• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2022

Mukbang, which has established itself as a popular content, is now enjoying a sensational popularity not only in Korea but also around the world. This study investigated the effects of mukbang on consumers' vicarious satisfaction and desire increase in different emotional aspects. In addition, we analyzed how the positive and negative emotions of consumers affect the vicarious satisfaction and desire increase of mukbang. According to this purpose, 120 participants in their 20s and 30s who had experienced watching mukbang were encouraged to watch mukbang videos after inducing positive, negative, and neutral emotions, and the effects of vicarious satisfaction and increased desire depending on emotions were examined. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that vicarious satisfaction through mukbang was high in positive emotional states, and desire through mukbang was high in negative emotional states. This study has a theoretical contribution that empirically investigates the different effects of mukbang according to positive and negative emotions, and is expected to help derive marketing measures using consumer emotional states that have not been received enough attention in using mukbang as a marketing tool.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-65
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• 2014

This study was designed to look into whether there is any mediated effect of psychological well-being and empowerment on the path of the negative emotions of mothers from multi-cultural families turning into the life satisfaction and tried to demonstrate empirically factors to mitigate the decline in the life satisfaction due to negative emotions of mothers from multi-cultural families. In addition, we verified the differences of psychological factors according to the characteristics of the sociology of population of mothers from multi-cultural families. For this, the survey was conducted with 400 mothers from multi-cultural families across the nation. The results are as follows. First, in case of negative emotions, there were differences among groups depending on ages, years of marriage and educational background. In case of psychological well-being and empowerment, there were differences among groups with different age, years of marriage, their own or their spouse's educational background. Second, as a result of looking into the path through which negative emotions turned into life satisfaction, there were the path effects between negative emotions and empowerment, between negative emotions and life satisfaction, and between psychological well-being and life satisfaction. This means that dealing properly with negative emotions can have positive impacts on the three dimensions of psychological well-being, empowerment, and eventually the life satisfaction. This study is meaningful in that it took psychological factors of mothers from multi-cultural families into consideration and the results can be used as useful data to come up with political measures for mothers from multi-cultural families in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.45-55
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• 2022

Purpose: Consumers' experience of functional attributes is remembered, and the experience lowers the cost of consumers' input from their point of view and reduces uncertainty. It also plays an important role in consumers' positive emotions and responses. Accordingly, if information search costs are reduced in terms of the costs perceived by consumers about restaurants, a strategy differentiated from other companies can be established. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of functional congruence of restaurant stores on information search cost reduction, positive/negative emotions, and loyalty. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: This study investigated functional congruence, information search cost reduction, and positive/negative emotions. The structural relationship between loyalty was analyzed. To verify this, a research hypothesis was established based on previous studies and a research model was constructed. The questionnaire items were modified and used according to the current study, based on previous studies. The data were collected using the questionnaire method from 187 people who had dining out experience. Frequency analysis was performed to confirm demographic characteristics. Reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the collected data were verified. The research model was analyzed with a structural equation modeling (SmartPLS 4). Results: The findings show that functional congruence had significant positive effects on information search cost reduction and positive emotion, but no significant effect on negative emotion. Information search cost reduction had significant positive effects on positive emotion/negative emotion but did not significantly affect loyalty. Lastly, both positive and negative emotions had significant positive effects on loyalty. Conclusion: Based on transaction cost theory, this study found how functional congruence and information search cost reduction influence consumers' emotions. The functional attributes of restaurants were perceived by customers as information, thus uncertainty was decreased. Finally, appropriate management strategies and implications of functional congruence and information search cost in the restaurant were suggested.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.133-160
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the delay reasons in consumer decision making on experienced emotion and shopping mall satisfaction under the Internet shopping environment. A survey was conducted for this study and 500 answer sheets were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results are as follows: First, performance risk, financial risk, and social risk significantly have a positive effect on negative emotions for Internet shopping. Second, performance risk has a significant negative effect on positive emotions for Internet shopping. Third, social risk and procedural uncertainty significantly have a positive effect on positive emotions and this shows these reasons are related to pleasure and fun. Forth, needs uncertainty has a negative effect on negative emotions for Internet shopping. Finally, positive and negative emotions that consumer experienced for Internet shopping affect Internet shopping mall satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.85-102
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of toddler's emotionality and mother's reaction to their child's negative emotions of social-emotional behaviors of toddlers. The subjects were 141 mothers and toddlers ranging in age from 18 to 36 months. Instruments used in this study were: 1) Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire(ECBQ)(Rothbart, 1994), 2) Coping with Toddlers' Negative Emotions Scale(CTNES)(Eisenberg et al., 1996), and 3)Brief Infant Toddler Social and Emotional Assesment(BITSEA)(Carter et al., 2006). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results of this study show that toddler's emotionality and the mother's negative reaction to their child's negative emotions were related to the social-emotional behaviors of toddler. Also, mother's reaction to their child's negative emotions have mediation effects between toddler's emotionality and social-emotional behaviors. Specifically, toddler's emotionality has a partial mediating effect on social-emotional behaviors through mother's supportive reaction to their child's negative emotions. Additionally it was also determined that the toddler's emotionality has a complete mediating effect on the relationship between mother's unsupportive reaction to their child's negative emotions and the social-emotional behaviors of toddler. Theses results support the notion that mother's character as well as child's personality at birth are critical predictors which could impact social-emotional behaviors of toddler.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.865-874
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• 2020

