• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.317-324
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• 2013

Twitter sentiment analysis is to classify a tweet (message) into positive and negative sentiment class. This study deals with SentiWordNet(SWN)-based twitter sentiment analysis. SWN is a sentiment dictionary in which each sense of an English word has a positive and negative sentimental strength. There has been a variety of SWN-based sentiment feature extraction methods which typically first determine the sentiment orientation (SO) of a term in a document and then decide SO of the document from such terms' SO values. For example, for SO of a term, some calculated the maximum or average of sentiment scores of its senses, and others computed the average of the difference of positive and negative sentiment scores. For SO of a document, many researchers employ the maximum or average of terms' SO values. In addition, the above procedure may be applied to the whole set (adjective, adverb, noun, and verb) of parts-of-speech or its subset. This work provides a comparative study on SWN-based sentiment feature extraction schemes with performance evaluation on a well-known twitter dataset.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.651-659
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• 2014

With the popularization of big data environment, big data have been highlighted as a key information strategy to establish national spatial data infrastructure for a scientific land policy and the extension of the creative economy. Especially interesting from our point of view is the cadastral information is a core national information source that forms the basis of spatial information that leads to people's daily life including the production and consumption of information related to real estate. The purpose of our paper is to suggest the scheme of big data analytics with respect to the articles of cadastral resurvey project in order to approach cadastral information in terms of spatial data integration. As specific research method, the TM (Text Mining) package from R was used to read various formats of news reports as texts, and nouns were extracted by using the KoNLP package. That is, we searched the main keywords regarding cadastral resurvey, performing extraction of compound noun and data mining analysis. And visualization of the results was presented. In addition, new reports related to cadastral resurvey between 2012 and 2014 were searched in newspapers, and nouns were extracted from the searched data for the data mining analysis of cadastral information. Furthermore, the approval rating, reliability, and improvement of rules were presented through correlation analyses among the extracted compound nouns. As a result of the correlation analysis among the most frequently used ones of the extracted nouns, five groups of data consisting of 133 keywords were generated. The most frequently appeared words were "cadastral resurvey," "civil complaint," "dispute," "cadastral survey," "lawsuit," "settlement," "mediation," "discrepant land," and "parcel." In Conclusions, the cadastral resurvey performed in some local governments has been proceeding smoothly as positive results. On the other hands, disputes from owner of land have been provoking a stream of complaints from parcel surveying for the cadastral resurvey. Through such keyword analysis, various public opinion and the types of civil complaints related to the cadastral resurvey project can be identified to prevent them through pre-emptive responses for direct call centre on the cadastral surveying, Electronic civil service and customer counseling, and high quality services about cadastral information can be provided. This study, therefore, provides a stepping stones for developing an account of big data analytics which is able to comprehensively examine and visualize a variety of news report and opinions in cadastral resurvey project promotion. Henceforth, this will contribute to establish the foundation for a framework of the information utilization, enabling scientific decision making with speediness and correctness.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.185-205
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• 2013

In this study, to begin with, it was discussed to gather vocabularies which are expected to be vocabularies related to four fundamental rules of arithmetic and classify them according to kinds and groups, to demarcate vocabularies related to four fundamental rules of arithmetic for using in elementary school mathematics which are associated with addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division directly. Next, the basic vocabularies related to four fundamental rules of arithmetic were discussed. At this time, regarding vocabularies related addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division as coming from the verb add, subtract, multiply, divide respectively, vocabularies that contains the stem of each verb were considered as the basic vocabularies related to four fundamental rules of arithmetics. Following it, vocabularies which assist the operation and indicate the result of the operation were included, then, vocabularies related to four fundamental rules of arithmetic for using in elementary school mathematics were demarcated and presented according to the following criteria. First, a newly coined verb or derivative using the noun form of a certain verb as a root should not be used. Second, such vocabularies of which examples do not exist or rarely exist in textbooks/workbooks should not be used, even though they are registered in mathematics glossary book published by ministry of education or Korean dictionary published by the national institute of Korean language. Third, vocabularies which are not replaceable and vocabularies which have some didactical reasons for using them should be used.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2020

