• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Breathing is controlled by complex interactions between the central and peripheral nervous systems in conjunction with the respiratory system. Neurological diseases predispose patients to nocturnal desaturation and pneumonia due to respiratory dysfunction, which increases mortality, daytime sleepiness and fatigue, and reduces the quality of life. Respiratory function tests are required to identify respiratory function decline and to consider compensatory management. This review summarizes the characteristics of several respiratory function tests and their applications to neurological diseases.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2006

Background : Phentermine classified by "sympathomimmetic amie", is a stimulant of sympatheic tone But there has been no concrete study which presents the influence of phentermine on autonomic nervous system. Analysis of Heart rate variability is reliable, non-invasive and very useful for evaluating function of autonomic nervous system. We tried to elucidate the influence of phentermine on autonomic nervovs system by heart rate variability. MethodsAmong the 70 candidates who participated in the double-blind case control study whichwas designed in purpose of approving whether- Adipekⓓ is effective for treatment of obesity, 45persons were folled up. From April, 2005 to May 2005, HRV of the candidates who takes phentermine or placebo for 1month, was recorded using BFM-5000ⓓ(medi-core) for 5 minutes in resting state. HRV measures were assessed by time-domain and by frequency- domain analysis. Time domain parameters contain SDNN(Standard Deviation of NN intervals) and RMSSD(Root-Mean-Square of Successive Differences), etc and frequency domain Parameters contain Total Power(TP), Low frequency(LF'0.04-0.15Hz) power. High Frequency(HF:0.15-0.4Hz) power and LF/HF ratio etc. Results: Intakes of phentermine reduce HRV significant1y. SDNN & RMSSD, the main tine domain parameters of HRV, were decreased significantly(P=0.007. 0.016). PSI(Physical Stress Index of Pressure Index) was increase significantly(P=0.002)The main frequency domain parameters(TP, LF & VLF), also decreased significantly. (P=0.024,0.033, 0.015)Conclusion: The result showed that intakes of phentermine reduce heart rate variability and influence on most parameters of HRV. So phentermine not only accelerates sympathetic tone, but also inhibit the balance and function of autonomic nervous system.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.2099-2104
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 마취 중 리턴맵 분석 방법을 적용하여 ECG 신호에서 R-R 간격의 변화로 표시될 수 있는 HRV 신호를 분석하였다. HRV신호는 자율신경계(autonomic nervous system : ANS)의 상태변이에 따른 심혈관계(cardio vascular system : CVS)의 변화 양상에 대한 객관적인 정보를 구할 수 있으므로 수술중 자율신경계의 변화를 관찰하여 마취심도를 평가할 수 있다. 리턴맵 분석 방법은 일련의 시계열 HRV 신호를 위상공간으로 사상하기 위해 지연시간과 매립차원을 구한 후 2차원의 위상공간에 신호를 재구성하였다. 위상공간에 재구성된 신호 분포를 타원형으로 근사화 한 후 장축과 단축의 길이를 구하여 마취심도를 구별하는데 이용하였다. 마취 단계별 마취심도를 평가하기 위하여 마취 단계를 7단계로 구분하여 분석하였다. 외부자극이 아주 강한 마취유도단계에서 장축과 단축 모두 통계적으로 유의하게 큰값을 나타내었으며, 외부 자극이 가해지지 않은 수술중 단계에서는 장축과 단축의 길이 모두 작은 값을 나타내었다. 따라서 2차원의 위상공간에 매립된 수술중의 HRV 신호를 이용하여 자율신경계의 영향을 판단하여 마취심도를 구분 할 수 있었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.369-375
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• 1997

General pharmacological effects of SB-31$^{R}$, the extracts of Pulsatilla koreana, were investigated in mice, rats and guinea-pigs. Intravenous injection of SB-31 (3 and 6 ml/kg) produced almost no effect on central nervous system no effects on the general symptom and behaviors of mice, spontaneous locomotor activity, pentobarbital- induced sleeping time , rotared performance , electroshock and pentylenetertrazole -induced seizures, acetic acid-induced writhing and normal body temperature in mice. SB-31 showed little effects on the spontaneous movement of the isolated ileum and contraction induced by agonists in isolated ileum, suggesting no influence on autonomic nervous system. Administration of SB-31 also did not show any effect on blood pressure in conscious rats. However, a slight decrease in heart rate was observed at high doses (6 and 10 ml/kg) of SB-31 in conscious rats. Similarly, a slight increase in respiratory rate was observed at 6 m1/kg of SB-31 in anesthetized rats. SB-31 did not produce any effect at the dose of 3 ml/kg, but showed a tendency to increase the urinary volume at 6 ml/kg, and produced a decrease in urinary excretions of N $a_{+}$and $K_{+}$at 6 ml/kg. However, transport capacity within the gastrointestinal tract and the secretion of the gastric juice were not influenced by 6 ml/kg of SB-31. In conclusion, these results suggest that SB-31 did not pro-duce any acute effects on the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, respiratory and circulatory systems, digestive system and kidney function at the dose of below 3 ml/kg.ml/kg.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.623-628
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 원적외선 온열효과가 자율 신경계에 미치는 영향을 심박변동(HRV)을 이용하여 평가 하였다. 측정된 심박변동신호를 FFT 의한 전력스펙트럼을 구함으로써 자율 신경계의 반응 특성을 고찰하고 Poincare plot 분석 방법을 이용하여 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 실험을 통해 심박변동 신호분석해보면 원적외선 온열에 노출되기 전에 비해 노출된 후에 매우 복잡한 모습임을 관찰 할 수 있었는데 이것은 자율신경계가 관여하는 심혈관계 제어 메커니즘이 원적외선 온열에 노출되기 전보다 노출된 후에 더욱 복잡함을 반영하는 것으로 분석된다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.81-103
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• 2005

