• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1988

In Graves' disease, changes in orbital tissue and structure are casued by inflammatory infiltation, which induces increase of capillary permeability and breakdown of blood-tissue barriers. Using the uptake of $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ in inflammatory lesion, Eye/Brain radioactivity ratios in brain scintigraphy were evaluated in 15 normal controls and 40 Graves' patients. The results were as follows; 1) Eye/Brain radioactivity ratio was significantly higher in Graves' ophthalmopthy group than in control group (p < 0.005). 2) In Graves' ophthalmopathy, Eye/Brain radioactivity ratio was significantly higher in active (progressive) group than in inactive (non-progressive) group (p < 0.05). 3) There was no correlation between class of ATA classification of Graves' ophthalmopathy and Eye/Brain radioactivity ratio. 4) There was no correlation between Eye/Brain radioactivity ratio and serum activity of TBII. In conclusion, Eye/Brain radioactivity ratio using $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ brain scintigraphy may be useful to determine the activity of Graves' ophthalmopathy and whether treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy is necessary or not.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to measure the improvement of balanced ability and rapid response of 30 healthy adults by performing dynamic stretching, static stretching, and sargent jump. Methods: The sample 30 peoples without any musculoskeletal disease who volunteered to be the subject of the study. We measured all subjects on following metrics to evaluate the function and stability under the normal condition, with dynamic stretching (DS) group, static stretching (SS) group: vertical jump height and reaching distance Anterior, Posteromedial, Posterolateral and NO (Normal eye open), NC (Normal eye close), PO (Pillow with eye open), and PC (Pillow with close eye) were evaluated. All measures were analyzed using independent t-test and One-way repeated Anova. Results: There was a significant increase in SJH (Sargent jump) in both groups (p<0.05). In Y-balance test, there was a significant increase in both groups except for the ANT (Anterior) direction, and there was a significant increase only in the SS group in the ANT (Anterior) direction (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the DS group and the SS group (p>0.05). There was no significant improvement in ST (Stability Index) and WDI (Weight Distribution Index) in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both DS and SS showed significant improvement in SJH and Y-balance tests, which are dynamic functions, but had no significant effect on static balance ability.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2007

Purpose: This study examined whether or not the balance performing ability of the disabled (blindness and deafness) is lower than normal people. Chronometry was used to compare the balance maintaining ability of blind and deaf subjects with that of normal subjects under the same conditions. Methods: In this study, balance foam, eye bandage, earplugs and headphones were used. The balance foam used in this study is smooth with slight elasticity and a convex upper side, 60cm wide, 15cm long and 9cm high. The eye bandage was used to artificially block the sight of the normal subjects, and the earplugs and headphones to block their hearing. Results: The mean time of the normal subjects standing with their eyes open, blindfolded and wearing ear plugs was 26.7, 19.8 and 28.7sec, respectively. The mean standing maintaining time for the blind and deaf subjects was 12.5 sec and 24.1 sec, respectively. The t-test result of the calculated mean time showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the normal subjects and the normal subjects with their hearing blocked but there was a significant difference between the normal subjects with their hearing blocked and the deaf subjects (p>0.05). Conclusion: There was significance between the normal subjects and the normal subjects with their eyes blocked but there was no significant difference between the normal subjects with their eyes blocked and the blind subjects. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the deaf and the normal subjects, which corresponds to the report showing that sight has a significant influence on balance.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2008

목적: 단안 과교정 및 저교정으로 유발된 부동시에서 정상적인 양안시기능을 유지하기 위해 필요한 최소한의 교정도수를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 안질환의 병력이 없는 20대의 성인 남녀를 대상으로 우위안 및 비우위안에 각각 과교정 및 저교정으로 부동시를 유발한 후 40 cm의 근거리에서 Titmus-fly stereotest 시표로 입체시를 측정하였다. 결과: 우위안 또는 비우위안에 구면렌즈를 부가하여 부동시를 유발한 경우, 가입도수의 증가에 따라 입체시는 감소하였으며 특히 (+)구면렌즈 가입에 따른 최초의 입체시 감소는 (-)구면렌즈 가입에 의한 입체시 감소보다 현저하였다. 또한 우위안에 유발시킨 부동시의 경우가 비우위안에 유발시킨 부동시보다 입체시 감소의 정도가 두드러졌다. 결론: 유발된 부동시에서 입체시는 비우위안을 완전교정하고 우위안에 (+)구면렌즈 도수를 증가시킬수록 두드러지게 감소하였다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.159-175
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• 1991