From PC communication to the development of the internet, a new term has been coined on the social media, and the social media culture has been formed due to the spread of smart phones, and the newly coined word is becoming a culture. With the advent of social networking sites and smart phones serving as a bridge, the number of data has increased in real time. The use of new words can have many advantages, including the use of short sentences to solve the problems of various letter-limited messengers and reduce data. However, new words do not have a dictionary meaning and there are limitations and degradation of algorithms such as data mining. Therefore, in this paper, the opinion of the document is confirmed by collecting data through web crawling and extracting new words contained within the text data and establishing an emotional classification. The progress of the experiment is divided into three categories. First, a word collected by collecting a new word on the social media is subjected to learned of affirmative and negative. Next, to derive and verify emotional values using standard documents, TF-IDF is used to score noun sensibilities to enter the emotional values of the data. As with the new words, the classified emotional values are applied to verify that the emotions are classified in standard language documents. Finally, a combination of the newly coined words and standard emotional values is used to perform a comparative analysis of the technology of the instrument.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.688-698
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• 2001

A homonym could be disambiguated by anther words in the context such as nouns, predicates used with the homonym. This paper proposes a homonym disambiguation system based on statistical semantic information which is extracted from definitions in dictionary. The semantic information consists of nouns and predicates that are used with the homonym in definitions. In order to extract accurate semantic information, definitions are used with the homonym in definitions. In order to extract accurate semantic information, definitions are classified into two types. One has hyponym-hypernym relation between title word and head word (homonym) in definition. The hyponym-hypernym relation is one level semantic hierarchy and can be extended to deeper levels in order to overcome the problem of data sparseness. The other is the case that the homonym is used in the middle of definition. The system considers nouns and predicates simultaneously to disambiguate the homonym. Nine homonyms are examined in order to determine the weight of nouns and predicates which affect accrutacy of homonym disambiguation. From experiments using training corpus(definitions in dictionary), the average accruracy of homonym disamguation is 96.11% when the weight is 0.9 and 0.1 for noun and verb respectively. And another experiment to meaure the generality of the homonym disambiguation system results in the 80.73% average accuracy to 1,796 untraining sentences from Korean Information Base I and ETRI corpus.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.155-193
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• 2012

