• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2007

Purpose: To investigate and analyze effects of environmental enrichment(EE) and nerve stimulation that follows in application times with change of functional recovery(1, 3, 7 and 14 days). Methods: Focal ischemic brain injury was produced in 100 Sprauge-Dawley rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO). Neurobehavioral assessment were selected, such as tilting plane testing, horizontal wire testing, vestibulomotor function testing and complex neuromotor function test, then they were randomly divided into five groups; Group I : Sham group, Group II: MCAO group, Group III: MCAO and ES group, Group IV: MCAO and EE group, Group V: MCAO and EE and ES group. Results: In neurobehavioral assessment, group V were significantly difference from other groups on between-subject effects. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that in focal ishemic brain injury, combined environmental enrichment and peripheral nerve electrical stimulation is more improved that the improvement of exercise function recovery than non treatment group.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) on clinical outcomes among high-risk patients. Methods: This retrospective study involved 1,368 patients and the same number of cycles, including 520 cycles with PGT-A and 848 cycles without PGT-A. The study participants comprised women of advanced maternal age (AMA) and those affected by recurrent implantation failure (RIF), recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), or severe male factor infertility (SMF). Results: PGT-A was associated with significant improvements in the implantation rate (IR) and the ongoing pregnancy rate/live birth rate (OPR/LBR) per embryo transfer cycle in the AMA (39.3% vs. 16.2% [p<0.001] and 42.0% vs. 21.8% [p<0.001], respectively), RIF (41.7% vs. 22.0% [p<0.001] and 47.0% vs. 28.6% [p<0.001], respectively), and RPL (45.6% vs. 19.5% [p<0.001] and 49.1% vs. 24.2% [p<0.001], respectively) groups, as well as the IR in the SMF group (43.3% vs. 26.5%, p=0.011). Additionally, PGT-A was associated with lower overall incidence rates of early pregnancy loss in the AMA (16.7% vs. 34.3%, p=0.001) and RPL (16.7% vs. 50.0%, p<0.001) groups. However, the OPR/LBR per total cycle across all PGT-A groups did not significantly exceed that for the non-PGT-A groups. Conclusion: PGT-A demonstrated beneficial effects in high-risk patients. However, our findings indicate that these benefits are more pronounced in carefully selected candidates than in the entire high-risk patient population.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of verbal violence that adolescents face in the post-human age, when the non-face-to-face media is increasing. Methods: A survey was conducted on 305 adolescents, aged 14 to 16 years of middle school and high school students. The data were analyzed with the SPSS 25.0. Results: As a result of conducting multiple regression analysis to identify the type of conversation that affects verbal abuse of adolescents, a model with a conversation with family, conversation with other people, messenger conversation such as KakaoTalk, and video chat conversation was selected. The amount of explanation was 11.4%. (R2 = .114) Of these, non-face-to-face conversations have been shown to increase verbal violence, and face-to-face conversations with family have, in turn, lowered the risk. As a result of t-testing to examine the effect of verbal abuse experience on the verbal violence index, the damage experience was significant in depression (p = .042) and impulsive aggression (p = .021). (P = .000). Conclusion: This study reiterates the importance of family dialogue along with the fact that the development of various non-face-to-face media in the Fourth Industrial Revolution can have a negative impact on adolescent mental health.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adhesive luting on the fracture resistance of zirconia compared to that of a composite resin and a lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Materials and Methods: The specimens (dimension: $2mm{\times}2mm{\times}25mm$) of the composite resin, lithium disilicate glass ceramic, and yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) were prepared. These were then divided into nine groups: three non-luting groups, three non-adhesive luting groups, and three adhesive luting groups, for each restorative material. In the non-luting groups, specimens were placed on the bovine tooth without any luting agents. In the non-adhesive luting groups, only zinc phosphate cement was used for luting the specimen to the bovine tooth. In the adhesive luting groups, specimens were pretreated, and the adhesive luting procedure was performed using a self-adhesive resin cement. For all the groups, a flexural test was performed using universal testing machine, in which the fracture resistance was measured by recording the force at which the specimen was fractured. Results: The fracture resistance after adhesive luting increased by approximately 29% in the case of the composite resin, 26% in the case of the lithium disilicate glass ceramic, and only 2% in the case of Y-TZP as compared to non-adhesive luting. Conclusions: The fracture resistance of Y-TZP did not increased significantly after adhesive luting as compared to that of the composite resin and the lithium disilicate glass ceramic.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.570-576
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to examine the effects of alcohol on serum lipid levels. Subjects of this study were 50 military officers living in Honsung, Korea, 25 of whom consumed alcohol on a regular basis and 25 of whom did not. All subjects were previously informed of the purpose of the study and the methods of food intake reporting and blood testing. The age distribution range of subjects was 30-49 years. Weight, height, and body mass index(BMI) were not significantly different between the two groups. Blood pressure was compared, and it was found that the drinker group had mean systolic(SBP) and diastolic blood pressures(DBP) 10mmHg higher than the non-drinker group. Nutrient intake levels of the two groups were not significantly different and were adequate with respect to the recommended dietary allowances. It was found that the drinker group ingested more calories, protein, fat and vitamn B1 than the non-drinker group, while the non-drinker group ingested more carbohydrate, calcium, iron, vitamin A, niacin and ascorbic acid. These differences were believed caused by increased caloric intake from alcohol and additional intake of meat served with drinks for the drinking group. Fourteen of the twenty-five drinkers(56%) had drank regularly for five to ten years. Most drinkers drank 2-3 times per week, with alcohol intake less than two bottles(720ml)of distilled liquor(Soju) at a time. Meat was often served with alcohol as reported by 72% of the drinker group, and was believed to contribute to raised intake of calories, protein and fat in this group. Serum lipid levels of both groups were classified as normal, but the components of total cholesterol, triglycerides were significantly higher in drinkers than non-drinkers. The correlation between triglyceride levels and alcohol intake at one sitting was shown to be significantly positive(r=0.57, p<0.01), so it was believed that triglyceride elevation was associated more with heavy drinking than light drinking. We can conclude that if alcohol is consumed with a normal diet, then serum cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid levels are expected to increase.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.87.1-87.11
• /
• 2020

