• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2011

Although sound intensity is considered as one of important factors in auditory processing, its neural mechanism in auditory neurons with limited dynamic range of firing rates is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of sound intensity adaptation on the change of glucose metabolism in a rat brain using [F-18] micro positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging technique. In the experiment, broadband white noise sound was given for 30 minutes after the [F-18]FDG injection in order to explore the functional adaptation of rat brain into the sound intensity levels. Nine rats were scanned with four different sound intensity levels: 40 dB, 60 dB, 80 dB, 100 dB sound pressure level (SPL) for four weeks. When glucose uptake during the adaptation of a high intensity sound level (100 dB SPL) was compared with that during adaptation to a low intensity level (40 dB SPL) in the experiment, the former induced a greater uptake at bilateral cochlear nucleus, superior olivary complexes and inferior colliculi in the auditory pathway. Expectedly, the metabolic activity in those areas linearly increased as the sound intensity level increased. In contrast, significant decrease interestingly occurred in the bilateral auditory cortices: The activities of auditory cortex proportionally decreased with higher sound intensities. It may reflect that the auditory cortex actively down-regulates neural activities when the sound gets louder.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.126-129
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• 2007

Recently the use of wireless network increases according to it solves the hand-off and with path loss, pading, noise etc of wireless network the research for transmission error improvement is developed. TCP and SCTP of standard where it guarantees the reliability of wire network apply in wireless network the congestion control, flow control mechanism used it decreases the efficiency of data transfer throughputs. In this paper, It mixes SCTP and SNOOP for SCTP apply on wireless network, to improve BS(Basic Station) operation processes when the transmission error occurs in wireless network. BS send ZWP(Zero Window Probe) to MN(Mobile Node) when the transmission error occurs so, check path and status and update RWND and error status checked. It selects the new path, send ZWA(Zero Window Advertisement) to FH(Fixed Host) and the prevents call to congestion control or flow control and it does to make wait status standing. Continuously of data transfer after the connection of wireless network is stabilized, it make increase about 10% the transmission throughput of data.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.1365-1372
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• 2014

In recent, the LTE(Long-Term Evolution) mobile communication system has been commercialized and a variety of service is being provided. Comparing to the old wireless access systems such as 3G mobile communications, in particular, the LTE system supports a service requiring a high transmission rate by providing broadband wireless access. In order to understand the possibility of successful support of a multimedia service such as IPTV(Internet Protocol Television) through the LTE system, it is necessary to understand the mechanism that decides the transmission rate supported by the LTE system. This paper, therefore, discusses on the relationship between a number of metrics such as CQI and BLER that affects the transmission rate with the measurement results from the field tests.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.8
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• pp.1161-1168
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• 2002

In this paper, the throughput performance of an ARQ scheme is analyzed with noisy feedback channel, in order to exactly analysis for performance of an ARQ scheme. An ARQ mechanism is presented by state diagram, and the throughput of an ARQ scheme is mathematically derived using generation function for a signal flow graph. The channel is modeled by the Nakagami-m fading channel which is distributed over far and wide, and the throughput performance of an ARQ scheme, which is applied in BPSK and BFSK systems, according to feedback gain and fading index m is analyzed through computer simulation. In the results, It is shown conformed that the throughput of an ARQ scheme decreased according to the increase of the noise for feedback channel, but it increased according to the increase of the feedback gain and fading index m. Also, it is shown that the throughput of an ARQ scheme using BPSK system is superior to BFSK system because of the difference of bit error probability between BPSK and BFSK systems.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2003

As piling works in urban area are increasing, SIP which has low noise & vibration piling method takes the place of driven pile which has good bearing charateristics and is economical. Although SIP has been used far more than 15 years and it's use is increasing year by year, accurate analysis of bearing mechanism of SIP is not enough. So the design of SIP is much more conservative than driven pile. This paper is aimed at analysing the bearing charateristics of 103 SIPs constructed in Korea to give rational design criteria. Research result shows that bearing capacity of SIP is 40% lower than that of driven pile and conservative Meyerhof(20$\bar{N}_b'A_b$) method produced closer result to load test results than any other design method. And this result shows that in order to use optimised design criteria for the economical SIP design, quality control criteria must be settled down to produce high bearing capacity.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.7A
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• pp.757-767
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• 2008

Start Ongoing next generation networks are expected to be deployed over current existing networks, in the form of overlayed heterogeneous networks, in particular, in hot spot areas. Therefore, it will be necessary to develop an interworking technique such as load balancing, to achieve increased overall resource utilization in the various heterogeneous networks. In this paper, we present a new load balancing mechanism termed 'soft' load balancing where the IP(Internet Protocol) traffic of a user is divided into sub-traffic, each of which flows into a different access network. The terminology of soft load balancing involves the use of both load sharing and handover techniques. Through a numerical analysis, we obtain an optimal LBR (Load Balancing Ratio) for determining the volume of traffic delivered to each network over an overlayed multi-cell environment. Using the optimal LBR, a more reliable channel transmission can be achieved by reducing the outage probability efficiently for a given user traffic.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1069-1077
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• 2015