From the part "歷代醫學姓氏(Historic Doctors)" in "醫林撮要(Uirimchualyo)", the following has been noticed and concluded. 1. Because acupuncture was originated from stony needle, the word "石(sok)" contains the meaning of needle, and from this point on, words like 石(sok), 砭石(pyumsok), 箴石(Jamsok), 鑱石(Chamsok) had been derived. 2. The word 砭石(pyumsok) used in "Hwangjenaekyong(Yellow Emperor's Canon of Medicine or Hwangdineijing)" should be interpreted as acupuncture in a verb form, not a noun form. 3. 鑱石(Chamsok) or 鑱鍼(Chamchim) was used for surgical treatment for tumor, by cutting open tumors and pressing the pus out. Therefore, 砭石(pyumsok), 鑱石(Chamsok) are the same kind of needles, and 鑱鍼(Chamchim) is the tool improved from 鑱石(Chamsok) used in the Bronze Age. 4. Kwakpak put a note on 鑱石(Chamsok) in "山海經(Sanhaekyong)" that reads "it is defined as 砥鍼(Jichim) and treats tumor." This let us know the shape of 石(sok), 砭石(pyumsok), 鑱(Chamsok), 鑱鍼(Chamchim), and the stone that can be used as a surgical tool with slim & sharp shape is obsidian. 5. Because obsidian is only found around Mt. Baekdu and limited area in South Korea & Japan in Asia, it is closely related with the life & medical environment of the tribe "Mt. Baekdu". 6. The development of 鑱鍼(Chamchim) was influenced by surgical treatment used in early stage of civilization, and its origin is traced upto Gochosun dynasty. Korea's own traditional medical knowledge is derived from this surgical treatment skill. 7. Because the acupuncture is originated from Gochosun dynasty, 鍼(chim) was derived from 箴(Jam) of 箴石(Jamsok), 䥠(Chim) & 䥠(Chim) both were used for a time being, and finally settled into 鍼(Chim). 8. The word 針(Chim) showed up at Myung dynasty, and started to be used in Korea from early Chosun dynasty. 9. In the early Chosun dynasty, 鍼(Chim) was used for medical term, and 針(Chim) for non-medical term. In the mid Chosun dynasty, 針(Chim) was used as a term for tool, and 鍼(Chim) as a term for acupunctural medical treatment. 10. Under the order of King Sunjo, Dr. Yesoo Yang published "醫林撮要(Uirimchualyo)", added "醫林撮要續集(Sequel to Uirimchualyo)", and added "歷代醫學姓氏(Historic Doctors)" again which eventually made totally 13 books of "醫林撮要(Uirimchualyo)". In addition, many parts of "醫林撮要續集(Sequel to Uirimchualyo)" were quoted in "東醫寶鑑(Donguibogam)", and influenced much in publishing "Donguibogam". 11. In "歷代醫學姓氏(Historic Doctors)" of "醫林撮要(Uirimchualyo)", the same way in "Donguibogam", referred to 針(Chim) as a term for a needle, and 鍼(Chim) as a term for Acupuncture. 12. From the usage of 針(Chim) & 鍼(Chim), shown in "鄕藥集成方(Hyangyakjipsungbang)", "醫林撮要(Uirimchualyo)" and "東醫寶鑑(Donguibogam)", we can notice the spirit of doctors who tried to take over the legitimacy of Korean tradition, and their elaboration & historical view that expresses confidence on our own medical technology, through the wording 鍼(Chim).

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2013

Developing English-Korean machine translation system requires the construction of information about the languages, and the amount of information in English-Korean transfer dictionary is especially critical to the translation quality. Newly created words are out-of-vocabulary words and they appear as they are in the translated sentence, which decreases the translation quality. Also, compound nouns make lexical and syntactic analysis complex and it is difficult to accurately translate compound nouns due to the lack of information in the transfer dictionary. In order to improve the translation quality of English-Korean machine translation, we must continuously expand the information of the English-Korean transfer dictionary by collecting the out-of-vocabulary words and the compound nouns frequently used. This paper proposes a method for expanding of the transfer dictionary, which consists of constructing corpus from internet newspapers, extracting the words which are not in the existing dictionary and the frequently used compound nouns, attaching meaning to the extracted words, and integrating with the transfer dictionary. We also develop the tool supporting the expansion of the transfer dictionary. The expansion of the dictionary information is critical to improving the machine translation system but requires much human efforts. The developed tool can be useful for continuously expanding the transfer dictionary, and so it is expected to contribute to enhancing the translation quality.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.25
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• pp.483-527
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• 2011

