• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2008

Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) is a slowly growing, benign soft tissue tumor. The tumors occur predominantly on the hands and feet. Although the clinical and histopathologic features are well-defined, only a few reports have described the cytologic appearance of this entity. A 26-year-old woman presented with a gradually developing circumscribed soft tissue mass near the proximal phalanx of her left little finger for one year. Imprint and fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears were obtained from the excisional biopsy specimen. The imprint smears were composed of predominantly singly dispersed bland mononuclear cells and several giant cells. The mononuclear cells were polygonal to round, and they showed a histiocyte-like appearance. Osteoclast-type multinucleated giant cells of various sizes were randomly scattered throughout the smears, and these cells contained 3 to 50 nuclei. Nuclear atypia and pleomorphism were absent in both the single and giant cells. Loose aggregates of hemosiderin-laden macrophages and binuclear stromal cells were also seen. The cytologic features of the FNA smears were similar with those of the imprint, Additionally, the FNA smears contained several clumps of densely collagenous stromal tissue that were seldom noted in previously reported cytologic material. The cytologic features were well-correlated with the concurrent histologic findings and the diagnosis of GCTTS was made. When the clinical and radiologic datas are integrated, the diagnosis of GCTTS can be strongly suggested, based on the pre-operative cytologic specimen.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.300-308
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• 2021

Usually, during slaughter, the meat is divided into large chunks by part after deboning. The meat chunks are inspected for the presence of needles with an X-ray scanner. Although needles in the meat chunks are easily detectable, they can also be found in trimmings and meat offals, where meat skins, fat chunks, and pieces of meat from different parts get agglomerated. Detection of needles in trimmings and meat offals becomes challenging because of many needle-like patterns that are detected by the X-ray scanner. This problem can be solved by learning the trimmings or meat offals using deep learning. However, it is not easy to collect a large number of learning patterns in trimmings or meat offals. In this study, we demonstrate the use of deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) to create fake images of trimmings or meat offals and train them using a convolution neural network (CNN).

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 2008

Process of the hydroxyapatite (HA) formation on bioactive titanium metal prepared by NaOH treatment in a modified-simulated body fluid (mSBF) containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscope attached with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). The amorphous titanate, which was formed on titanium surface by NaOH treatment, combined with the calcium ions in the liquid to form an amorphous calcium titanite. With increasing of soaking time in the liquid, an amorphous calcium titanite combined with the phosphate ions to form an amorphous calcium phosphate with low Ca/P atomic ratio, and it grows as aggregates of plate (or needle)-like substance on titanium surface. The crystalline apatite layers, which are needle-shaped with the c axis parallel to the long axis, are formed in an amorphous calcium phosphate with further increase in soaking time. The formation of needle-shaped apatite layers can be explained by electrostatic effects and difference of concentration between calcium, phosphate, and albumin ions.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.315-318
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• 2004

We developed a vapor induced crystallization (VIC) process for the first time to obtain high quality polycrystalline Si films by sublimating the mixture of $AlCl_3$ and $NiCl_2$. The VIC process enhanced the crystallization of amorphous silicon thin films. The LPCVD amorphous silicon thin films were completely crystallized after 5 hours at 480 $^{\circ}C$. It is known that needle-like grains with very small width grow in the Ni-metal induced lateral crystallization. In our new method, the width of grains is larger because the grain can also grow perpendicular to the needle growth direction. Also the interface between the merging grain boundaries was coherent. As the results, a polycrystalline film with superior microstructure has been obtained.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.76-84
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• 2001

Generally fuel injection system using solenoid have some problems between control signal and mechanical movement like as time lag. Main purpose of the present study is to help the design optimization of GDSI for real engine application. We have adopted two different solenoid driving circuit, namely saturation and pick-hold type and have investigated experimentally the current, needle force, needle opening duration and injection quantity. The pick-hold type driving circuit surpassed a saturation type in the response time and pression control of injection quantity. Accordingly, Using characterization data of operating factors such as time constant, driving force and so on, can be evaluated and adjusted to obtain an optimum injector performance.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 1991

A 33-year-old woman who was diagnosed as medullary carcinoma by fine needle aspiration of thyroid mass is presented. The smear revealed dispersed pattern and small clusters of cells without follicular or papillary structures. The nuclei were round, oval or spindle shaped and eccentrically located. The cytoplasm was abundant and showed red-stained cytoplasmic granulation and tail-like projection with indistinct border. Clumps of amorphous, light-green material were intermingled with tumor cells.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07c
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• pp.1581-1583
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• 2000

