• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.356-362
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• 2019

This study investigated the substantivity of anionic dyes for cationic-modified new rayon (cocell) fabric treated with cationic agent (CA), 3-(Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylammonium chloride (CA). We also investigate the dyeability of cationic-modified new rayon fabric after dyeing with gallut. CA was converted in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide into epoxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride. Treating with this epoxy reagent modified the hydroxyl groups of the new rayon fabric into the trimethylammonium group through ether linkage. The introduction of new cationic sites into new rayon fabric by pretreating with cationic agent improved the substantivity of the Gallnut dye with the new rayon dyebath. The degree of the cationization of cationic-modified new rayon and cotton fabric was evaluated by nitrogen (N) content. This study extracted the colorant of gallnut with hot water at $90^{\circ}C$ and 120 min. Cationic-modified new rayon fabric dyed with extracted solution from gallnut according to concentration of gallnut, dyeing temperature, dyeing time and concentration of cationic agent. Dyeability (K/S) was obtained by CCM observation after dyeing with gallut solution. In addition, fastness to washing and light were also investigated. The degree of crystallinity of new rayon and cotton fabric were 42.15% and 54.94%, respectively. N (%) content of cationic-modified new rayon was higher than the cationic-modified cotton. Dyeability (K/S) increased significantly with the increasing concentration of CA and gallut.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 1997

용제법에 의한 New Rayon(이하, 상표명 Tencel로 호칭) 는 영국 Caurtaulds 사에 의해, 방사공정에서의 제조기술이 장기간에 걸친 오랜 동안의 연구개발을 계속한 노력의 결과로 탄생된 것인데, 그 경위를 간추려보면 다음과 같다.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.283-292
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• 1996

This study examines the character of "Tencel" named as Ecology Fiber and investigates the fitness of it as the textile and the satisfaction in dress when its fastness is compared with that of Rayon classified into Celulose textile. Dye experiment selected 100% Tencel, Rayon for the samples, which were dyed into the direct dye and Turky Blue and Blue of the rective dye and were washed twelve times by the automatic washer. After that, the dye experiment examines the light, laundering, perspiration, rubbing and the composite fastness of the perspiration and hight in the lists of the dye fastness. The results are as follows: 1. The experiment of the color fastness, especially in T-blue of the direct dyestuff, requiring the twelve times-repeatedly-washing by the detergent says that the color fastness of Tencel is superior to that of the cellulose textile ; Rayon. 2. The experiment of the light fastness says that the fastness of Tencel is superior to that of Rayon. 3. The experiment of the laundering fastness says that all of Tencel, Rayon shows the excellent result in the direct dye than in the reactive dye. 4. The experiment of the rubbing fastness says that although Tencel, Rayon show the remarkable result in the desiccant experiment than in the humid one, the rubbing fastness of Tencel is superior to that of others. 5. The experiment of perspiration fastness says that Tencel, Rayon have the closely tightened tendency not to be altered through the acid and alkali perspirations. 6. The experiment of the composite fastness of perspiration and light indicates that the artifical perspirations, though the light lets the fastness of textiles weeken, do very slightly make them loosen, which does not offer the outstanding result. This whole result show that the fastness of Tencel is superior to that of Rayon. The Korean Fiber Enterprise in clothing should make the new and ecological fiber "Tencel" by means of the large amount of investment, and the technique of handing and controlling about it, considering that the dangerous needle of environmental pollution has been slackening the close-related ecological knots of the global environment. global environment.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.579-586
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• 2017

In this study, new materials and shapes for a residential humidifying element were investigated. These elements could replace the current Japanese folded-type rayon/PE elements. Samples were taken from three different materials - rayon/PET (50:50), kraft/PET (40:60), kraft/PET/carbon. Results showed that the humidification efficiencies of the new samples were lower than those of the Japanese product. The efficiencies were 59% for the Japanese product (rayon/PET), 62% for kraft/PET and 84% for kraft/PET/carbon. This could be due to lower rayon or kraft content in the present samples than that in the Japanese product. However, pressure drops in the present samples were significantly lower than that in the Japanese product, due to improved channel configuration. The humidification capacity at the same pumping power ($j_m/f^{1/3}$) was 60% to 82% higher for the kraft/PET/carbon sample compared with the Japanese product. Furthermore, the results are compared with theoretical predictions.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.219-224
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• 2004

The reactive printing properties of regular viscose rayon and a new regenerated cellulosic fiber (en Vix^{\textregistered}$) which was prepared from cellulose acetate fiber was investigated in a comparative manner. From the results, it was found that en Vix exhibited better printing properties than regular viscose rayon. It showed stable final color yields, irrespective of the amount of thickener, hence reproducibility of printing of en Vix is expected to be excellent. In addition, urea requirements were less for the printings on en Vix than for the corresponding printing on viscose rayon. Therefore, en Vix is also expected to reduce the amount of the urea which causes environmental problems in dyehouse effluent.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.100-111
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• 2022