This study was carried out with 2,195 boy and girl middle school students in Inchon to examine environmental elements which may change vision and cause shortsightedness, and also to find out common knowledge of eye health. Its results are as follows. 1) As school year goes up, the normal eye sighted diminish but the visually handicapped regardless of left and right eyes increase. 2) Among weak sighted students below 0.9, boys are 42.2% and girls are 55.3%, the latter are larger by 13.1 %. Vision weakens rapidly especially for third year girl students. 3) Environmental, individual, everyday life elements which cause shortsightedness are studied, (1) environmental elements; illumination in watching TV and studying (2) individual elements; distance from TV and books, posture in studying (3) everyday life elements; hour of watching TV, hour of using game tools average, hour of studying 4) Knowledge of eye health is generally poor without regard to sex and wearing glasses. So adolescent students are in advance educated proper eye care to prevent shortsighted elements.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1081-1090
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• 2001

This study was conducted to find out effect of dynamic balance performance in normal adult when obscuring vision in half of the both eye and to prepare the basic data treatment of brain damage patient with visual field deficit. The subject for this study included 40 healthy right-handed and 20 left-handed were dynamic balance performance when obscuring vision in half of the both eye. who age from 20 to 30 years in normal adult without neurosurgical orthopedic, performance balance disability or other medical disorders. Of these individuals 20 right-handed and 20 left-handed were executed dynamic balance performance when obscuring vision in half of the both eye. individuals of right, left-handed were executed dynamic performance when obscuring vision in half of the both eye measure with a Balance Performance Monitor (BPM) Data print Software Version 5.3. In other to determine the statitsical significance of the result, instrumentation was used to t-test, chisquare of the SAS(Strategic Application Software) The result of the study were that: 1) Significant differences in LOS were found right-handed and left-handed subject when dynamic performance without obscuring vision and obscuring vision(p<0.05). 2) Significant differences in LOS were founded left-handed when dynamic performance were executed obscuring vision and without obscuring vision(p<0.05). 3) Significant differences in LOS were founded right-handed when dynamic performance were executed obscuring vision and without obscuring vision(p<0.05).

