• 한국노년학
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.371-380
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• 2011

본 연구는 노인장기요양보험제도 도입 전후 의료기관 가정간호사업소 수 및 이용량 변화를 파악하고자 하였다. 건강보험심사평가원으로부터 노인장기요양보험제도 도입 직전 1년(2007.7.1~2008.6.30)과 제도도입 후 혼란기인 6개월 후 1년(2009.1.1-12.30)간 의료기관 가정간호 기본방문료(AN100)가 청구된 자료를 받아 분석하였다. 노인장기요양보험제도 도입 후, 약 40개 의료기관 가정간호사업소가 문을 닫았고, 사업소가 한 곳도 없는 시군구가 전체 시군구 중 53%에서 59%로 증가하였다. 또한, 노인의 의료기관 가정간호 이용은 물론(이용자수 13.4% 감소, 방문건수 20.9% 감소), 비노인의 이용도 감소하였다(이용자수 3.5% 감소, 방문건수 3.9% 감소). 비노인의 가정간호 이용감소는 가정방문 간호사업소의 감소로 가정간호에 대한 접근이 낮아져 나타난 결과로 유추할 수 있다. 가정간호사업소 당 총 수입액은 2009년 1년간 평균 121,850천원으로 최소 인력인 가정전문간호사 2인의 인건비를 감안하면 수익이 크지 않은 것으로 확인되었다. 이 연구결과를 통해 노인의 의료기관 가정 간호 이용감소는 노인장기요양보험 방문간호로 대체된다고 하더라도, 비노인의 가정간호 접근성을 높이기 위해서는 의료기관 가정간호사업소를 확대할 필요가 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2019

자동차보험 총 진료비는 2014년 대비 2015년 12% 증가하였으나 그 중 한방진료비는 36% 증가하였다. 본 연구 목적은 진료비 항등식을 이용하여 자동차보험 한방진료비의 급격한 증가 원인을 구체적으로 파악하는 것이다. 2014년~2015년 기간 중 진료하여 심사 완료된 34,351,120건의 데이터를 이용하여 분석한 결과 한방 환자수는 해당 기간 중 27%, 환자당 진료비는 7% 증가하였다. 환자당 진료비를 세분화하여 분석한 결과, 환자당 입(내)원 일수는 변하지 않았으며 일당진료비만 7% 증가하였다. 환자수 증가를 보면 한방진료만을 받은 환자는 32%, 의과와 한방을 함께 진료 받은 환자는 24% 증가한 반면 의과진료만을 받은 환자는 오히려 4% 감소하였다. 일당진료비 증가에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 한방물리요법 등 표준화되지 않은 진료행위의 비용 상승이 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 한방 진료비 증가에 가장 크게 영향을 미친 요인은 환자수의 증가였다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 1997