In this paper, we proposed a surface discharge FFL with the new electrode structure like the needle shaped electrode as the variation of cell structure to high luminance and low power consumption. In comparison with different electrode structure it has low discharge voltage and current and good optical characteristics. So it has better discharge characteristics than different surface discharge FFL and can be fungible of backlight as a lighting source in LCDs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.5
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• pp.516-524
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• 2008

We investigated on the distribution of nutrient contents (N. P and K) in current and one-year old needles of Korean pine, Pinus koraiensis, to understand the physiological effects of alternate bearing. One experimental set was designed with three types of cone number (one, three and five) under natural state and cone number of another one was controlled by thinning. Test samples were separated to collect into three fractions; current needles on the shoot and one-year old needles above and under the cone. On the branch without cone, N, P and K concentrations in needles on the shoot were higher than those in needles of one-year old branch. At natural state, needle P concentration was the lowest in needles on the five-cone branch in August. Macronutrient concentrations were the lowest in needles above the cone, which was remarkably observed in needle K concentration. Under cone thinning, N. P and K concentrations were the highest in needles on one-cone branch and the lowest in needles on five-cone branch. Needle nutrient concentrations were the lowest in needles above the cone, which was remarkably observed in the needle on five-cone branch. In conclusion, the current needles of the shoot and cones are a strong sink of nutrient like N. P and K, and the increase of cone number influences nutrient removal from needles.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.245-251
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• 2008

Although many studies have been carried out about binary gas mixtures with $SF_6$, few studies were presented about breakdown characteristics of $SF_6/CF_4$ mixtures. At present study the breakdown characteristics of $SF_6/CF_4$ mixtures in non-uniform field was performed. The experiments were carried out under AC voltage and standard lightning impulse(SLI) voltage. Breakdown characteristics were investigated for $SF_6/CF_4$ mixtures when AC voltages and standard lighting impulse voltage was applied in a needle-plane. The needle-plane electrode whose gap distance was 3 mm were used in a test chamber. $SF_6/CF_4$ mixtures contained from 0 to 100% $SF_6$ and the experimental gas pressure ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 MPa. The breakdown characteristics of $SF_6/CF_4$ mixtures in non-uniform field may be influenced by defects like needle-shaped protrusions. In case of slowly rising SLI voltage and AC voltage it is enhanced by corona-stabilization. This phenomena caused by the ion drift during streamer development and the resulting space-charge is investigated. In non-uniform field under negative SLI voltage the breakdown voltage was increase linearly but under positive SLI voltage the breakdown voltage increase non-linearly. The breakdown voltage in needle-plane electrode displayed N shape characteristics for increasing the content of $SF_6$ at AC voltage. $SF_6/CF_4$ mixture has good dielectric strength and arc-extinguishing properties than pure SF6. This paper presents experimental results on breakdown characteristics for various mixtures of $SF_6/CF_4$ at practical pressures. We could make an environment friendly gas insulation material with maintaining dielectric strength by combing $SF_6\;and\;CF_4$ which generates a lower lever of the global warming effect.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.209-221
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• 2021

Objectives : The aim of this study was to compare and analyze studies related to fire acupuncture (FA) published in South and North Korea. Methods : FA studies published in South Korea were searched through domestic and overseas databases (KISS, RISS, OASIS, and EMBASE). For North Korean studies, databases from the Information Center on North Korea and Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information were used. Among the searched literatures, clinical studies using FA as a treatment intervention were selected (i.e., randomized controlled trials, and case reports). Finally, information such as the disease for which FA was used, the characteristics of FA, and details of treatment methods for FA were extracted from the screened literatures and the results of South and North Korean studies were compared and analyzed. Results : This review included 28 South Korean studies and 9 North Korean studies. All studies in South Korea, except for the three articles that used traditional FA treatment, applied "warm needling"-like acupuncture (WA) in the form of heating the handle of the needle after inserting the needle into the skin, and most studies were conducted on diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Whereas in the North Korean studies, FA was applied to various diseases such as trigeminal neuralgia, skin diseases, and gastrointestinal diseases, and standardized FA tools were used. Conclusions : Studies on traditional FA treatment have rarely been reported in South Korea. The amount of information described in the FA studies in North Korea was limited. In this review, the characteristics of FA treatment tools in South and North Korean studies were mainly analyzed. In the future, FA studies from more diverse perspectives are needed.