• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.510-518
• /
• 2013

This study aims to demonstrate the effect of farming technology on introducing medicinal plants (MP) and wild food plants (WFP) into a traditional agricultural system within peri-urban zones. Field investigations and semi-structured focus group interviews conducted in the Buhozi community showed that 27 health and nutrition problems dominated in the community, and could be treated with 86 domestic plant species. The selected domestic MP and WFP species were collected in the broad neighboring areas of the Buhozi site, and introduced to the experimental field of beans and maize crops in Buhozi. Among the 86 plants introduced, 37 species are confirmed as having both medicinal and nutritional properties, 47 species with medicinal, and 2 species with nutritional properties. The field is arranged in a way that living hedges made from Tithonia diversifolia provide bio-fertilizers to the plants growing along the hedges. The harvest of farming crops does not disturb the MP or WFP, and vice-versa. After harvesting the integrated plants, the community could gain about 40 times higher income, than from harvesting farming crops only. This kind of field may be used throughout the year, to provide both natural medicines and foods. It may therefore contribute to increasing small-scale crop producers' livelihood, while promoting biodiversity conservation. This model needs to be deeply documented, for further pharmaceutical and nutritional use.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.297-314
• /
• 2012

This study investigates the stigma effect of unwelcomed facilities on apartment prices through multiple regressions based on hedonic price method. The areas studied are Sang-gye Jugong 7, 9, 10 apartment complexes. The facilities analyzed are the Chang-dong Electric Subway Depot and the Do-bong Driver's License Agency. The factors studied include the environmental variable (the elapsed time since the announcement of the re-location of these facilities), the view commanding, the distance from Chang-dong Depot, the distance from Do-bong Driver's License Test Course, the distance from neighboring facilities (subway stations, schools, parks and so on), the floor and each dwelling's exclusive space. The data used are 2,822 sales which have been collected since January 1, 2006. The facts found are as follows; first, the view commanding and the distance from the unwelcomed facilities are statistically significant. second, the environmental variable, 'days' turns out to have a positive (+) and a negative (-) significant relationship with the dependent variable, 'price', in period II and period IV respectively. This implies that the stigma effect is real. third, there are significant differences in the influence on the apartment prices among the independent variables according to time. fourth, the stigma effect is estimated as 33,686,920 Korean won in the case of the apartments which have the view commanding and 30,311,844 won in the other case before the global economic crisis. This effect seems to decrease to 22,085,078 won after the crisis. These facts suggest that stigma effects could be considered as one of the benefits in the cost-benefit analysis of Chang-dong Depot re-location project to produce somewhat higher NPV or B/C ratio.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.10C
• /
• pp.1036-1043
• /
• 2005

In this paper, we propose a sequential motion vector recovery algorithm for H.264 video coding standard. Motion vectors of H.264 video coding standard cover relatively smaller areas than other standard, since motion estimation of H.264 takes place in the fashion of variable block size. Therefore, the correlation of motion vectors between neighboring blocks increases as the block size of motion estimation is lowered. Under the framework of sequential recovery, we introduce a motion vector recovery using $\alpha$-trimed mean filter. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm is useful in real time video delivery .with nearly comparable or better visual quality than previous approaches such as macro block boundary matching and Lagrage interpolation.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2012

The geographical distribution of the toxic blue-lined octopus (commonly known as the blue-ringed octopus), Hapalochlaena spp., around the East/Japan Sea was investigated. Observation records of the octopus were gathered using commercial search engines on the Internet. A questionnaire to complement and enhance the base data was conducted that targeted fishermen from areas where the octopus was most likely to occur, i.e., the southeast coast and islands of Korea in the East/Japan Sea. Overall, 32 observational records of the blue-lined octopus were found from Korea and Japan. In Korea, only one record, from 2003, was found on a website; none of the 240 fishermen who participated in the questionnaire reported seeing blue-lined octopus. However, a total of 31 observations of the blue-lined octopus from 2004 to July 2010 were found from 17 different regions in the East/Japan Sea and neighboring waters in Japan. Twenty-two cases were from coastal Honshu Island, and nine were from the west coast of Kyushu Island, Japan. The northern distributional boundary of the blue-lined octopus on the Japanese coast was off Fukui Prefecture around latitude $36^{\circ}$10' N. Our results indicate that the blue-lined octopus is distributed extensively along the Japanese coast, at a low frequency, in the East/Japan Sea.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.32-42
• /
• 2011