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2019

Purpose: The advantages of ocular proton therapy are that it spares the optic nerve and delivers the minimal dose to normal surrounding tissues. In this study, it developed a solid eye phantom that enabled us to perform quality assurance (QA) to verify the dose and beam range for passive single scattering proton therapy using a single phantom. For this purpose, a new solid eye phantom with a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) wedge was developed using film dosimetry and an ionization chamber. Methods: The typical beam shape used for eye treatment is approximately 3 cm in diameter and the beam range is below 5 cm. Since proton therapy has a problem with beam range uncertainty due to differences in the stopping power of normal tissue, bone, air, etc, the beam range should be confirmed before treatment. A film can be placed on the slope of the phantom to evaluate the Spread-out Bragg Peak based on the water equivalent thickness value of PMMA on the film. In addition, an ionization chamber (Pin-point, PTW 31014) can be inserted into a hole in the phantom to measure the absolute dose. Results: The eye phantom was used for independent patient-specific QA. The differences in the output and beam range between the measurement and the planned treatment were less than 1.5% and 0.1 cm, respectively. Conclusions: An eye phantom was developed and the performance was successfully validated. The phantom can be employed to verify the output and beam range for ocular proton therapy.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 입력 얼굴 영상에서 눈의 윤곽선과 눈동자 영역을 추출하여 시선을 추정하는 시스템을 설계 및 구현한다. 눈 윤곽선과 눈동자 영역을 효율적으로 추출하기 위하여 먼저 입력 영상으로부터 얼굴 영역을 추출한다. 얼굴 영역 추출을 위하여 아시아인 얼굴 영상 셋을 확보하여 아시아인 피부색에 대한 YCbCr 범위를 사전에 정의하였고, 정의된 피부색 범위값에 따라 피부영역을 검출한다. 최대크기 피부 영역을 얼굴후보 영역으로 지정하고 검출된 얼굴 후보영역에 대한 상위 50%의 관심 영역 내에서 눈윤곽선과 색상 특성 분석을 이용한 눈 영역 검출 알고리즘을 수행하여 기존의 Haar-like feature 특성기반 눈 영역 검출방법에 비해 타이트한 눈 영역을 검출한다. 눈의 윤곽선을 포함하는 관심영역 전체를 기준으로 눈 영역을 3등분하고, 추출된 눈동자의 위치가 3등분된 영역에서 어느 영역에 중점적으로 위치하고 있는지를 분석하여 좌, 우, 정면 시선 방향을 추정한다. 본 연구에서는 20명의 실험자에 대한 5,616 장의 테스트 영상을 이용한 시선방향 추정 실험에서 약 91%의 정확도를 획득한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2008

고유수용성 신경근 촉진법의 통합 패턴이 정적 균형에 미치는지, 여자 대학생 20명을 대상으로 6주간 실험하였다. 고유수용성 통합패턴은 Dietz에 의해 고안된 스프린터와 스케이트 패턴을 이용하였으며, 훈련은 주3회 일 1회 실시하였다. Good Balance system을 이용하여 정상적인 기립자세, 눈을 감고 한발 들고 좌,우 기립자세, 눈을 뜨고 한발 들고 좌,우 기립자세에서 X축 속도, Y축 속도와 속도 모멘트 3항목의 변수를 측정한 결과 눈뜨고 서기자세, 눈감고 서기자세, 눈감고 우측외발서기 자세에서 X, Y 축의 평균 속도, 압력중심의 속도 모멘트 영역 모두에서 운동 전 후 감소하여 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소하였으며, 눈뜨고 좌측외발서기 자세에서는 X축의 평균 속도만 운동 전 후 감소하여 통계학적으로 감소하였다. 이 러한 결과 고유수용성 신경근 촉진법의 통합패턴이 정적 균형 능력에 영향을 미치며, 향후 본 연구의 운동방법을 임상에서 환자에게 적용할 수 있도록 더 쉽고, 다양한 형태의 기술이 포함된 연구가 진행 되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.296-303
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• 2022

Objective: In general, macular degeneration, cataracts and glaucoma generally cause visual injury in clinical settings. This study aimed to examine the effects of low visual acuity simulations on hand manual dexterity function and brainwaves in healthy young adults. Design: Cross-sectional study design Methods: This study was an observational, cross-sectional study. Seventy healthy young adults participated in this study. To evaluate the effects of low visual acuity simulations on hand function and brain waves, this study involved four different visual conditions including (1) normal vision, (2) simulated cataracts, (3) simulated glaucoma, and (4) simulated macular degeneration. The hand function was measured to use the Minnesota manual dexterity test (MMDT), and the brainwaves was also measured to use the electroencephalography. Results: In hand function, placing and turning performance on the MMDT in the normal visual condition was significantly different than that in the cataract and macular degeneration conditions (p<0.05), and the placing performance was significantly differred in the normal condition than that in the simulated glaucoma. However, turning was not significantly different in the normal condition than that in the simulated glaucoma. The alpha, beta, and gamma waves did not significantly differ among the four visual conditions (p>0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that limited visual information negatively affects the ability to perform tasks requiring arm-hand dexterity and eye-hand coordination. However, the effectiveness of low visual acuity on the brainwaves should be further studied for rehabilitative evidence of visual impairment.