In order to analyze the shifts in the volume and profits of Computed Tomography(CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) utilization for a year before and after the implementation of insurance coverage for CT, this study has been undertaken examining CT and MRI cost data from 'Y' University Hospital situated in Seoul, Korea. Following are the results of this study: 1. The medical insurance payment for CT, implemented on January 1, 1996, increased CT utilization from January 1996 to April 1996 due to low insurance premiums: however, from May 1996 the number of CT cases significantly decreased as a result of strengthened medical cost reviews and the new 'Detailed standards for approval of CT' announced near the end of April 1996 by the insurer. 2. Since the implementation of insurance coverage for CT, CT fee reduction rates for reimbursements by the insurer to the hospital were 50% and 40% for January and February, respectively, and 31% and 15% for March and April. A significant point in the lowering of the reduction rate was reached in May at 11%; furthermore, since June the reduction rate fell below the average reduction rate for reimbursements for all procedures. If the 'Detailed standards for approval of CT' had been announced before the implementation of insurance coverage for CT, CT utilization would not have been so high due to the need to meet those 'standards'. In addition, loss of hospital profits resulting from the reduction for reimbursements would not have occurred. 3. The shifts in MRI utilization showed that there was no particular change with the beginning of insurance coverage for CT, and the introduction of the 'Detailed standards for approval of CT' made MRI utilization increase because MRI is free of restrictions imposed by the insurer. 4. The relationship between CT utilization and MRI utilization showed that they were supplementary to each other before insurance coverage for CT, but that CT was substituted for MRI because of strengthened medical cost reviews after t~e beginning of insurance coverage for CT. 5. The shifts in volume by patient characteristics showed that the number of inappropriate case patients, according to the insurer's "Standards for approval", decreased more than the number of appropriate case patients after the introduction of insurance coverage for CT. Therefore, the health insurance fee schemes for CT have influenced patient care. 6. The shifts in profits from CT utilization showed a net profit decrease of 31.6%. In order to match the pre-coverage profit level, 5,471 more cases would need to be seen and productivity would need to be increased by 32.7%. This profit decrease resulted from a decrease of CT utilization and low reimbursements. With insurance coverage, net profits from CT were 24.4%, and a margin of safety ratio was 39.6%. Because of the net profits and margin of safety ratio, CT utilization fees for insured appropriate cases could not be considered inappropriate. 7. The shifts in profits from MRI utilization before and after the introduction of CT coverage showed that in order to match pre-CT coverage profit levels, 2,011 more cases would need to be seen and productivity would need to be increased by 9.2%. The reasons for needing to increase the number of cases and productivity result from cost burdens created by adding new MRI units. But with CT coverage already begun, MRI utilization increased. Combined with a minor increase in the MRI fee schedule, MRI utilization showed a net profit increase of 18.5%. Net profits of 62.8% and a 'margin of safety ratio' of 43.1% for MRI utilization showed that the hospital relied on this non-covered procedure for profits. 8. The shifts in profits from CT and MRI utilization showed the net profits from CT decreased by 2.33billion Won while the net profits from MRI increased by 815.7million Won. Overall, these two together showed a net profit decrease of 1.51billion Won. The shifts in utilization showed a functional substitutionary relationship, but the shifts in profits did not show a substitutionary relationship. From these results, We can conclude that if insurance is to be expanded to include previously uncovered procedures using expensive medical equipment, detailed standards should be prepared in advance. The decrease in profits from the shifts in coverage and changes in fees is a difficult burden that should be shared, not carried by the hospital alone. Also, a new or improved fee schedule system should include revised standards between items listed and the appropriateness of the fee schedule should constantly be ensured. This study focused on one university hospital in Seoul and is therefore limited in general applicability. But it is valuable for considering current issues and problems, such as the influence of CT coverage on hospital management. Future studies will hopefully expand the scope of the issues considered here.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the medical cost for patients with vertigo and to examine associations between chronic vertigo and mental disorder using 2014 Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service-National Patients Sample (HIRA-NPS). Methods: We analyzed sociodemographic characteristics, medical cost and medical care use pattern for vertigo patients. We used hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis to examine odds ratio between chronic vertigo and mental disorder. Results: A total of 46,502 people and 118,504 claims data were identified for vertigo cases. Characteristics of vertigo patients have significant differences on proportion of female patients (68.36%), patients' average age (54.98) and proportion of medical assistance (5.76%) compared with non-vertigo patients. Results revealed that Korean medicine are one of frequent methods among total treatments for vertigo patients. Total days of medical care and total costs are 2.78 days and 111,362 won, respectively, and days for outpatients in Korean medical care (mean: 2.26 days) are more than those (mean: 5.05 days) in Western medical care. There is significant difference relative to sex between acute vertigo and chronic vertigo. The odds ratio between chronic vertigo and mental disorder is estimated as 1.34, that means risk of becoming chronic is 34% higher for vertigo patients with mental disorder. Conclusions: This study assessed socio-demographic characteristics, medical care use and expenses related to vertigo, and estimated associations between chronic vertigo and mental disorder. Findings provide a basis for economic evaluation studies on vertigo patients and development of clinical practice guidelines for vertigo patients with mental disorder.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2008

Objectives : To estimate the economic burden of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (VF) from a societal perspective. Methods : From 2002 to 2004, we identified all National Health Insurance claims records for women ${\geq}50$ years old with a diagnosis of VF. The first 6-months was defined as a "clearance period," such that patients were considered as incident cases if their first claim of fracture was recorded after June 30, 2002. We only included patients with ${\geq}$ one claim of a diagnosis of, or prescription for, osteoporosis over 3 years. For each patient, we cumulated the claims amount for the first visit and for the follow-up treatments for 1 year. The hospital charge data from 4 hospitals were investigated to measure the proportion of the non-covered services. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 106 patients from the 4 study sites to measure the out-of-pocket spending outside of hospitals. Results : During 2.5 years, 131,453 VF patients were identified. The patients had an average of 3.38 visits, 0.40 admissions and 6.36 inpatient days. The per capita cost was 1,909,690 Won: 71.5% for direct medical costs, 20.6% for direct non-medical costs and 7.9% for indirect costs. The per capita cost increased with increasing age: 1,848,078 Won for those aged 50-64, 2,084,846 Won for 65-74, 2,129,530 Won for 75-84and 2,121,492 Won for those above 84. Conclusions : Exploring the economic burden of osteoporotic VF is expected to motivate to adopt effective treatment options for osteoporosis in order to prevent the incidence of fracture and the consequent costs.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.588-597
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• 2021