Frequency reuse among relay stations (RSs) in a down-link access zone is widely adopted for throughput enhancement in IEEE 802.16j relay networks. Since the areas covered by the RSs or the base station (BS) may overlap, some mobile stations (MSs) at the border between two neighboring transmitting stations (RS or BS) using an identical frequency band may suffer severe interference or outage. This co-channel interference within the cell degrades the quality of service (QoS) fairness among the MSs as well as the system throughput. Exclusive use of a frequency band division (orthogonal resource allocation) among RSs can solve this problem but would cause degradation of the system throughput. We observe a trade-off between system throughput and QoS fairness in the previously reported schemes based on frequency reuse. In this paper, we propose a new frequency reuse scheme that achieves high system throughput with a high fairness level in QoS, positioning our scheme far above the trade-off curve formed by previous schemes. We claim that our scheme is beneficial for applications in which a high QoS level is required even for the MSs at the border. Exploiting the features of a directional antenna in the BS, we create a new zone in the frame structure. In the new zone, the RSs can serve the subordinate MSs at the border and prone to interference. In a 3-RS topology, where the RSs are located at points $120^{\circ}$ apart from one another, the throughput and Jain fairness index are 10.64 Mbps and 0.62, respectively. On the other hand, the throughput for the previously reported overlapped and orthogonal allocation schemes is 8.22 Mbps (fairness: 0.48) and 3.99 Mbps (fairness: 0.80), respectively. For a 6-RS topology, our scheme achieves a throughput of 18.38 Mbps with a fairness of 0.68; however, previous schemes with frequency reuse factors of 1, 2, 3, and 6 achieve a throughput of 15.24 Mbps (fairness: 0.53), 12.42 Mbps (fairness: 0.71),8.84 Mbps (fairness: 0.88), and 4.57 Mbps (fairness: 0.88), respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.226-233
• /
• 2011

Exactly 25 years after the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, 11th of March 2011 the Fukushima nuclear accident occurred in Japan and was ranked at level 7 same to the Chernobyl. A Korean and Japanese joint civil survey was conducted around Fukushima on April 13-17. The radiation survey data clearly shows a large hotspot area between 20 km and 50 km radius north and west direction from the accident reactors, with the highest radiation recorded being 55.64 ${\mu}Sv/hr$ in the air, 99.89 ${\mu}Sv/hr$ in the surface air, and 36.16 ${\mu}Sv/hr$ in a car, respectively. 3.65 ${\mu}Sv/hr$ in the air and 6.89 ${\mu}Sv/hr$ in the surface air were detected at the playground of an elementary school in Fukushima City. Spring came with full cherry blossoms in Fukushima, but it was silent spring of radiation contamination. Interviews with Fukushima nuclear refugees reveal serious problems about Japanese nuclear safety systems, such as there was no practical evacuation drill within 1-10 km and no plan at all for 10-30 km areas. Several reforms items for Korean nuclear safety system can be suggested: minimization of accident damage, clear separation of regulatory and safety bureaus with a new and independent administrating agency, community participation and agreement regarding the safety system and levels, which is the major concern of 80% Korean. To tackle threats of nuclear disaster in neighboring nations like China, a new position entitled 'Ambassador for nuclear safety diplomacy' is highly necessary. The nuclear safety of Korea should no longer be the monopoly of those nuclear engineers and limited technocrats criticized as a 'nuclear mafia'.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.57-58
• /
• 2018

