• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2009

Since Adolf Loos' Ornament and Crime was released, ornament had been regarded as a vice in Modern architecture. In Post Modern architecture, the ornamental vocabularies extracted from the classical architecture have been symbolically expressed. As a result, the significance of existence of and the use value of architecture have increased with improved intimacy to the public. However, many studies that have analyzed architecture in terms of semantics and semiotics focusing on communication between architecture and the public have admitted instability in architectural meaning because of the fundamental difference between architecture and language. At the same time, the architectural representation has encountered a lot of limitations along with the deconstruction and non-presentation theory in Post-Structuralism. Even under these circumstances, the ornamental representation can be a critical factor which makes communication possible while expressing spatial identity in this pluralistic contemporary society. Hence, this paper has established logical grounds for research based on theoretical investigation on the concept of representation, semiotics, and ornamental representation, with regard to spatial communication through ornamental representation in commercial space. Based on Peirce's Semiotics which is the typical theoretical science in terms of representation, this paper has analyzed the three kinds of signs (Icon, Index and Symbol) that he proposed. Peirce's classification of signs becomes ideal when the factors are well balanced, with room for combination instead of strict classification. It appears that his theory of signs would be useful in understanding and analyzing ornamental representation. This study on representational ornament could offer a plan for ideal communication and abundant spatial experience in the interior design of commercial space in which the expression of creative space identity is required.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.100-114
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• 1996

In order to create a solid model more efficiently for a plastic or sheet metal product with a thin and constant thickness, various methods have been proposed up to now. One of the most typical approaches is to create a sheet model initially and then transform it into a solid model automatically for a given thickness. The sheet model as well as the transitive model in sheet modeling procedure is a non-manifold model. However, the previous methods adopted the boundary representations for a solid model as their topological framework. Thus, it is difficult to represent the exact adjacency relationship between topological entities and to implement the topological operations for sheet modeling and the transformation procedure of a sheet into a solid. In this paper, we proposed a sheet modeling system based on a non-manifold topological representation which can represent solids, sheets, wireframes, and their mixture. A set of generalized Euler operators for non-manifold topology as well as the sheet modeling capabilities including adding, bending, and punching functions are provided for easy modeling of sheet objects, and they are perfomed interactively with a two dimensional curve editor. Once a sheet model is completed, it can be transformed into a solid automatically. The transformation procedure is composed of the offset functions and the Boolean operations of sheet models, and it is even more comprehensive and easier to be implemented than the precious methods.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.537-544
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• 2003

The non-existence is proved of continuous irreducible representations p : Gal(Q/Q) \longrightarrow GL$_2$(F$_{p}$) with Artin conductor N outside p for a few small values of p and N.N.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.333-341
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• 2006

We analyze a detailed picture of the algebraic structure of $C^*$-algebras generated by isometric representations of the non-amenable semigroup P = {0,2,3,...,N,...}.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.345-352
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• 2022

This study examines the impact of female representation on board of directors and audit committees on financial reporting quality, which also discusses the moderating role of family ownership in female representation on boards of directors and audit committees and financial reporting quality. The unbalanced panel is made up of 271 non-financial companies listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) from 2008 to 2019.The findings reveal that female representation on the board of directors has a large and negative impact on financial reporting, but female representation on the audit committee has a significant positive impact on financial reporting quality. Furthermore, the results reveal that family ownership has a negative impact on the relationship between female presence on boards of directors and financial reporting quality. Furthermore, the findings show that family ownership reduces the impact of female involvement in audit committees on the quality of financial reporting. However, family ownership has no direct impact on financial reporting quality.Our findings suggest that selecting females to serve on boards of directors and audit committees should be based on specific criteria (e.g., monitoring abilities, business competence, knowledge, and experience) rather than on family relationships.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.103-106
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• 1969

gauge독립한 새로운 unitary변환을 도입함으로서 진동하고 있는 전장안에서의 spin 1/2 가전입자의 운동을 기술하는데 적합한 Dirac 방정식의 표시가 도출되고 있다. 이 새로운 표시에 있어서 potentials를 포함하지 않은 유효 Hamiltonian은 그 비상대론적 근거에서 새로운 특성을 나타내는 사실을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose an accelerating scheme of convergence of numerical solutions of fuzzy non-linear equations. Numerical experiments show that the new method has significant acceleration of convergence of solutions of fuzzy non-linear equation. Three-dimensional graphical representation of fuzzy solutions is also provided as a reference of visual convergence of the solution sequence.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose an extended method of one-hot Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and evaluate the performance on spam filtering task. Most of traditional methods proposed for spam filtering task use word occurrences to represent spam or non-spam messages and all syntactic and semantic information are ignored. Major issue appears when both spam and non-spam messages share many common words and noise words. Therefore, it becomes challenging to the system to filter correct labels between spam and non-spam. Unlike previous studies on information filtering task, instead of using only word occurrence and word context as in probabilistic models, we apply a neural network-based approach to train the system filter for a better performance. In addition to one-hot representation, using term weight with attention mechanism allows classifier to focus on potential words which most likely appear in spam and non-spam collection. As a result, we obtained some improvement over the performances of the previous methods. We find out using region embedding and pooling features on the top of LSTM along with attention mechanism allows system to explore a better document representation for filtering task in general.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.205-218
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• 2008

This paper proposes a geospatial data visualization system supporting validation of GML documents. GIS systems manage and use both of spatial and non-spatial data. Currently, most GIS systems represent spatial data in GML (Geography Markup Language) developed by OGC. GML is a language for representation and sharing of spatial information, and until now many systems have been developed in GML. GML does not support expression of non-spatial data, i.e., relational information of spatial objects, and thus most systems extend GML to describe non-spatial information. However, it causes an issue that the systems only accepting standard GML documents cannot process the extended documents. In this paper, we propose a new GIS data visualization system to resolve the aforementioned Issue. Our proposed system allows the representation of both types of data supporting independency of spatial data and non-spatial data. It enhances interoperability with other relevant systems. Therefore, we can develop a rich and high Quality geospatial information services.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.327-332
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• 2003

A new discretization method for nonlinear system with time-delay is proposed. It is based on the well-known Taylor series expansion and the zero-order hold (ZOH) assumption. We know that a discretization of linear system can be obtained with the ZOH assumption and within the sampling interval. A similar line of thinking is available in nonlinear case. The mathematical structure of the new discretization method is explored and under the structure, the sampled-data representation of nonlinear system including time-delay is computed. Provided that the discrete form of the single input nonlinear system with time-delay is derived, this result is easily extended to nonlinear system with multi-input time-delay. For simplicity two inputs are considered in this study. It is enough to generalize that of multiple inputs. Finally, the time-discretization of non-affine nonlinear system with time-delay is investigated for apply all nonlinear system