Background: A new, extended long-acting tilmicosin (TLAe) preparation was tested against intramammary ceftiofur (CEF) using a non-inferiority trial model during dry-cow therapy (DCT) in a farm with high bovine population density and deficient hygiene application. Objectives: To evaluate the possibility that TLAe administered parenterally can achieve non-inferiority status compared to CEF administered intramammary for DCT. Methods: Cows were randomly assigned to TLAe (20 mg/kg subcutaneous; n = 53) or CEF (CEF-HCl, 125 mg/quarter; n = 38 cows) treatment groups. California mastitis testing, colony-forming unit assessment (CFU/mL), and number of cases positive for Staphylococcus aureus were quantified before DCT and 7 d after calving. A complete cure was defined as no bacteria isolated; partial cure when CFU/mL ranged from 150 to 700, and cure-failure when CFU/mL was above 700. Results: TLAe and CEF had overall cure rates of 57% and 53% (p > 0.05) and S. aureus cure rates of 77.7% and 25%, respectively (p < 0.05). The pathogens detected at DCT and 7 days after calving were S. aureus (62.71% and 35.55%), Staphylococcus spp. (22.03% and 35.55%), Streptococcus uberis (10.16% and 13.33%), and Escherichia coli (5.08% and 15.55%). Non-inferiority and binary logistic regression analyses revealed a lack of difference in overall efficacies of TLAe and CEF. Apart from S. aureus, S. uberis was the predominant pathogen found in both groups. Conclusions: This study is the first successful report of parenteral DCT showing comparable efficacy as CEF, the gold-standard. The extended long-term pharmacokinetic activity of TLAe explains these results.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.918-928
• /
• 2024

Objective: The adulteration of raw beef (BMr) with dog meat (DMr) and pork (PMr) becomes a serious problem because it is associated with halal status, quality, and safety of meats. This research aimed to develop an effective authentication method to detect non-halal meats (dog meat and pork) in beef using metabolomics approach. Methods: Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) using untargeted approach combined with chemometrics was applied for analysis non-halal meats in BMr. Results: The untargeted metabolomics approach successfully identified various metabolites in BMr DMr, PMr, and their mixtures. The discrimination and classification between authentic BMr and those adulterated with DMr and PMr were successfully determined using partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) with high accuracy. All BMr samples containing non-halal meats could be differentiated from authentic BMr. A number of discriminating metabolites with potential as biomarkers to discriminate BMr in the mixtures with DMr and PMr could be identified from the analysis of variable importance for projection value. Partial least square (PLS) and orthogonal PLS (OPLS) regression using discriminating metabolites showed high accuracy (R² >0.990) and high precision (both RMSEC and RMSEE <5%) in predicting the concentration of DMr and PMr present in beef indicating that the discriminating metabolites were good predictors. The developed untargeted LC-HRMS metabolomics and chemometrics successfully identified non-halal meats adulteration (DMr and PMr) in beef with high sensitivity up to 0.1% (w/w). Conclusion: A combination of LC-HRMS untargeted metabolomic and chemometrics promises to be an effective analytical technique for halal authenticity testing of meats. This method could be further standardized and proposed as a method for halal authentication of meats.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.18.1-18.13
• /
• 2024

