• 정보학연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.73-88
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• 2000

다용량과 보안성이 뛰어난 IC카드는 새로운 지급결제수단의 필요성이 증대됨과 함께 정보통신기술과 전자기술의 발달로 사회각 분야에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 1995년 영국의 스위든시에서 $\ulcorner$MONEX$\lrcorner$ 라는 IC카드형 전자화폐가 상용화 실험에 착수한 이래 여러 국가에서 상용화 실험에 착수하였으며, 우리나라에서도 지난 10월 제주도에서, 12월 16일에는 VISA-CASH가 여의도에서 상용화 실험에 착수하는 등 금융결제원, 비자코리아 몬덱스코리아 등 3사가 각기 다른 형태의 IC카드형태의 전자화폐의 실험에 착수하였다. 그러나 이러한 각기 다른 실험착수는 중복 투자 뿐 아니라 범용성이 떨어져 상용화에 실패할 가능성이 있다. 따라서 범용성을 갖추기 위한 표준화의 필요성이 절실하며 국제적인 호환성도 고려한 전자화폐의 개발이 절실하다. 한편 발행 주체에 대하여 전자화폐의 신뢰성과 통화관리의 필요성을 위하여 금융기관으로 제한하고 있으나 금융기관의 보수적인 영업 형태 및 낙후성을 고려할 때 신기술의 도입에 적극적이고 개혁적인 기업에게도 전자화폐를 발행할 수 있는 권리를 부여하되 자격을 엄격히 규제함으로서 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있도록 하여야 할 것이다.

• 과학기술학연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.59-82
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• 2004

지난 1990년대 중반 이후부터 나노기술(nanotechnology)이 정보기술 및 생명공학과 더불어 사회에 가장 파급력이 높은 기술로 새롭게 떠오르고 있다. 이에 따라 현재 우리나라를 포함한 많은 나라들이 나노기술의 개발을 위해 엄청난 투자를 아끼지 않고 있다. 그러나 나노기술은 아직은 개발의 초창기 단계임에도 불구하고 이 기술이 사회에 던지는 함의들에 대해서는 현재 매우 많은 논란들이 야기되고 있는 실정이다. 최근 물질이 나노 크기의 입자가 되면 독성이 강해진다는 연구 결과가 나와 커다란 논란을 일으킨 바 있고, 또한 나노기술이 인체 및 환경에 미치는 영향뿐만 아니라 사회적, 윤리적으로도 많은 문제들을 야기할 수 있다는 우려의 목소리들도 제기되고 있다. 나노기술이 군사 기술화할 가능성이 예견되고 있으며, 대량실업사태를 야기할 가능성도 언급되고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 최근에 활발하게 연구되고 있는 나노기술이 과연 사회에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 것으로 전망되고 있는지를 나노기술을 둘러싸고 사회에서 논란이 되고 있는 쟁점들을 통해 체계적으로 살펴보는 것은, 향후 나노기술이 사회적으로 보다 바람직한 방향으로 개발될 수 있도록 정책적으로 개입할 수 있는 근거와 기반을 마련하는 일이라고 할 수 있다. 이상과 같은 문제의식 하에서 이 연구는 최근 급속하게 대두되고 있는 나노기술을 둘러싸고 어떠한 사회적 쟁점들이 형성되고 있는가를 분석한 다음, 나노기술의 바람직한 발전 방향을 모색해 보는 데 그 목적을 두고자 한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.886-895
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• 2002

Introduction and application of virtual education has been rapidly increased in these days. A variation of information communication technology has an effect on education in interconnect with network as internet in the world that exceed the limit of time and regional. Computer and network communication technology through the medium of internet make an entrance cyber education as a new education paradigm. It must be affective on learner who have various educational characteristics and requirements. It begins to appear quality, quantity improvements of knowledge and the development of information technology that web based cyber education. This study was conducted to develop the web based education program and to evaluate the effectiveness of learning satisfaction and accomplishment and to compare the cyber lecture system with the traditional lecture system During the second semester of 2001, this study was investigated 317 registered students in a "Food and Culture" class at Kyungwon University. The data were obtained from pre and post-study with self-administered questionnaire. The evaluation and satisfaction score of students who were registered in cyberclass was negative tendency to compare pre with post-test scores, because of insuffciency of computer-aided lecture system. The major problem was inconvenient in checking system for connecting times in cyberclass which was one of evaluation point in final score. Another problem was frequently disconnection during cyber studying and not to concentrate each time in the cyber lecture because of eye fatigue, boring due to less interesting contents than other newly developed web-site. The students was prefer to mix type of the cyber and traditional lecture type class. The result of final score an each class, the score of cyber class (71.36 $\pm$ 22.44) was significantly lower than other groups (mixed type : 76.66 $\pm$ 19.99, traditional type :79.17 $\pm$ 15.72) (p < 0.05). Cyber class was attempted to present a useful and interesting teaching and learning tool which can be applied successfully in a longer term. The result suggest that various teaching and learning strategies should be developed considering the fact that the student learn alone most in time.t in time.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2004

