• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.313-318
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• 1990

Forty-two outbred female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 145 g were used to study the effects of a beta-agonist, cimaterol, on growth, body composition and urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine (MH) at 3, 6 and 18 d. Cimaterol (CIM) was administered in the feed at 10 mg/kg. The growth promoting effect of CIM was most evident during the initial part of the feeding period, followed by a gradual decrease in the magnitude of the response with no significant effect at 18 d. The action of CIM was confined to skeletal and cardiac muscles with no stimulating effect on other organs. The amount of urine excretion and urinary MH excretion was reduced (p<.01) at 3 d in the CIM group. No difference was found at 6 d, followed by an increased urine excretion (p<.05) and MH excretion (p<.01) at 18 d. An inverse relationship between growth rate and urinary MH excretion suggested that the increased growth rate of CIM-fed rats during the initial part of the feeding period is primarily attributed to the decreased protein degradation rate. It was further suggested that both fractional synthesis rate and fractional degradation rate increased during the later part of the feeding period.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.547-554
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• 1994

This paper presents the effects of supplementary feeding and internal parasites on the growth rates of female weaner goats raised under improved management. A completely randomized $3{\times}3{\times}2$ factorial design was used. Factors were genotype (Thai native: TN, 75% TN $\times$ 25% Anglo-Nubian: An and 50% TN $\times$ 50% AN), feeding grazing only, low (1.0% BW/d) and high (1.5% BW/d) supplementation and parasite control (undrenched and drenched). It was shown that native goats had significantly (p<0.05) higher growth rates than did the cross-bred goats from 12-24 weeks of the trial. The growth rate of goats grazing improved pasture depended on the amount of concentrate offered as a supplement. There was no significant difference in growth rates between undrenched and drenched goats. There was no interaction effect on growth rates between the treatments. Drenched goats had significantly (p<0.01) lower egg counts per gram of gastro-intestinal nematode than did undrenched goats. There was no significant difference between the treatments for blood constituents (total protein, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and basophils).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.748-753
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• 2007

Serum biochemical values were measured in blood samples collected from 8 fasted stags from both jugular and femoral veins at 18-day intervals during antler growth. Samples were analyzed for blood substrate, enzyme activity values, minerals and electrolyte. There were no significant differences in total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, triglyceride, glucose or cholesterol concentration between veins or sampling dates. However, total-bilirubin concentration in the jugular vein on the casting date was three times higher than on the other sampling dates (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase with progressing antler growth. The highest level of alkaline phosphatase concentration was on day 55 after casting. There were no significant differences in inorganic phosphorus, sodium and chloride concentration between jugular and femoral samples. Calcium concentration was significantly higher in the femoral vein on the cutting date (55 day) than in the jugular vein (p<0.05). There were few changes in serum biochemical values. However, some electrolytes and minerals had differences during antler growth. It is suggested that despite such a big event as antler growth, blood biochemical values are not variable if feeding conditions are consistently maintained as was the case in this study.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제8권
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• pp.19-23
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• 1969

질소원, 탄소원을 달리하여 배양한 Fusarium oxysporium f. cucumerinum에 Grand 유제를 농도별로 처리했을 때 균사의 발육신장에 미치는 영향에 대하여 비교 검토한 실험결과를 보면 다음과 같다. (1) Fusarium oxysporium f. cucumerinum은 질소원이 $(MH_4)_2HPO_4,\; NH_4NO_3$인 배지에서 탄소원은 Fructose 배지에서 균사의 발육신장이 양호하였다. (2) 각종 질소원과 탄소원에서 배양한 균을 Grand유각 1,000배액을 처리하면 다같이 균사의 발육이 완전히 조지되었으며 5,000배액에서는 영양원의 종류에 따라 차이가 있어 $NH_4NO_3$배지, Lactose배지, Fructose 배지에서 배양한 균만 생육이 조지되고 기타 영양원에서 배양한 균은 균사의 신장은 되었으나 무처리에 비해 어느정도 억제되는것 같다. 10,000배액에서는 모든 종류의 영양원에서 배양한 균이 균사의 신장이 일어났는데 무처리에 비해 생육이 촉진되는 것도 있고 $NH_4NO_3$ 배지, Fructose배지에서 배양한 균은 오히려 억제되는 것도 있었다. (3) 이상 연구결과로 보아 Grand유제는 농도와 오이 만할병균이 영양상태에 따라 살균력에 영향을 주는것으로 사려된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1973

