• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.51.2-51.2
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• 2010

Efficient and durable electrical energy storage is one of the major factors limiting the wide-spread adoption of renewable energy. Since lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were first commercialized in the early 1990s, LIBs have emerged as an important energy storage device for portable electronics. LIBs are very desirable because of their high energy storage per volume and per mass. However, LIBs with high energy and power as well as higher stability are needed for their use in a variety of energy storage applications such as MEMS devices, PDA, plug-in hybrids, all-electric vehicles and large scale utility systems. In this talk, I will discuss present energy perspective, especially energy storage and its role in renewable energy. After that I will discuss the recent advances in nanostructured materials and interface engineering that have led to the achievement of improved Li-ion batteries. Finally I will talk aboutcritical issues that need to be addressed to obtain further improvements in Li-ion batteries.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.193-214
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• 1998

The purpose of the present study was to examine the causal model of nurses' organizational commitment. Based on literature review and Fishbein's behavioral intentions model ((Fishbein. 1967: Fishbein & Ajzen. 1975). the organizational commitment was conceptualized within a motivational framework that mediate between antecedents variables and outcome variables. Antecedent variables were pay, promotional chances. continuing education opportunity. rigidity of the administration. paticipative decision making, latitude, group support, role conflict, work load, need for achievement. experience and pride for professional nursing. Outcome variable was turnover intention. The subjects were 373 nurses who were working at 2 large general hospitals located in Seoul. It represents a response rate of 94%. Data for this study was collected from August 29 to September 22 in 1997 by Questionnaire. Path analysis with LISREL 7.16 prigram was used to test the fit of the proposed conceptual model to data and to examine the causal relationships among variables. The result showed that both the proposed model and the modified model fit the data excellently. It needs to be notified, however. that path analysis can not count measurment errors: measurement error can attenuate estimates of coefficient and explanatory power. Nontheless the model revealed considerable explanatory power for organizational commitment (58%), pride for professional nursing (50%) and turnover intention(40%). In predicting nurses' organizational commitment, the findings of this study clearly demonstrated 'the pride for professional nursing' might be the most important variables of all the antecedent variables. Group support, role conflict, need for achievement were also found to be important determinants for the organizational commitment and turnover intention, The result showed experience might be a predictor for 'pride for professional nursing' and 'turnover intention' but not 'organizational commitment', 'Rigidity of the administration' and latitude were also found to have important roles in predictingr the organizational commitment, while participative decision making might have an impact on turnover intention. On the other hand promotional chance had an influence on all the outcome variables, while pay only on turnover intention. In predicting turnover intention, the result clearly revealed 'the pride for professional nursing' and 'organizational commitment' might be the most powerful predictors among all the variables. Theses results were discussed, including directions for the future research and practical implications drawn from the research were suggested.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.483-499
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• 2021

The curriculum localization policy is closely related to the decentralization and autonomy policy, which is a direction of the 2022 revised curriculum. In particular, considering the continuously expanding and changing environment and contents in science education, the localization of the science curriculum has the advantage of advancing to expertise through diversity. In this paper, through experts' perception of the science curriculum localization policy, the implications of the curriculum revision were confirmed, focusing on 'MPOE(Metropolitan and Provincial Offices of Education) curriculum arrangement and implementation guidelines(hereinafter referred to as 'guidelines')' and the achievement standards revision of science curriculum. In conclusion, study participants considered that the possibility of expanding the localization of the curriculum was high due to the unique characteristics of science practices. And they recognized the level of localization at the 'district office of education or village'-level between MPOE-level and school-level. When localization reaches the school-level in the future, it was considered necessary to discuss linkage with teacher policies such as teacher's competency, noting that the level of teachers could become the level of localization. In addition, there was a common perception that in order for the science 'guidelines' to be localized, 17 MPOE must be given the authority to autonomously organize some achievement standards in parallel. It was considered that 'restructuring or slimming of achievement standards' should precede localization of achievement standards in connection with this. On the other hand, it was predicted that the curriculum localization policy would enhance the aspect of diversification and autonomy of the science curriculum, and the establishment of achievement standards was directly related to evaluation, so it recognized the need to refine policies such as new description for evaluation clause in future science 'guidelines'. Finally, considering science and characteristics, it was mentioned that it is necessary to specify regional intensive science education policies in the 'guidelines' themselves beyond the localization of teaching materials.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2009

