• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.329-340
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• 1996

The extracts of selected plants and analyzed phenolic compounds were used to study the effects of alleloKDICicals on seed germination and seedling growth. HPLC analysis of the aqueous extracts of seven species identified 15 phenolic compounds including caffeic acid. Among them, protocatechuic acid was detected at 65.87ppm and 6.84ppm, in Erigeron canadensis and Pinus rigida, respectively. And the extract of P. rigida showed the strongest inhibitory effect on seed germination. The extract of P. rigida leaves significantly inhibited germination and radicle growth of Raphanus sativus var. hortensis for. acanthiformis in direct proportion to concentration. However, germination of Cassia mimosoides var. nomame was stimulated by the treated extracts at the same concentrations, but root growth was inhibited at high concentrations. Except chlorogenic acid, eleven of the twelve phenolic compounds inhibited the germination of R. sativus var. hortensis for. acanthiformis. In the case of C. mimosoides var. nomame, some phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, protocatechuic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid and ${\rho}-coumaric$ acid stimulated germination, while the others reduced it.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.267-272
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• 2000

A 1.7-kb fragment containing the nodD1 genes of Bradyrhizobium sp. (Cassia) CN9135 was amplified by PCR with primers based on B. japonicum USDA110. This fragment was cloned and sequenced. Analysis of the sequence showed open reading frames highly homologous to nodD1 from other bradyrhizobial sources. The sequence showed higher homology to nodD1 gene of B. elkanii than to those from b. japonicum. Our results suggest that Bradyrhizobium sp. (Cassia) CN9135 may be more closely related to B. elkanii than to B. japonicum.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.163-166
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• 2000

Cassia mimosoides var. nomame was grown at five phosphate rates (0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 kg/10a) at Cheju in 1998 to determine the influence of phosphate rate on growth, forage yield and quality. As phosphate rate increased from 0 to 35kg/10a, the plant growth was increased such as days to flowering, plant height, the number of branches and green leaves per plant, stem diameter and SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) reading values of leaves but the number of withering leaves per plant decreased. Fresh forage yield was 3, 291kg/10a at 0 kg/10a of phosphate rate and increased 5, 200 and 5, 230 kg/10a at 25 and 35 kg/10a of phosphate level, respectively. Dry matter, crude protein and total digestible nutrients (TDN) showed the same tendency of changes as the fresh forage yield. Crude protein, crude fat, nitrogen free extract and TDN content increased but crude ash and crude fiber content decreased as the increasing of phosphate rate increased.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.237-248
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• 1998

The soil pH favored by Korean wild plants is 5.33~7.20, while naturalized invader species prefer soils of pH 3.95~6.48. The germination rate of Zoysia japonica was inhibited sharply, up to 60%, in extracts of naturalized plants of concentrations over 50%. Erigeron canadensis extract most strongly inhibited germination, while the Korean wild species, Cassia mimosoides var. nomame increased germination rates in concentrations of 30% and 50%. The seedling growth of Zoysia japonica in extracts of Korean wild species and naturalized species did not show differences, but was inhibited strongly, up to 60%, in the extract of Cassia mimosoides var. nomame concentration of over 15%. Analysis of the extract from Cassia mimosoides var. nomame identified procatechuic acid, $\rho$-hydroquinone, $\rho$-coumaric acid and ferulic acid at 254nm; and vanillic acid, hydroquinone, benzoic acid and cinnamic acid were discovered at 284nm. The seed germination and seedling growth of Zoysia japonica were investigated under different concentrations of phenolic compounds. Ferulic acid and vanillic acid were associated with an increased germination rate, while $\rho$-coumaric acid appeared to inhibit seedling growth.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.187-192
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• 2000

After Cassia mimosoides var. nomame was treated with Phytolacca americana extracts during the germination process, its effect on the activities of AsPOX and GuPOX were examined. As the concentration of P. americana extract increased. the activity of AsPOX decreased while that of GuPOX increased. During the germination process, the activity of AsPOX was lower than the control, while the activity of GuPOX was over 2 times higher than the control. Activity of total peroxidase by IEF was extremely high at pI 6.4 and pI 6.6 when treatment was made with a 30% concentration of P. americana extract. The treatment with phenolic compounds, caffeic acid and benzoic acid did not show much difference from the control although a slight increase was observed at pI 6.6. Activity of GuPOX in C. mimosoides was over 4 times higher in roots than in shoots. Namely, because GuPOX activity of C. mimosoides was increased by extracts of P. americana, defense enzyme, GuPOX. was generated against external stress, and we could certified the activity increase at pI 6.4, especially in root.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.204-215
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• 1992

