• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.2696-2707
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficiency of various structural modeling schemes for evaluating seismic performances and fragility of the reactor containment building (RCB) structure in the advanced power reactor 1400 (APR1400) nuclear power plant (NPP). Four structural modeling schemes, i.e. lumped-mass stick model (LMSM), solid-based finite element model (Solid FEM), multi-layer shell model (MLSM), and beam-truss model (BTM), are developed to simulate the seismic behaviors of the containment structure. A full three-dimensional finite element model (full 3D FEM) is additionally constructed to verify the previous numerical models. A set of input ground motions with response spectra matching to the US NRC 1.60 design spectrum is generated to perform linear and nonlinear time-history analyses. Floor response spectra (FRS) and floor displacements are obtained at the different elevations of the structure since they are critical outputs for evaluating the seismic vulnerability of RCB and secondary components. The results show that the difference in seismic responses between linear and nonlinear analyses gets larger as an earthquake intensity increases. It is observed that the linear analysis underestimates floor displacements while it overestimates floor accelerations. Moreover, a systematic assessment of the capability and efficiency of each structural model is presented thoroughly. MLSM can be an alternative approach to a full 3D FEM, which is complicated in modeling and extremely time-consuming in dynamic analyses. Specifically, BTM is recommended as the optimal model for evaluating the nonlinear seismic performance of NPP structures. Thereafter, linear and nonlinear BTM are employed in a series of time-history analyses to develop fragility curves of RCB for different damage states. It is shown that the linear analysis underestimates the probability of damage of RCB at a given earthquake intensity when compared to the nonlinear analysis. The nonlinear analysis approach is highly suggested for assessing the vulnerability of NPP structures.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.597-604
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• 2006

The seismic safety of the prestressed concrete containment building was evaluated by the seismic fragility analysis based on the nonlinear dynamic time-history analyses. Four kinds of earthquake ground motions were used for the seismic fragility analysis of the containment building to consider the potential earthquake hazard. The conventional seismic fragility analysis of the safety related structures in nuclear pouter plant have been performed by using the linear elastic analysis results for the seismic design. In this study, the displacement based seismic fragility analysis method was proposed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.3100-3111
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• 2021

Numerical modeling for the safety-related equipment used in a nuclear power plant (i.e., cabinet facilities) plays an essential role in seismic risk assessment. A full finite element model is often time-consuming for nonlinear time history analysis due to its computational modeling complexity. Thus, this study aims to generate a simplified model that can capture the nonlinear behavior of the electrical cabinet. Accordingly, the distributed plasticity approach was utilized to examine the stiffness-degradation effect caused by the local buckling of the structure. The inherent dynamic characteristics of the numerical model were validated against the experimental test. The outcomes indicate that the proposed model can adequately represent the significant behavior of the structure, and it is preferred in practice to perform the nonlinear analysis of the cabinet. Further investigations were carried out to evaluate the seismic behavior of the cabinet under the influence of the constitutive law of material models. Three available models in OpenSees (i.e., linear, bilinear, and Giuffre-Menegotto-Pinto (GMP) model) were considered to provide an enhanced understating of the seismic responses of the cabinet. It was found that the material nonlinearity, which is the function of its smoothness, is the most effective parameter for the structural analysis of the cabinet. Also, it showed that implementing nonlinear models reduces the seismic response of the cabinet considerably in comparison with the linear model.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.293-303
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• 2020

Seismic fragility was assessed for non-seismic reinforced concrete shear walls in Korean high-rise apartment buildings in order to implement an earthquake damage prediction system. Seismic hazard was defined with an earthquake scenario, in which ground motion intensity was varied with respect to prescribed seismic center distances given an earthquake magnitude. Ground motion response spectra were computed using Korean ground motion attenuation equations to match accelerograms. Seismic fragility functions were developed using nonlinear static and dynamic analysis for comparison. Differences in seismic fragility between damage state criteria including inter-story drifts and the performance of individual structural members were investigated. The analyzed building had an exceptionally long period for the fundamental mode in the longitudinal direction and corresponding contribution of higher modes because of a prominently insufficient wall quantity in such direction. The results showed that nonlinear static analyses based on a single mode tend to underestimate structural damage. Moreover, detailed assessments of structural members are recommended for seismic fragility assessment of a relatively low performance level such as collapse prevention. On the other hand, inter-story drift is a more appropriate criterion for a relatively high performance level such as immediate occupancy.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

In order to perform a soil-isolation-structure interaction analysis of seismically isolated nuclear power plant (NPP) structures, the nonlinear behavior of a seismic isolation system may be converted to an equivalent linear model used in frequency domain analysis. Seismic responses for seismically isolated NPP containment structures subjected to a simple artificial acceleration history and different site class earthquakes are evaluated for the equivalent-linear and nonlinear models that have been applied to lead-rubber bearing (LRB) modeling. It can be observed that the maximum displacements of the equivalent linear model are larger than that of the nonlinear model. From the floor response spectrum analysis for the top of NPP containment structures, it can be observed that the spectral acceleration of an equivalent linear model at about 0.5 Hz frequency is about 2~3 times larger than that of a nonlinear model.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2017

