• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.366-375
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• 2016

This paper describes an algorithm to suppress composite noise in a two-microphone speech enhancement system for robust hands-free speech communication. The proposed algorithm has four stages. The first stage estimates the power spectral density of the residual stationary noise, which is based on the detection of nonstationary signal-dominant time-frequency bins (TFBs) at the generalized sidelobe canceller output. Second, speech-dominant TFBs are identified among the previously detected nonstationary signal-dominant TFBs, and power spectral densities of speech and residual nonstationary noise are estimated. In the final stage, the bin-wise output signal-to-noise ratio is obtained with these power estimates and a Wiener post-filter is constructed to attenuate the residual noise. Compared to the conventional beamforming and post-filter algorithms, the proposed speech enhancement algorithm shows significant performance improvement in terms of perceptual evaluation of speech quality.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2002

A time domain method for solving nonstationary random vibration caused by vehicle acceleration is first proposed in which a time changing model is established for representing nonstationary excitation of a rough road. Furthermore a novel frequency domain method called the transient power spectral density with spatial frequency (TPSD) is presented to obtain a response of vehicle system in frequency domain. This method has been proved to be valid by comparing numerical results with the exact solution.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.67-90
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• 1998

In this paper we analytically study model misspecification that arises in regression analysis of nonstationary seasonal time series. We assume the underlying data generating process is a seasonally or a regularly and seasonally integrated process. We first study consequences of totally misspecified cases where seasonal indicator variables, a linear time trend, or another statistically independent seasonally integrated process are used as predictor variables in order to model the nonstationary seasonal behavior of the dependent variable. Then we study consequences of partially misspecified cases where the dependent variable and a predictor variable are cointegrated at some, but not all of the frequencies corresponding to the nonstationary roots.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회논문집; 경주코오롱호텔; 22-23 May 1997
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• pp.60-68
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• 1997

The motion of an aircraft landing gear over rough runway at variable speed is nonstationary. In this paper a method for the computation of nonstationary response variance is presented which uses a state space form for the combination of landing gear and runway excitation. The dynamic characteristics of the landing gear under nonstationary random excitations has also been analyzed using the proposed method. The formulation is for linear systems of arbitrary order and allows any deterministic velocity history. It has been found by a series of simulation that correlation parameter, damping coefficients of landing gear and tire, and velocity profiles plays a prominent role on the dynamic characteristics.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2000

In this paper, nonstationary multiple sampling plans are discussed which are difficult to solve by analytical method when there exists dependency between the sample data. The initial solution is found by the sequential sampling plan using the sequential probability ration test. The number of acceptance and rejection in each step of the multiple sampling plan are found by grouping the sequential sampling plan's solution initially. The optimal multiple sampling plans are found by simulation. Four search methods are developed U and the optimum sampling plans satisfying the Type I and Type ll error probabilities. The performance of the sampling plans is measured and their algorithms are also shown. To consider the nonstationary property of the dependent sampling plan, simulation method is used for finding the lot rejection and acceptance probability function. As a numerical example Markov chain model is inspected. Effects of the dependency factor and search methods are compared to analyze the sampling results by changing their parameters.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.15-15
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• 2016

In South Korea, annual maximum precipitation often occurs in association with mature typhoons in the western Pacific and from summer monsoon rains. In addition, certain years have no significant typhoon activity. Therefore, the characteristics of frequency distributions differ between extreme typhoons and monsoon events. Those extremes are also influenced from climate conditions in a different way. Application of nonstationary frequency analysis to the AMP data combined with typhoon and monsoon events might not always be reasonable. Therefore, we propose a novel approach of nonstationary frequency analysis to integrate extreme events of AMP induced from two main sources such as typhoons and monsoon in the current study. In this way, we were able to model the nonstationarity of extreme events from tropical storms and monsoon separately.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.278-287
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• 2003