우리나라의 경우 일반보험의 부가보험료를 구성하는 요소인 보험회사의 이익을 산출하는 기준에 대해 특별히 정하고 있지 않으며, 손해보험회사들은 대부분 2~5% 수준을 보험료에 반영하고 있다. 보험상품의 특성상 가격결정의 투명성이 요구되고 있지만, 국내 손해보험산업에 있어서 보험가격 요소별 결정방법론에 대한 기준이나 실증연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 산출기준이나 실증연구가 미흡한 일반보험의 상품별 예정이익률 산출 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 일반보험의 예정이익률을 산출하는 기준은 손익변동성에 따른 손실 리스크에 대비하여 보험회사가 확보해야 하는 자본에 대한 주주요구수익을 보험료에 대한 비율로 반영하는 것이다. 주주는 보험 운영과 관련된 리스크를 감내하기 때문에 이에 대한 보상을 받아야 하며, 이러한 주주입장에서의 기회비용을 보험료에 반영하려는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 상품별로 보험리스크에 대비하기 위해 회사가 적립해야 하는 자본량을 산출하였으며, 보험리스크는 보험영업 손익의 변동성으로 정의하였다. 그리고 보험리스크는 DFA(Dynamic Financial Analysis; 동적재무분석) 방법론에 의한 stochastic simulation을 활용하여 산출하였다. 최종적으로 25개 상품에 대한 예정이익률을 산출하여 현재 국내 일반보험의 예정이익률과 어떤 차이가 있는지를 실증적으로 분석하였다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2009

This study grasped recognition on a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly targeting dental professionals who are working at dental hospitals and clinics where are located in Daejeon Metropolitan City. It developed and utilized materials available for educating the care staff in a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly and the dental professionals who participate in the oral hygiene service. It carried out the effective duty performance for the elderly in a situation of long-term care protection. Thus, the purpose of this study was to contribute to the early settlement in a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly. The following conclusions were obtained as a result of having carried out self-administered questionnaire research targeting 238 people from August 1 to August 30 in 2008. 1. In the general characteristics of the research subject, the present working place was indicated to be 22.7% for dental hospital, 71.8% for dental clinic, and 5.5% for others. As for the main duty field, the medical treatment & cooperative duty was indicated to be the highest with 61.8%, and was statistically significant(p=0.000). 2. The necessity for a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly was indicated to be 77.7% for 'necessary' and 1.7% for 'unnecessary,' and was statistically significant(p=0.016). 3. In the item of dividing the service of long-term care insurance for the elderly, the dental hygienists showed higher recognition than non-dental hygienists, and indicated significant difference(p=0.010). 4. As for recognition on a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly in dental professionals who responded as saying of 'knowing name and contents' about a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly, the recognition level was high in recognition of subjects' age(p=0.000), division in services(p=0.012), contents in at-home care service(p=0.000), execution in oral-hygiene service(p=0.004), procedure of using the long-term care insurance for the elderly(p=0.016), item of judging grade of long-term care insurance for the elderly(p=0.013), medical charge by service according to judging grade of long-term care insurance for the elderly(p=0.015), burden of cost for a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly(p=0.011), qualification of care staff(p=0.002), and contents of oral-hygiene service(p=0.027), and showed significant difference. 5. The service of long-term care insurance for the elderly and the oral-hygiene service indicated the statistically significant correlation. Accordingly, all of dental professionals need to make a desperate effort to improve dental professionals' knowledge on a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly enough to be required a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly. The more systematic and standardized professional education and materials are thought to be needed to be developed aiming at the success in oral-hygiene service within a system of long-term care insurance for the elderly, by strengthening professionalism in dentists and dental hygienists.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2009

