로의 반출(export), IRES-매개성 번역, mRNA의 안정성 조절, 정자형성과정 등, 세포 내의 여러 가지 과정에 관여하고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 논문에서는 hnRNP L과 결합하는 세포 내 단백질을 찾아내기 위하여 사람의 간세포 cDNA library를 사용하여 이스트 two-hybrid 탐색 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 사람의 간세포에서 IGFBP-4가 hnRNP L과 상호결합하는 새로운 파트너라는 것을 발견하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 hnRNP L이 이스트 two-hybrid 시스템에서 IGFBP-4와 특이적으로 상호 결합한다는 것을 처음으로 발견하였다. 본 연구에서는 또한 이스트 two-hybrid 시스템에서 hnRNP L이 IGFBP-4와 상호결합한다는 점을 in vitro pull-down 실험을 통하여 재확인하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2022

Background: Methamphetamine (METH) is the most widely used psychostimulant and has been known to exhibit reinforcing effects even after long abstinence. We showed the inhibitory effect of Korean Red Ginseng extract (RGE) on METH-induced addictive behaviors in animal models mimicking the human drug-use pattern. Methods: We first investigated the effect of RGE on the acquisition of METH-induced dependence using self-administration and conditioned place preference (CPP) tests. Additionally, further experiments such as METH-induced motivational behavior and seeking behavior were conducted. To study the underlying mechanism, dopamine receptor, dopamine transporter, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor were assessed through Western blot analysis. Results: Treatment with RGE significantly reduced METH-induced self-administration on a fixed-ratio 1 schedule of reinforcement. It could be also decreased a progressive ratio schedule, and inhibited METH-primed reinstatement. In CPP, RGE significantly prevented the development of METH-induced CPP. Moreover, RGE not only shortened the withdrawal period clearly, but also prevented the reinstatement of CPP. RGE treatment also reversed METH-induced overexpression of dopamine transporter, dopamine receptor D1, and NMDA receptor in the nucleus accumbens. Conclusion: Our findings reflect that RGE has therapeutic potential to suppress METH-induced addictive behaviors by regulating dopaminergic and NMDAergic system.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2004

개인용 컴퓨터 보급이 일반화되면서 기업체 또는 공공기관 등의 전산 정보체계도 중앙 Host 중심에서 PC중심의 전산체계로 정착되어가고 있는 추세이다. 그러나 이러한 정보처리 시스템의 중심이 되는 PC는 누구나 쉽게 조작할 수 있다는 용이성에 의해 외부인의 무단 자료 유출 가능성은 항상 내재하고 있으며 자료 보관을 목적으로 하는 보조기억매체에 의한 자료 유출 가능성은 더욱 가중되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 주요 데이터의 손실 또는 외부 유출을 최소화하는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 데이터 파일의 최종 보호수단은 데이터 자체를 암호화하여 보관하는 것이라는 점에 착안하여 PC와 보조기억매체에 수록되는 데이터의 보호를 위한 암호시스템을 구현하였다. 암호화/복호화 기법은 단일기법만으로 구현하는 것보다는 충분한 보안수준을 유지하기 위해서 Diffie-Hellman키 교환 프로토콜과 스트림 암호중 대표적인 PC4(Rivest Cipher version 4)와 해쉬 함수의 대표적인 MD5(Message Digest version 5)를 복합적으로 적용하였다. 이상과 같이 구현된 암호시스템에 대한 평가분석으로써 암호복합도 측정, 처리속도 및 패턴매칭 분석을 해본 결과 안전성, 효율성, 유용성 면에서 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었다. 본 암호시스템은 Microsoft사의 Visual C++로 구현된 소프트웨어시스템으로 Winndows상의 모든 PC에서 사용 가능한 범용성이 있는 시스템이므로, 최소한의 비용으로 모든 PC에 대한 보안대책을 구현할 수 있다고 생각된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.585-592
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• 2015

이 연구의 목적은 척추 추간판 융해제인 카이모파파인을 나노캐리어 시스템에 충진시켜 주입시, 추간판내 약제의 확산범위가 감소하는지 평가하기 위한 것이다. 총 3주간 시행된 실험의 재료로는 두 개의 카데바에서 채취된 열다섯 개의 척추 추간판이 쓰였고, 이들은 주입되는 카이모파파인의 종류에 따라 일반 카이모파파인 그룹과 나노캐리어 시스템 그룹으로 나뉘었다. 나노캐리어 시스템 그룹은 다시 그 기반재료가 되는 플루로닉의 종류에 따라 플루로닉 F 127(DA-PF 127) 나노캐리어 그룹과 플루로닉 F 68(DA-PF 68) 나노캐리어 그룹으로 나뉘었다. 실험결과 나노캐리어 시스템을 사용한 그룹은 일반 카이모파파인 그룹에 비해, 척추 추간판 내부로 주입되었을 때, 주입지점에서 멀리 확산되지 않고 국소적으로 작용하는 특성을 보였다(p<0.01). 이러한 특성은 향후 추간판 내 병소만을 선택적으로 제거하는 최소침습적 척추시술의 기반약제로 응용될 가능성을 제시해준다.