In tunnel excavation using blast, the wire saw rock cutting method generates a discontinuity perimeter around the center cut, and thus prevents blast vibration propagation to reduce vibration and noise. Therefore, the method is expected to be easy to use and economical compared with other methods. In this paper, the cutting mechanism of wire saw in tunnel excavation is investigated. A model describing the changes in cutting depth and wire saw shape inside a rock during cutting is established and validated for this purpose. Through a simulation using the model, the important characteristics of wire saw cut are investigated, and the influences of cutting conditions, such as wire saw tension, wire saw speed, feed speed, depth, and diameter of boring, on cutting performance are also examined. A method to improve the cutting performance is proposed based on the results.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.76-82
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• 2001

Most fluid machines can be considered as periodic noise sources when operated under constant conditions, which allows for a frequency domain representation of the source and the associated acoustic field In the duct. In such a representation, the source is characterized by frequency-dependent values of both strength and impedance. Although knowledge of these values can be gained by either experimentation or by modeling, one-port acoustic characteristics of an in-duct source with high flow velocity, high temperature, and high sound level can be measured only by the multiload method using an overdetermined set of open pipes with different lengths as applied loads. However, the problem is that negative source resistances have been often measured. This paper reviews the possible causes of the problem, with reference to experimental and theoretical results, in an attempt to clarify the issue. A new interpretation is given for the violation of basic assumptions and the defect in the algorithm of multiload method. The major cause and mechanism of the problem is due to the violation of time invariance assumption of the source and the load impedance can seriously affect the final measured result of source impedance.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.39.2-39.2
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• 2010

In this paper, I present the domestic development of near infrared camera systems for the ground telescope and the space satellite. These systems are the first infrared instruments made for astronomical observation in Korea. KASINICS (KASI Near Infrared Camera System) was developed to be installed on the 1.8m telescope of the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO) in Korea. KASINICS is equipped with a $512{\times}512$ InSb array enable L band observations as well as J, H, and Ks bands. The field-of-view of the array is $3.3'{\times}3.3'$ with a resolution of 0.39"/pixel. It employs an Offner relay optical system providing a cold stop to eliminate thermal background emission from the telescope structures. From the test observation, limiting magnitudes are J=17.6, H=17.5, Ks=16.1 and L(narrow)=10.0 mag at a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 in an integration time of 100 s. MIRIS (Multi-purpose InfraRed Imaging System) is the main payload of the STSAT-3 in Korea. MIRIS Space Observation Camera (SOC) covers the observation wavelength from $0.9{\mu}m$ to $2.0{\mu}m$ with a wide field of view $3.67^{\circ}{\times}3.67^{\circ}$. The PICNIC HgCdTe detector in a cold box is cooled down below 100K by a micro Stirling cooler of which cooling capacity is 220mW at 77K. MIRIS SOC adopts passive cooling technique to chill the telescope below 200K by pointing to the deep space (3K). The cooling mechanism employs a radiator, a Winston cone baffle, a thermal shield, MLI of 30 layers, and GFRP pipe support in the system. Opto-mechanical analysis was made in order to estimate and compensate possible stresses from the thermal contraction of mounting parts at cryogenic temperatures. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of mechanical structure was also conducted to ensure safety and stability in launching environments and in orbit. MIRIS SOC will mainly perform the Galactic plane survey with narrow band filters (Pa $\alpha$ and Pa $\alpha$ continuum) and CIB (Cosmic Infrared Background) observation with wide band filters (I and H) driven by a cryogenic stepping motor.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.4 no.2 s.7
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• pp.81-87
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• 2005

In this paper, a VCDRO(Voltage Control Dielectirc Resonator Oscillator) for signal source of doppler radar system is designed and fabricated. The proposed VCDRO is made with new tuning mechanism using CPW line. The coplanar waveguide of $\lambda_{g}$/2 in length with varactor diode is placed on the metallization side under the dielectric resonator and coupled to it. Tuning varactor diode is mounted at one end of the CPW. The proposed circuit tuned by a CPW allows one more varactor diode to be mounted on the optimized CPW, where a greater sensitivity of frequency tuning is needed. With varying the biasing voltage for the varactor diode from 0 V to 15 V, output frequency tuning of 12 MHz is obtained. The PLDRO exhibits output power of 16.5 dBm with phase noise in the phase locked state characteristic of -115 dBc/Hz at 100 Hz, -105 dBc/Hz at the 10 kHz, and -102 dBc/Hz at 1 Hz offset from 10.525 GHz , respectively.