The study was to investigate an effect of students' learning for enhancing spatial ability, using a geometric manipulative recently designed. A mixed methodology was chosen to achieve the purpose of the study. To find students' achievement, 152 of the 8th graders in Kyunggi Do participated in data collection. At the same time. students' performance of the class was videotaped and analyzed to see students' responses, The results showed that the effect of using the manipulative was statistically significant at level, p<.05 to enhance the spatial ability. Specifically, in comparison of each component. spatial orientation was more effective than spatial visualization. In the spatial orientation, the part of field was more effective than the reorganized whole. It showed that students were given more opportunities to find mathematical properties and relations between 2nd and 3rd-dimensional figures through their intuitive observation, and also the manipulative helped the students find the property of the part of field because it gave an easy way to manipulate the property of the find parts of whole which was composed of the frame of the solid figures without surfaces. In using the manipulative, students were very flexible in finding the number of plane figures, but the relations between the 2nd and 3rd dimensional figures need to be clearly guided in consideration of the characteristics of the manipulative, based on the definitions of geometric properties(cf. points can make lines, not surfaces directly).

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.153-165
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• 2009

Entrepreneurship is vital in the foodservice industry more than any other industry as a force to overcome the obstacles in the management environment due to the relatively small scale of the business. The existing literature shows that entrepreneurship not only leads toward innovative management, but also enhances corporate performance. This paper undertakes an analysis of the relations between entrepreneurs' needs for achievement and entrepreneurship, and the way in which entrepreneurship influences corporate performance. For this study, 250 restaurant owners in Busan were surveyed from December 10 to 20, 2008, and 232 copies of the questionnaire were analyzed. SPSS 12.0 package program and Amos 5.0 were used for statistical analysis. The result of the analysis suggests that entrepreneurs' desire to achieve goals could influence the entrepreneurship variable. Moreover, entrepreneurship enhances corporate performance. In sum, the three-dimensional scale of entrepreneurship which includes innovativeness, constructive risk taking, and proactiveness strengthens corporate performance. Future research should investigate the processes by which entrepreneurship enhances performance and other potential moderator variables.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.111-119
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• 2017

Purpose: School meal programs should be part of the educational process to promote good eating habits for students. The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation scale for educational school meal programs and evaluate the achievement level of educational school meal programs using the developed scale. Methods: The evaluation scale for educational school meal programs consisted of 23 items in eight categories and was developed using content validity ratio (CVR) analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) by 15 related experts. The results of a survey on nutrition teachers or dietitians at 91 elementary, middle, and high schools in Gyeonggi province, South Korea were analyzed to evaluate the achievement levels of educational school meal programs. Results: Overall, total average score was 45.7 out of 100, with significant differences among schools (p = 0.005). Elementary schools (51.9) showed a higher average score than middle (41.5) and high schools (37.1). The score for the category of regular nutrition and dietary education was the lowest (5.7 out of 33.7). In addition, school meal environment (5 out of 10), educational activities through school meal time (9.2 out of 19), and extra-curricular experiential activities (3.5 out of 10) also showed inadequate levels. Conclusion: The results show that the overall level of educational school meal programs is not adequate and needs to be improved, especially at middle and high schools. Government support polices need to be implemented to encourage educational activities related to school meal programs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.183-214
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• 1998