신경계의 뉴런 구조는 흥분 뉴런과 억제 뉴런으로 구성되며 각각의 흥분 뉴런과 억제 뉴런은 주동근 뉴런(agonistic neuron)에 의해 활성화되며 길항근 뉴런(antagonist neuron)에 의해 비활성화 된다. 본 논문에서는 인간 신경계의 생리학적 뉴런 구조를 분석하여 퍼지 논리를 이용한 생리학적 퍼지 신경망을 제안한다. 제안된 구조는 주동근 뉴런에 의해 흥분 뉴런이 될 수 있는 뉴런들을 선택하여 흥분시켜 출력층으로 전달하고 나머지 뉴런들을 억제시켜 출력층에 전달시키지 않는다. 신경계를 기반으로 한 제안된 생리학적 퍼지 신경망의 학습구조는 입력층, 학습 데이터의 특징을 분류하는 중간층, 그리고 출력 층으로 구성된다. 제안된 퍼지 신경망의 학습 및 인식 성능을 평가하기 위해 정확성이 요구되는 의학의 한 분야인 기관지 편평암 영상 인식과 영상 인식의 주요 응용 분야인 차량번호판 인식에 적용하여 기존의 신경망과 성능을 비교 분석하였다. 실험 결과에서는 제안된 생리학적 퍼지 신경망이 기존의 신경망보다 학습 시간과 수렴성이 개선되었을 뿐만 아니라, 인식에 있어서도 우수한 성능이 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2023

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is known to be effective in improving symptoms of numerous diseases such as depression and epilepsy by increasing vagus nerve activity through electrical stimulation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of vagus nerve stimulation on the activity of autonomic nervous system and the changes in postprandial blood glucose levels. Seven healthy adults participated in a non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation experiment. taVNS (25 Hz, 200 ㎲, biphasic pulse) was applied to the cymba concha (taVNS group) or the earlobe (Sham-taVNS group) of the left ear. As autonomic nervous system signals, skin conductance level, skin temperature, and heart rate were recorded during the application of taVNS. Postprandial blood glucose changes due to food intake were recorded at 5 min intervals for 25 minutes after taVNS or sham-taVNS. The taVNS showed a significantly lower skin conductance level than the shamtaVNS (p < 0.05). The increase rate of postprandial blood glucose was significantly lower in the taVNS than in the sham-taVNS (p < 0.05). These results showed that taVNS reduced the activity of the sympathetic nerve system and alleviated early rise in postprandial blood glucose. Although further studies in diabetic patients are needed, this study suggest that taVNS has a potential for clinical use to improve postprandial blood glucose.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.531-538
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to identify the effects of Qi hand reflexology on autonomic nerve activity in patients admitted to hospital. Method: A non-equivalent control group and quasi-experimental research with pre/post test design were used and 59 patients on a medical ward were assigned to either the experimental group (32) or the control group (27). The study variables included vital signs, autonomic nerve activities (ALF (absolute low frequency), AHF (absolute high frequency), nLF (normalized low frequency), nHF (normalized high frequency), SDNN (standard deviation of all normal-normal intervals)) and were evaluated using the QECG-3 system. The experimental group was treated with Qi hand reflexology for 10 minutes per day, for 3days. Results: Skin temperature and systolic blood pressure in the experimental decreased with treatment. ALF, AHF and SDNN for the experimental group increased with regulating proportion (nLF: nHF=6:4) and a significant difference between the groups was observed. Conclusion: The results indicated that application of Qi hand reflexology for patients in the hospital is effective in regulating the autonomic nervous system activation. Implication of finding should be useful for future research.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2013

Acute organophosphate intoxication is important because of its high morbidity and mortality. The mortality is still high despite the use of atropine as specific antidotal therapy and oximes for reactivation of acetylcholinesterase. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphate can cause acute parasympathetic system dysfunction, muscle weakness, seizure, coma, and respiratory failure. Acute alteration in conscious state or a coma, which may occur following organophosphate intoxication, is an indication of severe intoxication and poorer prognosis. This acute decline in conscious state often reverses when the cholinergic crisis settles; however, it may be prolonged in some patients. We report on a case of a 60-year-old male who showed prolonged decline in conscious state due to of Central Nervous System (CNS) toxicity after a suicide attempt with organophosphate.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1997

In this paper, the power spectral analysis of heart rate variability(HRV) was performed to evaluate effects of orthostatic stress with head-up tiIt on autonomic nervous system(ANS) for 25 healthy male subjects(age : 24 $\pm$ 5 yr.) and a new method was proposed to assess the autonomic balance. The ECG and respiration signals were recorded at tiIt angles of $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$and $0^{\circ}$ successively for 10 minutes per each stage under the condition of frequency controlled respiration(0.25Hz). Heat rate(HR) gradually increased ils the angle increased Similarly, according to the increment of angle, normalized low frequency component(0.05-0.15Hz) gradually increased, whereas normalized high frequency component (0.20-0.30Hz) was reduce4 From these results it is speculated that orthostatic stress head-up tiLt, results in the prevalence of sympathetic tone in autonomic balance with the increment of sympathetic tone and the decrement of parasympathetic tone, which seems to meanthat autonomic nervous system plays a major role in compensating for disturbances of cardiovascular system due to it.