From 12 August to 21 November in 1991, 65 soil specimens were collected from nineteen leguminous plant roots throughout nine locations of four provinces. They were sieved to collect and identify the arbuscular mycorrhizal spores (four genera, 21 species). The species of Glomus were most commonly (47.6% of all observations) found, but the species of Gigaspora (about 4.8% of all observations) occurred infrequently or rarely rather than the species of the other genera. The most common arbuscular mycorrhizal species at nine locations were Acaulospora laevis and Glomus laminated spores cf. macrocarpus var. macrocarpus. All of nineteen legume plant species collected were found to be associated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi . Cassia mimosoides var. nomame and Kummerowia striata in legume plants had the great frequency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with their roots. The number of isolated spores were ranged from 0.3 to 10.0 spores per 10g of soil. The species diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal spores at the disturbed areas were calculated to be bigger than those in the natural vegetation areas.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-42
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• 1995

The investigation was made on the relationship among vegetation, net productivity, regrowth and soils of Moonheri-Wasoori, Soodowon-Sungilkyo and Mt. Kumhak grasslands in Chulwon area. The following conclusions have been made as the results of this study. The vascular flora of the grassland in Moonheri-Wasoori was composed of 102 species, the most of which were Medicago denticulata, Miscanthus sinensis, Arundinella hirta, Festuca ovina and Cassia nomame. The flora of Soodowon-Sungilkyn grassland was composed of 74 species, the most of which were Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus sinensis, Carex nanella, Festuca ovina and Cassia nomame. It of Mt. Kumfiak grassland was composed of 78 species, the most of which were Arundinella hirta, Carex nanella, Festuca ovina, Miscanthus sinensis and Aster scaber. These five species contributed greatly to the standing crop of live material which was in excess of 60% of it. The peak standing crop of each 413.7, 307.6 and $348.7g /m^2$ in Moonheri-Wasoori, Soo- dowon-Sungilkyn and Mt. Kuruhak grasslands wars reached in August under flooded conditions as a result of the growth of dominant species, Medicago denticulata and Arundinella hirta. The net prodution of organic matter was slight in some intervals but occurred throughout the growing season After cutting of grasses, the regrowth of new leaves mainly depended on growing stage and edaphic factors. Characteristics of the natural grassland soils, especially, concerning water, total nitrogen, avail-able phosphorus and exchangeable calcium were clarified and might be depend upon the quantity of plant production. Nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium concentration of leaves of Medicago denticulata, Arundinella hirta and Miscanthus sinensis were higher than of stems. Even if diem we diffurmem in the a-mb of nutrients among Medicago denticulata hirta and Miacanthus sinensis for single species and stands. they were covered by variations within species in the present survey. Key words: Competition, Production, Productivity, Regrowth, Soil Properties, Vascular Flora.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.169-172
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• 1999

Small-seeded legumes can be cultured enclosed in slant agar tubes if dlese plants are to he used for authenicaiing rhizobia or for enumerating 1-hizobia by the plant-inlection technique. An improved method has been developed with substiluting agar slant lor Korean paper(Har7ji). This method was panicularly useful for legumes with rigid radicle such as Cn.xsin 1mnmame. With this method Bmr!,~li1rzobin,17 sp. stram CN9135 on C nonmne induced root nodules biginning at day 7 of the nodulation period in 6% of the l ~ l a ~ l s , and all of ihe plants nodulated 14 days after inoculation by strain CN9135.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.127-131
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• 1990

Various types of Complexipes moniliformis were found at two communities of Cassia minosoides var. nomame and lichen mixed with an unidentificable plant in Tae Ahn Kun (Chung Nam). The morphological features observed at the chlamydospore of Complexipes moniliformis were not significant, but the size of chlamydospores was quite different in the statistic analysis. The morphological features affected by environmental or genetic factors were discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.191-197
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• 1990

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were isolated from the soils of three different plant communities (Cassia mimsoides var. nomame, Themeda triandra var. japonica, Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens). Eight azygospores or chlamydospores of VA-mycorrhizal fungi were identified (eight species of four genera), and six among them newly described in Korea (six species of two genera); Glomus aggregatum, Gl. ambisporum, Gl. geosporum, Gl. mosseae, Scutellospora coralloidea, Sc. heterogama.