It has been recognized that the hen, like its mammalian counterparts, provides young chicks with antibodies as protection against hostile invaders. This system facilitates the transfer of specific antibodies from serum to egg yolk, and provides a supply of antibodies called immunoglobulin Y(IgY) to the developing embryo and the hatched chick. The protection against pathogens that the relatively immune-incompetent newly hatched chick has, is through transmission of antibodies from the mother via the egg. Egg yolk, therefore, can be loaded with a large amount of IgY against pathogens which can immobilize the existing or invading pathogens during the embryo development or in day-old chicks. Thus, the immunization of laying hens to various pathogens results in production of different antigen-specific IgY in eggs. Egg yolk contains 8∼20 mg of jmmunoglobulins (IgY) per ml or 136∼340 mg per yolk suggesting that more than 30 g of IgY can be obtained from one immunized hen in a year. By immunizing laying hens with antigens and collecting IgY from egg yolk, low cost antibodies at less than $10 per g compared to more than $20,000 per g of mammalian IgG can be obtained. This IgY technology opens new potential market applications in medicine, public health, veterinary medicine and food safety. A broader use of IgY technology could be applied as biological or diagnostic tool, nutraceutical or functional food development, oral-supplementation for prophylaxis, and as pathogen-specific antimicrobial agents for infectious disease control. This paper has emphasized that when IgY-loaded chicken eggs are produced and consumed, the specific antibody binds, immobilizes and consequently reduces or inhibits the growth or colony forming abilities of microbial pathogens. This concept could serve as an alternative agent to replace the use of antibiotics, since today, more and more antibiotics are less effective in the treatment of infections, due to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1352-1359
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• 2020

Objective: Lactobacilli in rabbit intestine is rare and its function in rabbit gut health is not fully understood. The present study aimed to evaluate in vivo the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus casei for suckling rabbits. Methods: Two healthy 5-day-old suckling rabbits with similar weights from each of 12 New Zealand White litters were selected and disturbed to control group and treatment group. All rabbits were artificially fed. The treatment group had been supplemented with live Lactobacillus casei in the milk from the beginning of the trial to 13 days of age. At 15 days of age, healthy paired rabbits were slaughtered to collect intestinal samples. Results: i) Oral administration of Lactobacillus casei significantly increased the proportion of Lactobacilli in the total intestinal bacteria (p<0.01) and obviously reduced that of Escherichia-Shigella (p<0.01); ii) treatment increased the length of vermiform appendix (p<0.05); iii) a higher percentage of degranulated paneth cells was observed in the duodenum and jejunum when rabbits administered with Lactobacillus casei (p<0.01); and iv) the expression of toll-like receptor 9, lysozyme (LYZ), and defensin-7-like (DEFEN) in the duodenum and jejunum was stimulated by supplemented Lactobacillus casei (p<0.05). Conclusion: Orally administered Lactobacillus casei could increase the abundance of intestinal Lactobacilli, decrease the relative abundance of intestinal Escherichia-Shigella, promote the growth of appendix vermiform, stimulate the degranulation of paneth cells and induce the expression of DEFEN and LYS. The results of the present study implied that Lactobacillus casei exhibited probiotic potential for suckling rabbits.

• 복식
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2010

In the rapid development of science, technology, information, cultural industry during the 21st century, hybridity is consistently shown in which different techniques, systems, and sorts in society, industry, culture, and art are combined. The purpose of this study is to analyze the formative characteristics of hybrid make-up that is shown in the field of make-up as a practical art reflecting society and culture of a specific period, to understand the tendencies of modern make-up, and to present data for predicting changes in the future. According to the results of this study, the hybrid characteristics of make-up indicate as follows. First, hybrid make-up at a timely aspect in which senses transcending times by mixed expression of traditional classicism and modernism coexist and mingled, Characteristics of hybrid make-up at a local aspect are shown in one make-up by expressing modern tendencies that break from homogeneity, uniformity, and concentration as interests in other cultures and borrowing them in modern images. Also in modern period, characteristics of hybrid make-up at a cultural aspect are shown by mixed expression of conflicting cultural factors such as modern beauty of cutting-edge technology, female & male, and elegance & activeness in one makeup. Within the multiplex, modern social system in this period of cutting-edge technology, "tendency of hybrid design" as a social, cultural phenomenon is shown to be a complex, new designing tendency due to mixture and deconstruction of various genres. Hybrid make-up, seeking diversification and open-mindedness, is predicted to be consistently developed owing to infinite materials of design, being expected to be stronger and newer in the future.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.591-598
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• 2020