목련흰비단병균 Sclerotium rolfsii의 균사생장 및 균핵형성에 대한 thianine, biotin, nicotinic acid, Pyrido-xine, inositol과 DNA 및 RNA의 영향을 조사한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 공시균은 thiamine 결핍균으로서 균사생장 최적 thiamine 농도는 20r/l이고 이농도를 초과하면 오히려 균사생장이 억제되어 150r/l에서는 무첨가구와 거이 비슷한 균사생장을 하였다. 2. 공시균의 생장에 있어서 thiamine의 첨가에 따른 질소원 이용도는 $NH_4NO_3>(NH_4)_2SO_4>asparagine>KNO_3$의 순위이며 질소원별 thiamine 최적요구량은 $KNO_3$인 경우 12r/l, asparagine인 경우는 16r/l정도였다. 균핵형성량에 있어서는 $KNO_3>NH_4NO_3>asparagine>(NH_4)_2SO_4$의 순위로 질소원별 thiamine 최적량은 $KNO_3,\;NNO_3,\;NH_4NO_3$가 8r/l에서 균핵의 대부분이 형성되나 asparagine은 16r/l정도였다. 3. 배양액의 pH는 공시균이 생장을 개시하자마자 3.5정도로 급격히 떨어지나 그 이후로는 생장량이 증가함에 따라 완만하게 떨어졌다. 그러나 pH2.2 이하로는 내려가지 않았다. 4. Nicotinic acid는 공시균의 생장 및 균핵형성에 아무런 효과가 없었다. 그러나 thiamine 10r/l와의 공존하에서는 다소의 효과가 있는 것으로 nicotinic acid 7-10mg/l에서 가장 생장이 좋았고 그 이상에서는 생육이 억제되었다. 5. Pyridoxine, biotin 및 inositol은 배지의 질소원이 $(NH_4)_2SO_4$나 asparagine인 경우 모두 공시균의 균사생장 및 균핵형성에 아무런 효과가 없었다. 6. 공시균의 균사생 장에 대한 각종 vitamin의 상호효과는 thiamine, biotin, Pyridoxine, inositol의 4가지 combination에 의해서도 thiamine이 첨가되지 않으면 거이 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 thiamine+pyridoxine, thiamine + inositol, thiamine + biotin + pyrid oxine, thiamine + biotin + pyridoxine + inositol 구에 있어서는 thiamine단독첨가구와 동등 혹은 그 이상이지만 thiamine+biotin과 thianline+biftin+inositol구는 오히려 떨어졌다. 균핵형성에 있어서는 thiamine단독구에 비하여 각구 모두 약간씩 증가하였다. 7. 공시균의 균사생장에 대한 DNA와 RNA의 효과는 무첨가구에 비하여 다소 인정되는데 DNA보다는 RNA가 좀더 효과적이었다. RNA는 2-6mg/l에서 DNA는 6mg/l에서 가장 좋았다. 균핵형성에 있어서는 효과가 없 었다. 8. RNA의 농도가 증가함에 따라 또 thiamine의 농도가 증가함에 따라 균사생장량이 증가하는 것으로 thiamine의 존재하에 RNA의 효과가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 그러나 균핵형성에는 효과가 없었다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.409-413
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• 2005

