• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.12
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• pp.615-620
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• 2022

The murine leukemia virus-based semi-retroviral replicating vectors (MuLV-based sRRV) had been developed to improve safety and transgene capacity for cancer gene therapy. However, despite the apparent advantages of the sRRV, improvements in the in vivo transduction efficiency are still required to deliver therapeutic genes efficiently for clinical use. In this study, we established a gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV) envelope-pseudotyped semi-replication-competent retrovirus vector system (spRRV) which is composed of two transcomplementing replication-defective retroviral vectors termed MuLV-Gag-Pol and GaLV-Env. We found that the spRRV shows considerable improvement in efficiencies of gene transfer and spreading in both human glioblastoma cells and pre-established human glioblastoma mouse model compared with an sRRV system. When treated with ganciclovir after intratumoral injection of each vector system into pre-established U-87 MG glioblastomas, the group of mice injected with spRRV expressing the herpes simplex virus type 1-thymidine kinase (HSV1-tk) gene showed a survival rate of 100% for more than 150 days, but all control groups of mice (HSV1-tk/PBS-treated and GFP/GCV-treated groups) died within 45 days after tumor injection. In conclusion, these findings sug-gest that intratumoral delivery of the HSV1-tk gene by the spRRV system is worthy of development in clinical trials for the treatment of malignant solid tumors.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.203-203
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• 2002

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a beta-herpesvirus with worldwide distribution, exhibits host persistence, a distinguishing characteristic of all herpesviruses. This persistence is dependent upon restricted gene expression in infected cells as well as the ability of productively infected cells to escape from normal cell-mediated anti-viral immunosurveillance. Type I (IFN-α/β) and type II (IFN-γ) interferons are major components of the innate defense system against viral infection. They are potent inducers of MHC class I and II antigens and of antigen processing proteins. Additionally, IFNS mediate direct antiviral effects through induction effector molecules that block viral infection and replications such as 2′, 5-oligoadenylate synthetase (2, 5-OAS). IFNS function through activation of well-defined signal transduction pathways that involve phosphorylation of constituent proteins and ultimate formation of active transcription factors. Recent studies have shown that a number of diverse viruses, including CMV, EBV, HPV mumps and Ebola, are capable of inhibiting IFN-mediated signal transduction through a variety of mechanisms. As an example, CMV infection inhibits the ability of infected cells Is transcribe HLA class I and II antigens as well as the antiviral effector molecules 2, 5-OAS and MxA I. EMSA studies have shown that IFN-α and IFN-γ are unable to induce complete signal transduction in the presence of CMV infection, phenomena that are associated with specific decreases in JAKl and p48. Viral inhibition of IFN signal transduction represents a new mechanistic paradigm for increased viral survival, a paradigm predicting widespread consequences in the case of signal transduction factors common to multiple cytokine pathways.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.11C no.7 s.96
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• pp.905-916
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• 2004

Self-organizing hierarchical ad hoc network (SOHAN) is a new ad-hoc network architecture designed to improve the scalability properties of conventional 'flat' ad hoc networks. This network architecture consists of three tiers of ad-hoc nodes, i.e.. access points, forwarding nodes and mobile nodes. This paper presents a topology discovery and routing protocol for the self-organization of SOHAN. We propose a cross-layer path metric based on link quality and MAC delay which plays a key role in producing an optimal cluster-based hierarchical topology with high throughput capacity. The topology discovery protocol provides the basis for routing which takes place in layer 2.5 using MAC addresses. The routing protocol is based on AODV with appropriate modifications to take advantage of the hierarchical topology and interact with the discovery protocol. Simulation results are presented which show the improved performance as well as scalability properties of SOHAN in terms of through-put capacity, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio and control overhead.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.159-179
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• 2002

The Dublin Core, MARC. IFLA-FRBR user communities are developing international standards for describing textual, physical and audiovisual resources to enable their resources discovery over the Internet. Therefore the metadata interoperability Problem has been exacerbated by the need for more complex metadata descriptions. In this paper we propose a new mechanism for metadata interoperability based on the new semantic web applications : IFLA-FRBR framework, INDECS metadata and an event-aware ABC models. This study introduces a new approach method which is essential to the generation of interoperable metadata descriptions, particularly in the context of multimedia contents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2427-2431
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• 2014

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), characterized by absence of the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) and lack of overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), have a poor prognosis. To overcome therapy limitations of TNBC, various new approaches are needed. This mini-review focuses on discovery of new targets and drugs which might offer new hope for TNBC patients.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.885-898
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• 2017