2020년 2월 COVID-19의 1차 대유행 이후 국내외적으로 원격의료에 대한 수요가 크게 증가하였고, 이에 대부분의 국가에서는 원격의료 관련 규제를 완화하였다. 우리나라 역시 2월 이후 한시적으로 '비대면진료'라는 이름으로 원격의료를 허용하고 있다. 원격의료는 만성질환 관리에 매우 효과적이고 정보통신기술의 발전에 따라 적용 가능한 진료과목이 점차 확대되고 있어, 의료서비스 질 향상 및 새로운 진료모형의 창출에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 원격의료 참여를 매개로 한 의료공급자 간 차별화 효과를 낳을 수 있고 이는 대형병원 쏠림의 왜곡된 의료서비스산업구조의 문제점을 더욱 악화시킬 우려가 있다. 따라서 일차 진료기관을 중심으로 한 만성질환 관리 주치의제도의 정착을 통해 원격의료의 확대와 지역의료기반의 안정화를 동시에 도모하고, 상급종합병원 및 외국인환자유치기관에 대해서는 재외국민과 외국인 대상 원격의료 제공 능력을 지원하는 이원적 지원 정책 추진이 필요하다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2017

로봇은 인간을 모방하여 외부환경을 인식하고 상황을 판단하며 자율적으로 동작하는 기계를 의미한다. 로봇은 제조용 로봇과 서비스용 로봇으로 구분하고 서비스용 로봇은 전문서비스용 로봇과 개인서비스용 로봇으로 분류된다. 최근 제조업의 생산성 경쟁 심화, 안전 이슈 부상, 저출산과 고령화 심화로 인해 로봇산업이 부상하고 있다. 최근 로봇산업은 첨단기술 분야의 복합체로 기술혁신성과 성장잠재력을 가지고 있기 때문에 각광받고 있는 산업분야이다. IT, BT 및 NT 관련 요소들이 융합되어 구현되는 기술로서 그 파급효과는 매우 커지고 있다. 사회구조와 생활패턴의 변화로 인해 생명 연장과 건강에 대한 사회적인 관심이 높아지고 있으며 의료관련 분야에 많은 관심이 모아지고 있다. 이제는 인공지능(AI) 산업이 급성장하고 있기 때문에 대 중소기업 협력 강화를 통한 글로벌 경쟁력을 확보하는 것이 우선 과제이다. 대기업의 장점인 R&D 투자능력과 마케팅 능력과 중소기업의 장점인 로봇 기술을 결합해야 하며 협력 모델 구축 및 M&A를 통해 글로벌 대기업과 경쟁력을 확보해야 한다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2014

On-site sanitation systems are typically installed to treat grey and toilet wastewaters in areas without sewer and centralized treatment systems. It is well known that, due to inappropriate design and operation, treatment performance of these systems in developing countries is not satisfactory in the removal of pathogens and organic matters. This research aimed to investigate the hydraulic conditions occurring in some on-site sanitation systems and the effects of hydraulic retention times (HRTs) on the system performance. The experiments were conducted with a laboratory-scale septic tank (40L in size) and an actual septic tank (600L in size), to test the hydraulic conditions by using tracer study with HRTs varying at 12, 24 and 48 hr. The experimental results showed the dispersion numbers to be in the range of 0.017-0.320 and the short-circuit ratios in the range of 0.014-0.031, indicating the reactors having a high level of sort-circuiting and approaching complete-mix conditions. The removal efficiency of $BOD_5$ was found to be 67% and the $k_{30}$ values for $BOD_5$ was $2.04day^{-1}$. A modified complete-mix model based on the relationship between $BOD_5$ removal efficiencies and HRTs was developed and validated with actual-scale septic tank data having a correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of 0.90. Therefore, to better protect our environment and minimizing health risks, new generation toilets should be developed that could minimize short-circuiting and improving treatment performance.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.459-465
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECFTIVES: The effect of St. John's Wort extract (SJW) on MG-63 cell proliferation and trabecular bone loss induced by ovariectomy was examined. MATERIALS/METHODS: Proliferation, expression of estrogen receptor (ER) ${\alpha}$ and ER ${\beta}$, and gene expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OC) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were examined in MG-63 cells treated with or without SJW. Ovariectomized rats were treated with SJW at the dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg/day, ${\beta}$-estradiol-3-benzoate (E2), or vehicle only (OVX-C), and sham operated rats were treated with vehicle only (Sham-C). Serum ALP and C-telopeptide (CTX), and femoral trabecular bone loss were examined. RESULTS: SJW increased MG-63 cell proliferation and expression of ER ${\alpha}$ and ER ${\beta}$, and positive effect was shown on gene expressions of ALP, OC and OPG. SJW also showed estrogen like effect on bone associated with slowing down in trabecular bone loss. Histopathology by H&E showed rats treated with SJW displayed denser structure in metaphyseal region of distal femur compared with rats in OVX-C. SJW was shown to reduce serum CTX in OVX rats. CONCLUSION: The present study provides new insight in preventing estrogen deficiency induced bone loss of SJW and possibility for its application in bone health supplement.