In Vietnam, the airline service sector plays an important economic role. However, it is a complicated industry that is open to failures. Negative emotions are an essential variable for the airline service industry because they can trigger a variety of coping behaviors that affect consumer loyalty as well as the image and reputation of the airline service providers. However, negative emotions and the accompanying coping behaviors are often investigated partially or as separate issues, thus leading to an incomplete understanding. This study is conducted to fill this gap by proposing and testing the causal relationship between negative emotions (anger, frustration, regret) and coping behaviors (complaint, negative word-of-mouth (WOM), and switching intention) in the context of the airline industry. Eight research hypotheses are tested. Using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) on a sample of 587 passengers in Vietnam, the empirical results show that anger and frustration influence complaints, negative WOM, and switching intention, while regret leads to switching intention and negative WOM. Thus, the research has important academic and practical implications. The empirical outcome could be of major importance for airline companies in planning to provide new services and achieve high performance in the long run.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.17-37
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• 2015

The study examined the pathways from maternal reactions to children's negative emotions to children's peer relations through children's empathy and emotional regulation. The participants in this study comprised 463 elementary school 4th-6th graders. They completed questionnaires on maternal reactions to children's negative emotions, levels of children's empathy, maladaptive emotion regulation types and skill levels of children's peer relations. Data were analyzed by means of structural equation modeling. It was found that in the case of maternal emotion coaching reactions, when done indirectly, as well as directly, had an influence on their levels of peer relations. On the other hand, in the case of over-sensitive maternal reactions, when done indirectly, but not directly, had an influence on their levels of peer relations. Therefore, these results indicate that children's empathy mediated the effects of maternal emotion coaching and over-sensitive reactions on peer relations. It also found that there are distinct pathways from maternal reaction types to children's negative emotions to peer relations through empathy and maladaptive emotion regulation types.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.61-78
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• 2014

The study examined the pathways from maternal reactions to children's negative emotions to children's emotion intelligence through children's resilience by gender. The participants in this study comprised 413 elementary school 4th-6th graders (of which 214 were boys, and 199 were girls). They completed questionnaires on maternal reactions to children's negative emotions, children's resilience and levels of children's emotional intelligence. Data were analyzed by means of T-test and structural equation modeling. In the case of the male group, it was found that maternal emotion coaching, when done indirectly, but not directly, had an influence on their levels of emotional intelligence. On the other hand, in the case of the female group, it was found that emotion coaching, when done indirectly, as well as directly, had an influence on their levels of emotional intelligence. Therefore, these results indicate that children's resilience mediated the effects of maternal emotion coaching on emotional intelligence. It also found that there are distinct pathways from maternal reactions to children's negative emotions to emotion intelligence through resilience by gender.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.237-248
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• 2015

This study examines the effects of late school-aged children's perception of their mother's responses to negative emotions and their ego resilience on their life satisfaction. Data were collected from 390 fifth- and sixth-graders residing in Kwangju, Korea. With the data, frequency, percentages, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ were calculated. Pearson's product moment correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analyses were also considered. The effects of various variables on life satisfaction were analyzed, and according to the results, vitality had the greatest effect on life satisfaction, followed by vitality, optimism, emotional coaching responses, interpersonal relationships, emotion-reducing responses, emotion control, and the material employment status, in that order. The study contributes to the literature by providing additional insights into the mother's desirable responses to children's negative emotions and highlighting the importance of positive ego resilience in children's life satisfaction through the elucidation of effects of late school-aged children's perception of their mother's responses to negative emotions and their ego resilience on their life satisfaction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.385-395
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating pathways of emotional regulators in relation to self-conscious negative emotions, including non-suicidal self-harm, guilt, shame, shyness, and internal hostility, further examining the gender difference in the mechanisms. The study subjects of were 652 college students from three universities in J district. Self-report questionnaires on self-harm, self-conscious negative emotions, and emotional control were administered to them. An analysis performed using model 4 of the process macro indicated that self-conscious negative emotions had a significant correlation with self-harming behavior and that this correlation was mediated by the emotional regulation of brooding. These results suggest that negative self-conscious emotions have a significant influence on self-harming behaviors, and brooding reinforces negative emotions then the risk of self-harming behaviors is amplified.