영상에 포함된 잡음은 영상의 화질 및 압축효율을 저하시킨다. 이러한 잡음을 영상의 에지 성분을 보존하면서 제거하기 위해 다양한 비정적(nonstationary) 영상 모델에 근거한 잡음제거 알고리듬이 제안되었다. 하지만, 기존의 비정적 영상 모델에서는 연산량의 부담을 덜기 위해 각 화소들 사이에 상관관계(correlation)가 없다고 가정하여 영상의 미세한 정보들이 필터링에 의하여 훼손된다. 본 논문에서는 영상의 비정적 상관관계를 고려하면서도 계산적으로 효율적인 적응적 잡음제거 알고리듬을 제안한다. 이를 위해 영상신호는 비정적 평균을 가지며, 각기 다른 형태의 정적(stationary) 상관관계를 가지는 부분 영상으로 분리된다고 가정된다. 제안된 영상 모델에서 유도되는 공분산(covariance) 행렬의 특수한 구조를 이용하여 계산적으로 효율적인 FFT에 기반한 적응적 선형최소자승오차 필터를 유도한다. 제안된 영상 모델의 정당성과 알고리듬의 효율성을 실험적으로 확인한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.709-723
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• 2007

Considering the vast usage of time-history dynamic analyses to calculate structural responses and lack of sufficient and suitable earthquake records, generation of artificial accelerograms is very necessary. The main target of this paper is to present a novel method based on nonstationary Kanai-Tajimi model and wavelet transform to generate more artificial earthquake records, which are compatible with target spectrum. In this regard, the generalized nonstationary Kanai-Tajimi model to include the nonstationary evaluation of amplitude and dominant frequency of ground motion and properties of wavelet transform is used to generate ground acceleration time history. Application of the method for El Centro 1940 earthquake and two Iranian earthquakes (Tabas 1978 and Manjil 1990) is presented. It is shown that the model and identification algorithms are able to accurately capture the nonstationary features of these earthquake accelerograms. The statistical characteristics of the spectral response of the generated accelerograms are compared with those for the actual records to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Also, for comparison of the presented method with other methods, the response spectra of the synthetic accelerograms compared with the models of Fan and Ahmadi (1990) and Rofooei et al. (2001) and it is shown that the response spectra of the synthetic accelerograms with the method of this paper are close to those of actual earthquakes.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.269-285
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• 2020

The statistical characteristics of typhoon wind speed records tend to have a considerable time-varying trend; thus, the stationary wind model may not be appropriate to estimate the wind characteristics of typhoon events. Several nonstationary wind speed models have been proposed by pioneers to characterize wind characteristics more accurately, but comparative studies on the applicability of the different wind models are still lacking. In this study, three landfall typhoons, Ampil, Jongdari, and Rumbia, recorded by ultrasonic anemometers atop the Shanghai World Financial Center (SWFC), are used for the comparative analysis of stationary and nonstationary wind characteristics. The time-varying mean is extracted with the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) method, and the time-varying standard deviation is calculated by the autoregressive moving average generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARMA-GARCH) model. After extracting the time-varying trend, the longitudinal wind characteristics, e.g., the probability distribution, power spectral density (PSD), turbulence integral scale, turbulence intensity, gust factor, and peak factor, are comparatively analyzed based on the stationary wind speed model, time-varying mean wind speed model and time-varying standard deviation wind speed model. The comparative analysis of the different wind models emphasizes the significance of the nonstationary considerations in typhoon events. The time-varying standard deviation model can better identify the similarities among the different typhoons and appropriately describe the nonstationary wind characteristics of the typhoons.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2017

최근 수문자료에서 비정상성 현상들이 관측됨에 따라 비정상성 빈도해석에 관한 연구들이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 시간에 따라 변화하는 통계적 특성을 고려하기 위하여 다양한 형태의 비정상성 확률분포형이 제시되고 있으며, 비정상성 매개변수를 추정할 수 있는 다양한 방법들이 연구되고 있는 추세이다. 본 연구에서는 앙상블 경험적 모드분해법을 이용한 비정상성 Gumbel 분포형의 매개변수 추정방법을 제시하고 기존에 비정상성 매개변수 추정방법으로 주로 사용되어온 최우도법과 비교해보고자 하였다. 국내 자료의 적용을 위하여 기상청 지점의 다양한 지속기간에 대해 경향성이 나타나는 연 최대치 강우자료를 사용하였다. 적용 결과 선형적 경향성을 나타내는 자료에 대해서는 두 가지 방법 모두 적절한 모형을 선정하였으나, 2차 곡선 형태의 경향성이 존재하는 자료에 대해서는 앙상블 경험적 모드분해법의 경우에만 이러한 경향성을 반영하는 비정상성 Gumbel 모형을 선정하였다.