• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.95-113
• /
• 2020

The worldwide diffusion of COVID-19 contributes to electronic commerce all over the world. The proliferation of high volume and small value electronic commerce naturally has combined artificial intelligence with online dispute resolution (ODR). This paper investigates the age effect on Artificial Intelligence acceptability in online dispute resolution and its empirical findings are as follows. First, seven measures out of the nine employed in this case study shows a coherent dynamic pattern over the age spectrum. In other words, the total samples are a heterogenous group rather than a homogeneous one. Second, medium answer occupies a non-negligible portion across answers from nine research questions. It seems to indicate that a considerable portion of Korean respondents are hesitant to make a choice on artificial intelligence at this juncture. Third, all of the respondents agree that the introduction of AI to the dispute resolution could contribute to the hastening of the dispute resolution process. Fourth, most of the respondents agree that artificial intelligence might have the cognitive ability but not the sympathetic or affective ability to handle the electronic commerce disputes.

• 순환기질환의공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.04a
• /
• pp.28-36
• /
• 2006

The x-ray PIV method was improved for measuring quantitative velocity fields of real blood flows using a coherent synchrotron x-ray source. Without using any contrast media or seeding particles, this method can visualize flow pattern of blood by enhancing the phase-contrast and interference characteristics of blood cells based on a synchrotron x-ray imaging mechanism. The enhanced x-ray images were achieved by optimizing the sample-to-scintillator distance, the sample thickness, and hematocrit. The quantitative velocity fields of blood flows inside opaque tubes were obtained by applying a 2-frame PIV algorithm to the x-ray images of the blood flows. The measured velocity field data show typical features of blood flows such as the yield stress effect. The non-Newtonian flow characteristics of blood flows were analyzed using the x-ray PIV method and the experimental results were compared with hemodynamic models.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 2005

This paper make an analysis of UWB Communication System. In case endoscope, medical equipment, is applied to UWB, We could study through body-channel that frequency transmitted of received signal is differ from wireless in the existing air. It suggested TR-UWB form, non-coherent received method in dispersion-medium like humans bodies by accomplishing ability analysis of BPM, TR, BER of Differential, UWB Communication modulation and demodulation form.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2008.10b
• /
• pp.394-395
• /
• 2008

본 논문에서는 ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4b Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Network; LR-WPAN) 915MHz 대역 수신기에 주파수 옵셋에 따른 성능을 알아보고 수신기 Correlator에 Multiple delay differential filter를 적용하여 주파수 옵셋의 영향을 최소화하는 방법을 제시한다. AWGN 환경에서 주파수 옵셋의 영향이 최대와 최소(ZigBee frequency tolerance) ${\pm}80ppm$, $0{\sim}73200Hz$)일 때의 환경에서 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 수신기의 성능을 검증한다.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.37-54
• /
• 2020

To investigate the motion-induced aeroelastic effects (or aerodynamic feedback effects) on a square cylinder in uniform flow, a series of wind tunnel tests involving the pressure measurement of a rigid model (RM) and simultaneous measurement of the pressure and vibration of an aeroelastic model (AM) have been systematically carried out. More specifically, the aerodynamic feedback effects on the structural responses, on the mean and root-mean-square wind pressures, on the power spectra and coherence functions of wind pressures at selected locations, and on the aerodynamic forces were investigated. The results indicated the vibration in the lock-in range made the shedding vortex more coherent and better organized, and hence presented unfavorable wind-induced effects on the structure. Whereas the vibration in the non-lock-in range generally showed insignificant effects on the flow structures surrounding the square cylinder.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2006

The x-ray PIV method was improved for measuring quantitative velocity fields of real blood flows using a coherent synchrotron x-ray source. Without using any contrast media or seeding particles, this method can visualize flow pattern of blood by enhancing the phase-contrast and interference characteristics of blood cells based on a synchrotron x-ray imaging mechanism. The enhanced x-ray images were achieved by optimizing the sample-to-scintillator distance, the sample thickness, and hematocrit. The quantitative velocity fields of blood flows inside opaque tubes were obtained by applying a 2-frame PIV algorithm to the x-ray images of the blood flows. The measured velocity field data show typical features of blood flows such as the yield stress effect. The non-Newtonian flow characteristics of blood flows were analyzed using the x-ray PIV method and the experimental results were compared with hemodynamic models.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.300-304
• /
• 2007

Wireless sensor networks represent a new and exciting communication paradigm which could have multiple applications in future wireless communication. Therefore, performance analysis of such a wireless sensor network paradigm is needed in complex wireless channel. Wireless networks could be an important means of providing ubiquitous communication in the future. In this paper, the BER performance of uniform distributed wireless sensor networks is evaluated in non-Gaussian noise channel. Using an analytical approach, the impact of Av. BER performance relating the coherent BPSK system at the end of a multi-hop route versus the spatial density of sensor nodes and impulsive noise parameters A and $\Gamma$ is evaluated.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.07b
• /
• pp.1109-1112
• /
• 2002

A non-coherent synchronous all-optical code-division multiple-access (CDMA) network is proposed. In this network, symmetric codes derived from prime sequence codes are used. We present the construction of symmetric codes and show that the pseudo-orthogonality of the new codes is the same as that of the original prime-sequence codes while the cardinality of the new codes is larger than that of the prime sequence codes and the modified prime codes in the same field GF(p). Therefore, an optical CDMA LAN using symmetric codes can have a larger number of potential subscribers. The new codes allow designing fully programmable serial all-optical transmitter and receiver suitable for low-loss, high-capacity, optical CDMA LANs. It is also shown that compared to systems using modified prime codes the proposed system can achieve better BER performance for low received chip optical power.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.1131-1143
• /
• 2016

Differential detection schemes do not require any channel estimation, which can be employed under user mobility with low computational complexity. In this work, a soft-input soft-output (SISO) differential detection algorithm is proposed for amplify-and-forward (AF) over time-varying relaying channels based cooperative communications system. Furthermore, maximum-likelihood (ML) detector for M-ary differential Phase-shift keying (DPSK) is derived to calculate a posteriori probabilities (APP) of information bits. In addition, when the SISO is exploited in conjunction with channel decoding, iterative detection and decoding approach by exchanging extrinsic information with outer code is obtained. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed non-coherent approach improves detection performance significantly. In particular, the system can obtain greater performance gain under fast-fading channels.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.31-47
• /
• 2012

The so-called Ding-Chen ring is an n-FC ring which is both left and right coherent, and has both left and right self FP-injective dimensions at most n for some non-negative integer n. In this paper, we investigate the classes of the so-called Ding projective, Ding injective and Gorenstein at modules and show that some homological properties of modules over Gorenstein rings can be generalized to the modules over Ding-Chen rings. We first consider Gorenstein at and Ding injective dimensions of modules together with Ding injective precovers. We then discuss balance of functors Hom and tensor.