Objectives : To evaluate the effect of heath examination program which introduce web-based input system, OCS(Order communicating system) and interface with national health insurance corporation, this study was done. Method : To Exam/Order and tests separately at anytime, the experimental health examination program which had web-based questionnaire input system, on-line measurement input system, interface program with national health insurance corporation and introduced OCS was developed. Experiment and old examination program were compared in terms of satisfaction and cost. Result : The 95.7% of respondents were satisfied with web-based input system, the 95.4% satisfied with OCS use, and 97.8% satisfied with test at anytime they want. The cost and time reduction between experiment and old program were 4,159,000won and $600.3{\pm}5.75$(seconds) per man input-time. Conclusion : The experimental health examination program is good for employee and hospital. If the health examination program for non-employee will be developed, it will be done efficiently and effectively, but Internet securities will be considered.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2010

목 적: NICU에 입원하는 환아들은 고위험 신생아나 미숙아이기 때문에 적절한 입원기간을 거쳐 퇴원하게 되어도, 아기 자체의 미숙성이나 질병의 후유증으로 인해 퇴원 후에 재입원을 하게 되는 경우가 많다. 이 재입원의 빈도와 의료비용을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법:전국에 분포한 7개 대학병원의 NICU를 대상으로 2005년 7월부터 2006년 6월까지 1년 간 입원하였다가 생존하여 퇴원한 총 3,451명을 대상으로 퇴원 후 1년간의 재입원에 대한 재입원의 빈도(비율, 횟수), 이유(병명), 비용(1회 재입원 시 평균 비용, 1회 재입원 시 1인당 입원비의 분포, 1회 재입원 시, 전체 재입원 비용중 급여와 비급여의 비율, 1인당 비급여액의 분포, 2회 이상 재입원 환자에서 1인당 재입원 횟수에 따른 1년간 평균 총 입원비용, 2회 이상 재입원 환자에서 1인당 재입원 횟수에 따른 1년간 총 입원비의 분포 등을 살펴보았다. 결 과:퇴원 후 1년간 재입원을 한 아이는 14.8%였고, 다회 입원의 연인원으로 계산 시, 21.7% 이었다. 재입원의 원인 병명을 빈도 별로 살펴보면, 폐렴(15.8%), 세기관지염(14.5%), 위장염(10.4%), 요로감염증(6.3%), 패혈증(의증 포함) (6.3%) 등의 감염질환이 상위였으며, 선천성 기형에 의해 수술적 치료, 미숙아나 질병 신생아와 관련된 후유증 등이 많은 빈도를 차지하고 있었다. 1회 재입원 시 평균 비용은 총 1,652천원이고, 이 중 보험급여액은 1,170천원, 비급여액은 472천원이다. 보험급여와 비급여의 비율은 71.4:28.6%이었다. 결 론: NICU에서 받았던 치료나 질병에 관련되는 병으로 퇴원 후 1년에 재입원하게 되는 경우가 약 20% 정도로 이러한 NICU 퇴원 환아들에 대해서는 퇴원 후 추적관리가 매우 중요하며, 퇴원 후 관리에 관심과 주의가 필요하다. 이에 따른 총 입원비용 및 비급여의 본인 부담금이 상당 부분 있기에, NICU 퇴원 후에도 치료를 지속적으로 필요하여 재입원 시에 의료비용도 본인부담의 면제조처가 필요함을 강력히 시사하고 있었다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.451-465
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• 2012

In order to strengthen assurance of National Health Insurance, co-payment should be reduced. This can happen with collaborative efforts of patients, medical institutes, and government altogether at the same time. This research applied Dutton(1986)'s medical service research model with high R-square, and analyzed 2008 Korea Health Panel Data (Beta Version 1), that was examined by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs and National Health Insurance, in order to figure out influential variables on co-payment. In result of Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, R-square was 46.7%, the older the age, the patients who had surgery, the longer days of hospital treatment are, the higher gross income of a household is, the more hospitalized in upper grade general hospitals, and the more upper grade rooms and selecting a doctor are used. The results have statistical significance. When conducting research applying medical service research model, there is a need to apply Dutton(1986)'s medical service research model with high R-square. In order to strengthen assurance of National Health Insurance, first conditions should be that patients are hospitalized in upper grade general hospital, and at the same time, are patients who had surgery with long stay of hospitalization. In addition, if proven that patients used upper grade rooms and selecting a doctor due to lack of regular treatment and rooms, for certain number of days of such hospitalization, it is suggested to be provided with health care insurance in upper grade rooms and selecting a doctor in calculating co-payment limit.