The purpose of the present study was to examine the causal model of nurses' organizational commitment. Based on literature review and Fishbein's behavioral intentions model ((Fishbein, 1967;Fishbein & Ajzen. 1975), the organizational commitment was conceptualized within a motivational framework that mediate between antecedents variables and outcome variables. Antecedent variables were pay, promotional chances, continuing education opportunity, rigidity of the administration, paticipative decision making, latitude, group support, role conflict, work load, need for achievement, experience and pride for professional nursing. Outcome variable was turnover intention. The subjects were 373 nurses who were working at 2 large general hospitals located in Seoul. It represents a response rate of 94%. Data for this study was collected from August 29 to September 22 in 1997 by Questionnaire. Path analysis with LISREL 7.16 prigram was used to test the fit of the proposed conceptual model to data and to examine the causal relationships among variables. The result showed that both the proposed model and the modified model fit the data excellently. It needs to be notified, however, that path analysis can not count measurement errors; measurement error can attenuate estimates of coefficient and explanatory power. Nontheless the model revealed considerable explanatory power for organizational commitment (58%). pride for professional nursing (50%) and turnover intention(40%). In predicting nurses' organizational commitment. the findings of this study clearly demonstrated 'the pride for professional nursing' might be the most important variables of all the antecedent variables. Group support. role conflict, need for achievement were also found to be important determinants for the organizational commitment and turnover intention. The result showed experience might be a predictor for 'pride for professional nursing' and 'turnover intention' but not 'organizational commitment'. 'Rigidity of the administration' and latitude were also found to have important roles in predictor for the organizational commitment, while participative decision making might have an impact on turnover intention. On the other hand promotional chance had an influence on all the outcome variables, while pay only on turnover intention. In predicting turnover intention, the result clearly revealed 'the pride for professional nursing' and 'organizational commitment' might be the most powerful predictors among all the variables. Theses results were discussed, including directions for the future research and practical implications drawn from the research were suggested.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.286-296
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• 2008

This study aims to examine the relationship between teachers' parcitipation levels in the decision making process and the organizational effectiveness in the middle schools. To achieve this objectives, 559 teachers of 18 middle schools in Busan were involved through a questionaire. The results are as follows: First, teachers consider their participation in decision-making to be low. Second, teachers view the effectiveness of school systems higher than average. Third, the correlation between teachers' participation and the system effectiveness (including job satisfaction, organization adaptability and job achievement) was positively high. When teachers' participation levels were divided into 3 groups - low, middle, and high-, the system effectiveness appeared highest with the high- level participation group. These results suggest the need for teacher participation in decision making to enhance the effectiveness of school systems.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

Since 2019, elementary schools have been teaching software to students, so pre-service teachers should have the ability to teach software. Also, in the COVID-19 situation, pre-service teachers need the ability to teach software online. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of online software education for preservice teachers. After providing online software education to preservice teachers, we analyse the results and examines whether online software education is effective. In this study, we define 55 learning elements by analyzing the achievement standards that can evaluate the software education ability of preservice teachers. We figure out whether pre-service teachers have acquired the ability to provide online software education to elementary school students. As a result of the study, we concluded that pre-service teachers who received this online education could conduct software education online in elementary school.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.37-51
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• 2017

We investigated how entrepreneurship, information technology acceptance, and media utilization influence on office worker commitment and how effects are modulated by learning orientation. The purpose of this study is to identify variables that influence on office worker commitment. To do so, entrepreneurship, information technology acceptance, and media utilization that are the core competencies of individuals and organizations in the era of smart information are proposed as predictor variables, office worker commitment as a outcome variable and learning orientation as a modulator. For this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on office workers, and finally 340 valid questionnaires are used for analysis. Hierarchical regression analysis is used with demographic characteristics as control variables and learning orientation as a modulating variables. A result showed that the higher need for achievement and proactiveness of entrepreneurship is, the higher job commitment is and that the perceived usefulness of information technology acceptance and communication utilization ability of media utilization competitiveness have a positive effect on job commitment. A research showed that learning orientation is modulating the relationship between entrepreneurship and job commitment, and between media utilization capability and job commitment, respectively. We concluded that we should actively seek synergies of learning orientation along with accumulation of online communication utilization capacity and perceived usefulness of information technology, and of proactiveness need for achievement and in entrepreneurship in order to improve the work committment in the smart information society where the digital environment is advanced.