As interest in the Internet of Things increases, technologies are being studied to handle information exchanged between things using the Internet of Things. Specially, as container terminals are automated, the use of the Internet of Things in the terminals increases and varies. However, the use of the Internet of Things to enhance the efficiency of the container terminal operation is insufficient. Currently, the container terminal shows that the arrival pattern of the external truck is concentrated at a particular time. This resuls in gate congestion and affects the waiting times of the truck. The damage is caused by environmental pollution problems and social problems in neighboring port areas. Therefore, in this thesis, we will analyze the causes of the external truck's waiting time problems affecting the gate congestion at container terminals and study methods to mitigate congestion under Internet of Things environment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.12B no.4 s.100
• /
• pp.421-428
• /
• 2005

A new method of Semi-fragile image watermarking which ensures the integrity of the contents of digital image is presented. Proposed watermarking scheme embeds watermark in the form of quantization noise on the wavelet transform coefficients in a specific mid frequency subbands selected from a wavelet packet decomposition based on energy distribution of wavelet transform coefficients. By controlling the strength of embedded watermark using HVS (Human Visual System) characteristic, it is imperceptible by a human viewer while robust against non-malicious attack such as compression for storage and/or transmission. When an attack is applied on the original image, it is highly probable that wavelet transform coefficients not only at the exact attack positions but also the neighboring ones are modified. Therefore, proposed authentication method utilizes whether both current coefficient and its neighbors are damaged. together. So it can efficiently detect and accurately localize attacks inflicted on the content of original image. Decision threshold for authentication can be user controlled for different application areas as needed.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.67-85
• /
• 2009

The Trans-Central Asian Railway consists of the Trans-Caspian Railroad, the Kazalinsk Route, the Turk-Sib, and the Trans-Kazakhstan Trunk Line. Currently, one-fifth of the residents in Central Asia are living around these railroads on which 70% of the economic activities in the region depends. The construction of the railroads in Central Asia was motivated by the Russian Empire's competition 'with its maritime rival, the United Kingdom, over the Eurasian heartland in a geostrategic sense. Using the railroads, the Russian Empire aspired to connect its central industrial regions in European Russia with the remote frontier areas in the Central Asian republics and to increase economic specialization of the region. After the breakdown of the USSR, however, the rail network, which had well been linked among the regions in the former Soviet nations, has been in a deteriorated linkage with their non-Soviet neighboring nations. Despite a lot of problems to be solved, the Trans-Central Asian rail network is expected to play a crucial role as a land bridge between East Asia and Europe as well as between Russia/the Baltic sea and the Indian Ocean/the Persian Gulf in the long-term.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.103-119
• /
• 2016

This study aims to assess habitat feature on the large-scale spawning ground of the Boreal Digging Frog Kaloula borealis in Daemyung retarding basin of Daegu, and to analyze the relationships between species abundance and meteorological factors for each habitat. Fifty-seven(57) pitfalls were installed to collect species abundance of 4 survey regions, and high-resolution satellite image, soil sampling equipment, digital topographic map, and GPS were used to develop habitat features such as terrain, soil, vegetation, human disturbance. The analysis shows that the frog is most abundant in sloped region with densely herbaceous cover in southern part of the retarding basin. In the breeding season, lowland regions, where Phragmites communis and P. japonica dominant wetlands and temporary ponds distributed, are heavily concentrated by the species for spawning and foraging. Located in between legally protected Dalsung wetands and lowland regions of the retarding basin, riverine natural levee is ecologically important area as core habitat for Kaloula borealis, and high number of individuals were detected both breeding and non-breeding seasons. Temperate- and pressure-related meteorological elements are selected as statistically significant variables in species abundance of non-breeding season in lowland and highland regions. However, in sloped regions, only a few variables are statistically significant during non-breeding season. Moreover, breeding activities in sloped regions are statistically significant with minimum temperature, grass minimum temperature, dew point temperature, and vapor pressure. Significant meteorological factors with habitat features are effectively applied to establish species conservation strategy of the retarding basin and to construct for avoiding massive road-kills on neighboring roads of the study sites, particularly post-breeding movements from spawning to burrowing areas.