In this paper, the incremental nonlinear dynamic analysis is used to evaluate the seismic performance of steel moment frame structures. To this purpose, three special moment frame structure with 5, 10 and 15 stories are designed according to the Iran's national building code for steel structures and the provisions for design of earthquake resistant buildings (2800 code). Incremental Nonlinear Analysis (IDA) is performed for 15 different ground motions, and responses of the structures are evaluated. For the immediate occupancy and the collapse prevention performance levels, the probability that seismic demand exceeds the seismic capacity of the structures is computed based on FEMA350. Also, fragility curves are plotted for three high-code damage levels using HASUS provisions. Based on the obtained results, it is evident that increase in the height of the frame structures reduces the reliability level. In addition, it is concluded that for the design earthquake the probability of exceeding average collapse prevention level is considerably larger than high and full collapse prevention levels.9.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2006

구조물의 지진응답은 기초지반조건의 영향을 받는다. 이 연구에서는 고정지반과 연약지반을 고려한 3, 5, 7층 철골 건축구조물의 밑면전단력을 산정하기 위해 선형 시간이력지진해석과 비선형 Pushover 정적지진해석을 수행하였다. 등가정적강성식으로 구한 기초지반강성은 SAP2000의 Link 요소 중 Damper 요소를 사용하여 입력하였다. 범용구조해석 프로그램 SAP2000에 의한 시간이력으로 구한 철골건축구조물의 밑면전단력을 국내내진설계기준, UBC-97 설계응답스펙트럼, Pushover 정적 비선형해석으로 구한 밑면전단력과 비교하였다. 중력하중과 풍하중으로 설계된 철골 건축구조물은 0.11g의 중진에 대해 탄성응답을 보였고, 탄성 연약지반에서 구조물-지반의 상호작용과 지반 증폭에 의해 구조물의 변위와 밑면전단력이 증가되었다. 따라서, 중약진 지역에서의 건축구조물은 연약지반의 특성을 고려하여 탄성지진해석을 수행하는 것이 더 합리적이다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제91권4호
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• pp.349-355
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• 2024

This paper investigates the influence of the torsional component of earthquake on the nonlinear structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. It also estimates the equivalent additional eccentricity that results from this component. For this purpose, we generate torsional accelerograms from translational ones and conduct nonlinear seismic analysis on both regular and irregular structures. The results show that the torsional component has a significant impact on the structural response, especially for irregular structures. The equivalent additional eccentricity of the cases studied was higher than 5% which is the value of accidental eccentricity suggested by many seismic codes.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2002년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.151-158
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• 2002

In the present design concept, the nonlinear behaviour of bridges is at lowed under large earthquake. The nonlinearity is, however, localized like pier, bearing, etc. Especially, pier columns are most important members for seismic performance. It is, however, difficult to solve the problem how the nonlinearity of columns should be modelled. In this study, the fiber element is used for modelling pier column. The element is a kind of structural elements like frame element, and it can model the distributed plasticity of plastic hinge. A 3 span continous bridge is taken for seismic analysis. First, the nonlinear static analysis the column at fixed support are performed so that the characteristics of column is analyzed. Second, Linear and nonlinear dynamic analysises using simplified model for longitudinal direction are carried out and the results are analyzed.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권2A호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2011

성능기반 내진 설계방법의 설계철학을 가지고 있는 비선형 정적 해석법(NSPs)은 최근 구조물의 지진해석방법으로서 그 사용성을 인정받고 있다. 비선형 정적 해석법을 통한 지진해석은 기존의 비선형 시간 이력법에 비해서 방법이 간단하며, 직관적으로 구조물의 지진해석을 수행할 수 있는 등의 장점으로 빌딩구조물의 지진해석법으로 널리 사용되고 있다. 하지만, 기본 진동모드에 의해서 구조물의 거동이 지배되지 않는 구조물의 경우에는 그 사용성에 대한 연구가 매우 제한적이다. 이를 개선하기 위한 고차모드의 기여분을 반영할 수 있는 비선형 정적 해석법으로 모드별 비탄성 정적해석법(Modal Pushover Analysis; MPA)이 제시되었고, 또한 이를 개선한 개선된 모드별 비탄성 정적해석법(Improved Modal Pushover Analysis; IMPA) 역시 소개되었다. 본 논문에서는 기존에 소개된 네가지 비선형 정적 해석법을 이용하여 국내에 설계/시공된 두 사장교의 지진해석 가능성을 알아보며, 각 방법의 장/단점을 분석 하여 비선형 정적 해석법의 응용가능성에 대해서 알아보았다.