The main focus of this dissertation is the comparative research of Korean and Chinese adjectives. With the comparison and contrast of the concepts, features and usages of Korean and Chinese adjectives, we have concluded some similarities and differences. The aim is to help Chinese learners who study Korean better understand the features of Korean adjectives and use them more easily. Korean belongs to 阿?泰?族 and expresses meanings with pronunciation; however, Chinese belongs to ?藏?族 and expresses meanings with characters. There are many similarities between those two languages that look completely different, such as pronunciation and grammar at some extent. Even the Chinese words in Korean are quite similar to Chinese. However, the two languages are very different from each other, from the detailed grammatical view. For instance, the auxiliary word in Korean and Chinese is completely different. Then, Korean has a concept: ?尾that does not exist in Chinese at all. Especially, about categories of words, it is very important and difficult to distinguish adjective and verb for the Chinese Korean-learners. One reason of the challenge is that some Korean adjectives are categorized as verbs in Chinese. For example, "like", "dislike", "fear" in Korean are "psychological adjective" however, they are "psychological verb" in Chinese. The differences in categorization always mislead learners in understanding whole articles. At the same time, they cause more problems and difficulties in learning other grammatical items for Chinese Korean-learners. Based on that, the dissertation is helpful for Chinese learners who are studying Korean. Starting from the most basic concepts, the second chapter focuses on analyzing the similarities and differences between Korean and Chinese adjectives. The correct understanding of adjective is the basis of accurate learning of it. With the comparison of concepts and primary comprehension of adjective, the third chapter analyzes in detail about the features of Korean and Chinese adjective from grammar and meaning. Based on those features, we analyze the detailed usages of Korean and Chinese adjective in articles; especially we provide the detailed explanations of adjective changes in different tense and ?尾 changes in using with noun and verb. The fourth chapter emphasizes the similarities and differences of adjective meanings in Korean and Chinese. We have provided the comparative analyses from six different views, which could be helpful for Chinese Korean-learners. Until now, there are few comparative studies of Korean and Chinese adjectives. About this dissertation, some limitations also exist in such an area. However, we hope it could provide some help for Chinese Korean-learners, and more profound research will be developed in the future.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.49
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• pp.95-126
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to compare learners' academic texts with academic texts of native speakers and to examine the usage patterns of learners' objectification strategies in detail. In order to achieve objectivity as a discourse mechanism applied to describe the results of academic inquiry in a scientific way with universality and validity, we analyzed concepts and signs such as related intentionality, accuracy, and mitigation of the linguistic markers of objectification strategies. As a result of the comparison, it was analyzed that there are intersectional overlaps with the signs that reveal objectivity, signs indicating related mechanisms, and there is a different set that is differentiated. Objective markers can be broadly classified as emphasizing stativity of research results, separating research subjects from research results, and generalizing research contents. Sustainable expressions and noun phrases emphasize statehood, and non-inhabited expressions, passive expressions, and self-quotations are maintained in the distance between the claimant and the writer, and the pluralization through first-person pronouns and suffixes contributes to generalization. In the case of the learner, the non-inhuman expression of the quotation type appears to be very less compared to the maw speaker, which could be due to the lack of recognition of the citation method of the Korean academic text. Next, in the generalization of the research contents, the expression of 'we' was very less compared to the maw speakers.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.43
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• pp.327-354
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• 2016

Rimbaud's prose poem, Barbare in Illuminations, is known for its abstruseness with regard to forms, themes, metaphors. This paper first analyzes the poem's grammatical structure to make sense of such an inscrutable piece of work, then discusses its autotextuality in order to decipher its meaning by comparison with Rimbaud's other works. Autotextuality, a method of literary interpretation of Rimbaud's prose poem presented by Steve Murphy, refers to the intertextuality between the author's works. Despite some previous researches focusing on the intertextuality of Barbare, previous authors have failed not only to find its meaning but also to determine its significance. The abstruseness of Rimbaud's Barbare is sometimes considered an example of the meaningless of Rimbaud's work. However, examining the textual structure and the autotextuality builds meaning, rather than rendering the work meaningless. Barbare which consists entirely of noun phrases and metaphors means destruction, fusion and the pure power of regeneration in the original context of Rimbaud's work. This poem is Rimbaud's answer to Baudelaire's poetic question, Any of where out of World, and presents a strange scenery that uses 'the eternal female voice' to reach the Vulcan in the North Pole. Interpretation of Barbare could provide a methodology for reading the difficult Illuminations. The kind of analyses used are, for example, analysis of the text, analysis of verbal indicators, autotextuality, and an understanding of the joy and the solitude in the silence of the poem. Understanding Barbare may provide a method of interpreting the abstruseness of Illuminations. Through this approach, we can connect and combine every fragment of the Illuminations, so that we can reconstruct the story and the adventure contained therein.