• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2004

This paper includes the comparative study between Cr plating and nitriding process with an aim at improving corrosion, wear and maintainability for KNR(Korean Next Generation Rifle) 5.5mm barrel. The endurance test was conducted to compare the performance of standard barrel, Cr plating barrel and nitriding barrel. Main activities are described as follows; optimal Cr plating and nitriding process set-up for KNR 5.56mm barrel; durability test of each barrel(20,000 rounds); salt water immersion test; dispersion, initial velocity, inner diameter data acquisition. According to the results of this firing test, Cr plating barrel is superior to standard barrel and nitriding barrel in view of corrosion, wear and maintainability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.337-345
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• 2000

As a case hardening process for stainless steels, nitriding is more preferred and widely used than carburizing which deterioates corrosion resistance severely. In order to add the nitrogen into the stainless steels, passive film on the surface must be removed effectively before nitriding. Conventional gas nitriding process is performed in the temperature range of 500 to $600^{\circ}C$ with $NH_3$ gas, which often leads to sensitization of stainless steels. In this study, we tried to activate passive film of austenitic stainless steels by heating at low pressure. ($900^{\circ}C$, $5{\times}10^{-2}$ Torr.) Nitriding was performed at the solution treatment temperature of $1100^{\circ}C$ with nitrogen molecules instead of $NH_3$ gas. An attainable nitrogen content in a case depends on the nitrogen gas pressure at constant nitriding temperature. A case depth is proportional to the square root of solution time, which suggests that inward diffusion of nitrogen follows the Fick's 2nd law. Surface nitrogen atoms are dissolved as interstitial solutes, or precipitated in the form of MN, $M_2N$ nitrides, which increase the case hardeness. Dissolved nitrogen in the case enhances the cavitation resistance of austenitic stainless steels dramatically.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.234-240
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• 2005

In this study, ion nitriding of a EHA pump part made of AISI 4340 steel was performed under different applied power conditions to study the relationship between dimensional changes of specimens and the type of applied power source. Microstructures and micohardness distribution at different processing conditions were also examined. Duplex surface treatment of ion nitriding with the optimum process conditions to produce the minimum dimensional variation in a EHA pump part and a TiN thin film coating by unbalanced magnetron sputtering was performed and the specimens with a duplex surface treatment were subjected to a high speed wear test to evaluate the wear performance of EHA hydraulic pump parts with various surface treatment conditions. Results indicated that uniform and continuous surface layer with a minimum dimensional variation could be obtained by ion nitriding with bipolar mode power source and much enhanced wear characteristics with a duplex surface treatment could be obtained, compared with results from ion nitriding or single-layerd TiN coating specimens.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.76-81
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• 2005

The effect of micro-pulse plasma nitriding temperature and time on the case thickness, hardness and nitride formation in the surface of Fe-12Cr-22Mn-X alloy with 3% Co and 1% Ti alloys elements investigated. External compound layer and internal diffusion layer was constituted in plasma nitride case of Fe-12Cr-22Mn-X alloys and formed nitride phase such as ${\gamma}'-Fe4N\;and\;{\varepsilon}-Fe2-3N$. Case depth increased with increasing the plasma nitriding temperature and time. Surface hardness of nitrided Fe-12Cr-22Mn-X alloys obtained the above value of Hv 1,600 and case depth obtained the above value of $45{\mu}m$ in Fe-12Cr-22Mn-3Co alloy and $60{\mu}m$ in Fe-12Cr-22Mn-1Ti alloy. Wear-resistance increased with increasing plasma nitriding time and showing the higher value in Fe-12Cr-22Mn-1Ti alloy than Fe-12Cr-22Mn-3Co alloy.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.184-189
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• 1994

The heat treatment charaterristic of SCM 440 and B 16 steels has been investigated in various condition(A, B and C) to the effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties, and the following results were obtained. 1. We are obtained a good nitriding characteristic in bainitic structure than other heat treatment cycle in our experiment. 2. Fatigue characteristic has shown in order of B)C)A condition as heat treatment cycle. 3. The effective hardening depth and fatigue characteristic has been excellented in B 16 than SCM 440 after the nitriding and Q. T for Band C condition. 4. Nitriding depth has been increased in addition of Cr, V and the nitriding efficiency is increased as easiness of banite formation to wide range of cooling rate by addition of Mo. 5. The depth of compound layer in parallel surface, notched slop plane and notched bottom has been varied to the nitriding depth of 5, 4 and 3 ${\mu}$ in relatively uniform pattern after 10h nitriding treatment for SCM 440 into A condition.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.79-82
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• 2005