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of relined and non-relined fiberglass posts when cemented to root canal dentin using a conventional dual-cure resin cement or a self-adhesive resin cement. Materials and Methods: Two types of resin cements were utilized: conventional and self-adhesive. Additionally, 2 cementation protocols were employed, involving relined and non-relined fiberglass posts. In total, 72 bovine incisors were cemented and subjected to push-out bond strength testing (n = 10) followed by failure mode analysis. The cross-sectional microhardness (n = 5) was assessed along the root canal, and interface analyses (n = 3) were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data from the push-out bond strength and cross-sectional microhardness tests were analyzed via 3-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post-hoc test (α= 0.05). Results: For non-relined fiberglass posts, conventional resin cement exhibited higher pushout bond strength than self-adhesive cement. Relined fiberglass posts yielded comparable results between the resin cements. Type II failure was the most common failure mode for both resin cements, regardless of cementation protocol. The use of relined fiberglass posts improved the cross-sectional microhardness values for both cements. SEM images revealed voids and bubbles in the incisors with non-relined fiberglass posts. Conclusions: Mechanical properties were impacted by the cementation protocol. Relined fiberglass posts presented the highest push-out bond strength and cross-sectional microhardness values, regardless of the resin cement used (conventional dual-cure or self-adhesive). Conversely, for non-relined fiberglass posts, the conventional dual-cure resin cement yielded superior results to the self-adhesive resin cement.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.132-139
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 1,300명의 소비자들이 직접 먹어보고 평가한 한우고기 데이터를 이용하여 쇠고기 맛 등급을 구분 해 내기 위한 판별분석 방법들을 비교하였다. 한우 관능평가의 주요 세 변수인 연도, 다즙성, 향미를 포함한 정준 판별분석과 대표적인 맛 변수로 여겨지는 전반적인 기호도 만을 이용하여 선형판별분석과 비모수 판별분석을 하였다. 전반적인 기호도와 같은 한 개의 변수만을 사용할 경우 두 가지 모두 비슷한 분류율을 나타내지만 선형판별 함수는 이해와 사용 측면에서 장점이 있었던 반면에 비모수적 방법은 커널함수와 띠폭에 대한 선택이 불편하지만 잘 선택하면 정확한 분류율을 높일 수 있는 장점이 있었다. 그러나 다른 정보를 가진 변수들이 있음에도 불구하고 한 개의 변수만을 이용한 판별 분석은 판별에 영향을 미치는 다른 중요한 변수들의 정보를 활용하지 못한다는 문제점이 있다. 한편, 정준판별분석의 경우 정준판별함수의 오분류율이 일변량 선형 판별함수와 비모수 판별함수의 오분류율에 비해 크게 떨어지지 않으면서 분포에 대한 특별한 가정이 필요하지 않아 통계적 가정이 까다롭지 않고 또한 맛에 중요한 요인인 연도, 다즙성, 향미의 세 개변수를 모두 사용하므로 맛 정보를 최대로 활용한다는 장점이 있었다. 따라서 본 연구결과 연도, 다즙성, 향미의 세가지 변수 정보를 모두 포함한 다변량 정준판별분석법을 이용하는 것이 맛 등급을 구분하는데 가장 적절할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.187-196
• /
• 2004

Now many sustitution and false articles is used in korea instead of shanyao. To use shanyao correctly, we will make a quilitative certificational plan of shanyao to investigate all of lieraturea, records and documents. And we could reach conclusions as folloews. 1) Source About a source of shanyao, though korea and china has a each other source, we think there is no problem in use of both. 2) Process In our country producing shanyao as medical use is a 'duanma', we can divide into peeling and non-peeling, drying at bulks and at briquets, steaming shanyao and fresh shanyao. Regardless of existence for peeling and steaming, a distributing shanyao is received a proper judgment. Like this result was expressed by insufficiency of standards about medical components or indicating components. We detected a reminding S02 more than 10 ppm. And this expresses that there ia a problum at a drying method. To suggest proper processing methods, a standard of quility will have to be made which the existence of peeling, difference of quility between 'changma' and 'duanma', drying method and exudation test with cutted thickness are adaptable. Besides, 'maoshanyao' and 'guangshanyao' of china is processed by various methods which decrease a medical effect such as too much soaking shanyao in water, steaming with a sulfur, too much peeling, So we must process shanyao like the next methods. (1) When harvesting, dig deeply not to cut off roots. (2) Not to peel, wash shanyao in a washing machine. (3) Dry to 50-60% degree at sunny place or drying machine. (4) To be easy for drying and exudation, cut off a thick piece with 5 mm (5) Dry perfectly at ding machine. 3) Quality3) Quality (1) Functional standards It is not Proper that 'guangshanyao' is used in china because it has a problem with quility on process of working, If they did not soak shanyao in water or heat with steam, it is the real situation that they cannot cutt off shanyao evenly. In conclusion, shanyao must be heavy, powdery with a perfectly non-peeling surface, section surface is yellow-white color, unequal and has no holes. (2) Physicochemical standards It is the real situation that we can not distinguish into quility of shanyao with established test because various workings which decrease medical effects is used. Therefore we suggest a testing standard of S02 which is used in bleaching. And testing standards relatived with decrease of medical effects must be established at once. It must that Dry on loss is less than 14.0%, content of ash is less than 6.0%. Content of acid-nonsoluble ash is less than 0.5%. Contens of heavy metal has to detect less than 30 ppm and there is no reminding agricultural medince.