The Bailey lemma has been a powerful tool in the discovery of identities of Rogers-Ramanujan type and also ordinary and basic hyper-geometric series identities. The mechanism of Bailey lemma has also led to the concepts of Bailey pair and Bailey chain. In the present work certain new WP-Bailey pairs have been established. We also have deduced a number of basic hypergeometric series identities as an application of new WP-Bailey pairs.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.527-533
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• 2018

Recently, the device-to-device (D2D) communication has been conceived as the key technology for the next-generation mobile communication systems. The neighbor discovery in which the nearby users are found, is essential for the proper operation of the D2D communication. In this paper, we propose new neighbor discovery scheme based on deep learning technology which has gained a lot of attention recently. In the proposed scheme, the neighboring users can be found using the uplink pilot transmission of users only, unlike conventional neighbor discovery schemes in which direct pilot communication among users is required, such that the signaling overhead can be greatly reduced in our proposed scheme. Moreover, the neighbors with different proximity can also be classified accordingly which enables more accurate neighbor discovery compared to the conventional schemes. The performance of our proposed scheme is verified through the tensorflow-based computer simulations.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.151-163
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• 2010

It is necessary, due to changes in the information environment, to investigate problems in existing information retrieval systems. Ontologies and social tagging, which are a relatively new means of information organization, enable exploratory discovery of information. These two connect a thought of a user with the thoughts of numerous other people on the Internet. With these connection chains through the interactions, users are foraging information actively and exploratively. Thus, the purpose of this study is, through qualitative research methods, to identify numerous discovery facilitators provided by ontologies and social tagging, and to create an exploratory discovery model based on them. The results show that there are three uppermost categories in which 5, 4 and 4 subcategories are enumerated respectively. The first category, 'Browsing and Monitoring,' has 5 sub categories: Noticing the Needs, Being Aware, Perceiving, Stopping, and Examining a Resource. The second category, Actively Participating, has 4 categories: Constructing Meaning, Social Bookmarking and Tagging, Sharing on Social Networking, Specifying the Original Needs. The third category, Actively Extends Thinking, also has 4 categories: Social Learning, Emerging Fortuitous Discovery, Creative Thinking, Enhancing Problem Solving Abilities. This model could contribute to the design of information systems, which enhance the ability of exploratory discovery.

• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.326-329
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• 2020

Valuable natural compounds produced by a variety of microorganisms can be used as lead molecules for development of new agrochemicals. Furthermore, high-throughput in vitro screening systems with specific modes of action can increase the probability of discovery of new fungicides. In the current study, a rapid assay tested with various microbes was developed to determine the degree of respiratory inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in two different liquid media, YG (containing a fermentable carbon source) and NFYG (containing a non-fermentable carbon source). Based on this system, we screened 100 fungal isolates that were classified into basidiomycetes, to find microbial secondary metabolites that act as respiratory inhibitors. Consequently, of the 100 fungal species tested, the culture broth of an IUM04881 isolate inhibited growth of S. cerevisiae in NFYG medium, but not in YG medium. The result is comparable to that from treatment with kresoxim-methyl used as a control, suggesting that the culture broth of IUM04881 isolate might contain active compounds showing the inhibition activity for respiratory chain. Based on the assay developed in this study and spectroscopic analysis, we isolated and identified an antifungal compound (-)-oudemansin A from culture broth of IUM04881 that is identified as Oudemansiella venosolamellata. This is the first report that (-)-oudemansin A is identified from O. venosolamellata in Korea. Taken together, the development of this assay will accelerate efforts to find and identify natural respiratory inhibitors from various microbes.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.179-192
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• 2007

This paper addresses an approach that recommends investment types for stock investors by discovering useful rules from past changing patterns of stock prices in databases. First, we define a new rule model for recommending stock investment types. For a frequent pattern of stock prices, if its subsequent stock prices are matched to a condition of an investor, the model recommends a corresponding investment type for this stock. The frequent pattern is regarded as a rule head, and the subsequent part a rule body. We observed that the conditions on rule bodies are quite different depending on dispositions of investors while rule heads are independent of characteristics of investors in most cases. With this observation, we propose a new method that discovers and stores only the rule heads rather than the whole rules in a rule discovery process. This allows investors to define various conditions on rule bodies flexibly, and also improves the performance of a rule discovery process by reducing the number of rules. For efficient discovery and matching of rules, we propose methods for discovering frequent patterns, constructing a frequent pattern base, and indexing them. We also suggest a method that finds the rules matched to a query issued by an investor from a frequent pattern base, and a method that recommends an investment type using the rules. Finally, we verify the superiority of our approach via various experiments using real-life stock data.