본 논문에는 자가영양균의 최대비성장율 추정법이 제시되었다. 먼저 질산화균의 농도가 질산화 된 암모니아, 슬러지 일령 및 사멸계수를 이용하여 시뮬레이션 되었고, 다음단계로 과잉암모니아를 공급하여 질산화균의 호흡율을 측정하였다. 자가영양균의 최대비성장율은 ${\mu}_{max,A}\;=\;OUR_{max,A}/Y_A$의 관계를 통해 계산되어질 수 있으며 추정된 최대비성장율은 운전기간에 걸쳐 일정한 값을 가지지 앉고 시간에 따라 변화한다는 결과를 얻었다. 본 연구를 통해 최대호흡율을 이용한 최대비성장율의 동적 추정법이 수행되었고, 일정한 최대비성장율를 이용한 처리장 운전결과 예측은 처리장 거동을 예측할 수 없으며 활성슬러지공정의 성능예측을 위한 시뮬레이션을 위해서는 동적 추정된 매개변수의 사용이 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제7권2_3호
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• pp.81-94
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of herbicides, simazine, pendimethalin, propyzamide and asulam on the growth of Zoysia matrella when they are treated at different growth stages of the plant. The reaction of Zoysia matrella to herbicides differed depending on kinds of herbicides, their concentcations, and time of treatment. Simazine at the higher concentration of 600g /l0a exhibited inhibitory effect on leaf dry matter and growth of runner when treated on April 5, 1991. The highest inhibition of leaf and runner was observed in the plot applied on May 23, 1990. The sprouting and growth of Zoysia matrella was not affected by all the concentrations of the herbicides applied on October 23,1991. Pendimethalin did not influence the growth of Zoysia matrella at he treatment of April 5. However, at the treatment of May 23, the number and growth of runner was inhibited although the plant height and leaf dry matter was not affected. When pendimethalin was treated on October 23, the growth of runner was very slightly reduced in the next year. In case of propyzamide, there was no inhibitory effect on the growth of Zoysia matrella regardless of treatment of times, methods, and dosages. Greater inhibition in the growth of Zoysia matrella was observed at higher dosage(1,ll0g /l0a)-treated plot on April 5 and all the concentrations treated on May 23. But, no inhibition was observed on the October 23 treatment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2021

Human capital and innovation capacities are essential elements and one of the sustainable approaches to driving economic growth. However, there is debate among scholars concerning these two factors in fostering economic growth. This study investigates the relationships between human capital and innovation capacity and economic growth in selected ASEAN countries, namely, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. Economists widely discussed the interrelation of human capital and innovation. A large body of literature stated that human capital is an essential factor and engine of economic growth. Innovation has become key in transforming the economic development of developing countries. We analyze human capital (HC) and innovation capacity (INC) using static panel data analysis. The data analysis shows that the fixed-effect model is the best model in this study. Further, human capital (HC) has a significant positive relationship with economic growth. Meanwhile, innovation capacity has no significant relationship with economic growth. We also found that Malaysia's coefficient of human capital and innovation capacity is higher and more efficient than in Thailand and Indonesia. In conclusion, human capital and innovation capacity are crucial elements for measuring economic growth. Skilled human capital contributes significantly to the economic growth and economic development of a nation.

• 환경생물
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.536-541
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• 2021

Pantala flavescens is a dominant Odonata species in the rice fields in Korea. To determine the effects of different temperatures on its larval growth and emergence, field and laboratory experiments were conducted. Larval growth was also monitored in mono-cropping and double-cropping rice fields. The growth of larvae was monitored every week by measuring the head width. In the field experiment, no difference was found in larval growth and emergence between the control temperature and +1.9℃ of the control temperature. The larval growth was greater at 23℃ than at 20℃ laboratory temperatures, and no emergence was recorded at either temperature after eight weeks of monitoring. There was a quadratic relationship between larval growth and temperature in an incubator at five temperature regimes of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35℃. Midseason water drainage caused the extinction of the existing individuals and newly hatched larvae dominated after re-watering in the rice fields. Larval size was greater in double-cropping fields than in mono-cropping fields in late July but the tendency was reversed in early August. The results of this study suggest that temperature warming will directly promote the larval growth of P. flavescens and indirectly influence seasonal growth via changes in water management in rice fields.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.229-233
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• 2010

본 연구는 팔레놉시스의 생육에 적합한 배양액내 $NO_3^-$와 $NH_4^+$의 비율을 찾고 그리고 그 비율이 화경의 품질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 수행되었다. 실험에 사용된 배양액내 $NO_3^-$와 $NH_4^+$의 비율은 100%: 0%, 90%: 10%, 80%: 20%, 70%: 30%였다. 배양액내 팔레놉시스의 생육은$NO_3^-$만을 공급할 때보다 $NO_3^-$와 $NH_4^+$를 함께 공급할 때 생육이 증가하였다. 특히 $NH_4^+$의 비율이 10%일 때 생체중과 건물중이 가장 높았다. 그러나 배양액내 $NH_4^+$의 비율이 10%에서 30%로 증가함에 따라 지상부와 뿌리의 생육은 감소 되었다. 화경의 길이, 개체당 화경수와 소화수 모두 $NH_4^+$ 비율이 0%에서 10%로 증가함에 따라 높았으나 30%로 높아질수록 감소하였다. 즉, 팔레놉시스의 생육에 적합한 배양액내 $NO_3^-$와 $NH_4^+$의 비율은 90%:10%이었다.