This study investigated the effect of nitriding on the hardness and adhesion properties of $TiB_2$ coatings. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was used for both nitriding and deposition. By applying ICP, H13 steel was nitrided at a high rate of $50\;{\mu}m/hr$. After nitriding, a Fe4N compound layer or a diffusion layer was formed according to the hydrogen/nitrogen ratio. Both layers could improve the load-bearing capacity of the substrate by increasing the substrate hardness. The adhesion of the $TiB_2$ coatings increased to $\~30N$ after nitriding, but the hardness of the coating was lowered to 20-30 GPa. However, the adhesion of the $TiB_2$ coatings with a high hardness (>60 GPa) could not be improved substantially by nitriding due to the large difference in hardness between the coating and the substrate. The grain size of the $TiB_2$ coating was larger on the nitrided substrates, resulting in a decrease in the hardness of the coating.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.587-594
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• 2016

Various surface treatments and thin film coating processes on the surface of injection die steel have been developed to extend the life. Most of previous studies were mainly focused on investigating the wear and static bonding behavior of thin films. In this study complex surface treatments of DLC coating combined with ion nitriding were applied to increase fatigue life and wear resistance. Ion nitriding, DLC coating, and DLC coating following nitriding on the surface of Fe-3.0Ni-0.7Cr-1.4Mn-X steel were investigated to uncover the beneficial effect which is applicable to injection die. The effect of various surface treatments and coating conditions on high cycle fatigue resistance was studied. Surface morphology change during fatigue tests were observed with AFM. Fatigue life of the die steel increased by 10 to 1,000 times at the various level of stress amplitudes in the condition of DLC coating following the ion nitriding for 3 hrs comparing with the only DLC coated condition.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.251-256
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• 2007

Plasma nitriding is a surface treatment process which is increasingly used to improve wear, fatigue and corrosion resistance of industrial parts. Active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) has both the advantages of the classic cold wall and the hot wall conventional dc plasma nitriding (DCPN) method and the parts to be nitrided are no longer directly exposed to the plasma. In this study, AS plasma nitriding has been used to nitride the UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel, AISI 304 and AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel, and AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel. Treated specimenswere characterized by means of microstructural analysis, microhardness measurements and electrochemical tests in NaCl aerated solutions. Hardness of the nitride cases of AISI 420 stainless steel by Knoop test can get up to 1300 HK0.1. From polarization tests, the corrosion current densities of AISI 420 and UNS S31803specimens ASPN at $420^{\circ}C$ were generally lower than those of their untreated substrates. The corrosion resistance of UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel can be enhanced by plasma nitriding at $420^{\circ}C$ Cowing to the formation of the S-phase.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.358-362
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• 2004

$Si_3$$N_4$ ceramics have been identified as one of the promising structural ceramics. This study has been carried out to investigate of the synthetic behaviors of $Si_3$$N_4$ derived from domestic silica-stone by direct nitriding method. The silicon nitridation reaction has been studied in the temperature range of $1300～1550^{\circ}C$. Below the $1400^{\circ}C$, the nitriding rate was measured to be 16%. For the temperatures higher than the $1400^{\circ}C$, $\beta$-$Si_3$$N_4$ phase was formed mainly, and the nitriding rate showed above 98%. With the increasing of sample weight of silicon powder, the nitriding rate and $\beta$-$Si_3$$N_4$ phase increased at $1400^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. The shape and particle size of$ Si_3$$N_4$ powder synthesized at $1400^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours showed the irregular angular-type and 10 $\mu\textrm{m}$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.309-314
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• 2023

This study aimed to address the limitations of traditional plasma nitriding methods by implementing a short-term plasma oxy-nitriding treatment on the surface of AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel. This treatment involved the sequential formation of nitride and oxide layers, to enhance surface hardness and corrosion resistance, respectively. The process resulted in the formation of a 20 ㎛-thick nitride layer and a 3 ㎛-thick oxide layer on the steel surface. Initially, the hardness increased by 2.2 times after nitriding, followed by a subsequent decrease of approximately 31 % after oxidation. While the nitriding process reduced corrosion resistance, the subsequent oxidation process led to the formation of a passive oxide film, effectively resolving this issue. The pitting corrosion of the oxide passive film started at 82.6 mVssc, providing better corrosion resistance characteristics than the nitride layer. Consequently, the trade-off between surface hardness and corrosion resistance in plasma oxy-nitrided AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel is anticipated to be recognized as an innovative and comprehensive surface treatment process for biomedical components.