After the corona pandemic, when consumers choose clothes, the issue of sustainability has become a more important selection criterion. The eco-friendly functional fiber used in the study is a smartcell, which has functions such as UV protection, decomposition of harmful substances, deodorization, antibacterial and biodegradation. This eco-friendly functional fiber was dyed using five kinds of natural dyes to examine the color change according to dyeability and dyeing conditions. As natural dyes, gardenia, turmeric, sappan wood, lac, and indigo were used. For comparison with smartcell, rayon, a cellulose regenerated fiber, and wool fiber, a protein fiber, were dyed under the same conditions to compare dyeability and color. The study results are as follows. It was found that smartcell had superior dyeability compared to rayon and wool in gardenia dye and showed lower dyeability than wool when dyeing turmeric, sappan wood, and lac dyes, but showed superior or similar dyeability than rayon. In case of indigo dyeing, the dyeability of smartcell was the best when dyed once, but it was found that smartcell had a lower effect on repeated dyeing compared to wool or rayon. Therefore, smartcell has superior dyeability compared to rayon fiber in gardenia, turmeric, sappan wood, and lac dyeing, and in case of indigo dyeing, it is suitable for light dyeing. When smartcell is produced as textile fashion products, natural dyeing is actively introduced and commercialized, and it is hoped that this study can be a reference material.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.44-51
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• 2004

Three bi-functional reactive dyes such as Bis(vinylsulphone) type, Bis(monochlorotriazine) type and Bis(mononicotinotriazine) type were applied to regular viscose rayon and new regenerated cellulosic fiber ($enVix^ⓡ$) which was prepared from cellulose acetate fiber by the hydrolysis of acetyl groups, and their dyeing properties and fastness properties were compared. enVix exhibited better dyeability and fastness than regular viscose rayon and these results were also explained by the differences in the supramolecular structure of these two fibers.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.549-556
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• 2018

In November 2011, various artifacts were excavated from the No. 8 stone-lined tomb in Suchon-ri, Gongju by the Chungnam Institute of History and Culture. These included artifacts with lacquered mainframe and silvery metal ornament. These were recovered together with soil and underwent conservation treatment. In this paper, we discuss the scientific analysis and conservation treatment of the lacquered artifacts excavated from the Suchon-ri site. Among our findings is that the artifacts have three layers of lacquer coating and the metal parts are primarily composed of Ag. As the artifacts were recovered with soil from the site, the soil was removed from underneath and inside the artifacts. The inside of the lacquerware was reinforced with rayon paper using 3% funori, and the metal was treated with acrylic resin after removing the acrylic resin previously used to recover the artifact, followed by cleaning. The metal was also internally reinforced with gauze. Finally, the interior reinforcement was made using PVA and resin in pulp and attached with funori to preserve the shape of the lacquerware, and the exposed rayon was finished with acrylic paint. The main advantages of this study are its review of conservation treatment strategies for lacquer artifacts whose numbers have recently increased, and the application of new conservation treatment methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.213-218
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• 2002

Total nitrogen is a major pollutant which mostly causes eutrophication and red tide. Wastewater effluent from printing of cotton-viscose rayon containing high concentrations of total nitrogen can not be effectively treated with a typical biological treatment process. This paper provides a new treatment process and experimental results for the removal of high strength nitrogen from dyeing wastewater. The optimum conditions of air stripping for the removal of total nitrogen include around pH 12, temperature $60^{\circ}C$ with 60 minutes of stripping time. In case of a filtration-air stripping process, an initial level ($500mg/{\ell}$) of total nitrogen was significantly reduced to below $60mg/{\ell}$. Deconite was synthesised for further decomposition of organic nitrogen. Thus, a filtration-decomposition-air stripping process was possibly achieved, by which a high level ($900mg/{\ell}$) of total nitrogen was effectively removed to below $60mg/{\ell}$ P. Finally, a continuous new process for the removal of total nitrogen is proposed and confirmed, based on batch experimental results, and its process validity is further discussed throughout.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.819-823
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• 2011

The relationship between the microstructure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behavior of pitch-, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-, and Rayon-based carbon fibers (CFs) has been studied in detail. Three types of carbon fiber were exposed to isothermal oxidation in air and the weight change was measured by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) apparatus. After activation energy was gained according to the conversion at reacting temperature, the value of specific surface area and the surface morphology was compared, and the reaction mechanism of oxidation affecting development of pores of carbon fibers was examined. This study will lead to a new insight into the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of carbon fibers.