• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2013

The global warming of the Korean Peninsula proceeds most rapidly in the world and its abnormal climate is more deepening. In the result of the surged electricity consumption by intense heat of summer and severe cold of winter, electricity supply and demand status is in hard situation. Currently, the supply of natural gas is increased because natural gas has the lowest greenhouse-gas emissions among the existed fossil fuel. Natural gas cooling has a lot of advantage such as decreasing electricity peak, reducing construction expenses in additional power plant, operating natural gas storage facilities efficiently, and playing a role as distributed generations. Therefore, this study analyzes the economic feasibilities of gas cooling as an alternative for electric power load management.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.625-641
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• 2013

This study is analyzed the environmental ecological status of Suncheon Bay and its applicable possibility to the selection criteria of UNESCO World Natural Heritage (hereafter Criteria). The study shows that the formation process of the tidal-flats in Suncheon bay could apply to the Criteria VIII, "to be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history." The landscape pattern of Suncheon Bay is deduced various patterns based on 5 biotope types: tidal-flat, rice-paddy, field area, coniferous natural forest, and broadleaf natural forest. Its landscape characteristic is a harmonized composition of various landscape including mountains, rivers, fields, and tidal-flats. It is judged that the unique landscape of Suncheon Bay falls under the criteria VII, "areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance." In addition, Suncheon Bay, the habitat of the Hooded Crane as internationally endangered species, comes under the criteria X, "the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of threatened species." The study shows, however, that any other designation for protected area including national park or biosphere reserve is a prerequisite for designation of World Nature Heritage. In particular, it could evaluate whether it is qualified of the Criteria after the integrated conservation and management to the Sucheon bay as well as the southwestern tidal-flat is preceded.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.191-200
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• 2014

This study aims to analyze the current status of government-designated cultural heritage that are protected as sacred natural sites, focused on natural monuments and scenic sites, and provide basic research for these cultural heritage to be included in the protected area category. First, among natural cultural heritage that are designated and protected by Cultural heritage Protection Law, there are 40 scenic sites and 126 natural monuments that have been selected as sacred nature sites. Second, the study showed that sacred nature sites are sacred places that have been long associated with happiness and misfortune of the villagers, including Dangsan Forest, Seunghwanglim(Forest), and, as physical environment and combination of cultural value, rules, and attitude and belief system toward the land that protect the people. The unique folk beliefs of the region provide strong protection of the place. Third, although the natural monuments of old and large trees are not included in the protected area as they are recognized sparsely, but can be designated as world protected area as protected areas are set around sacred nature sites. Fourth, in order to be included in IUCN category, sacred natural sites of scenic sites will need to be managed by specific categories of each area according to the interior status of the designated areas and maintain the sustainability of the natural heritage by protecting both physical and spiritual elements.

• Language and Information
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.113-130
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• 2004

In a prevailing view of meaning and reference (cf. Frege 1892), words pick out entities in the physical world by virtue of meaning. Linguists and philosophers have argued whether the meaning of a word is inside or out-side language users' mind; but, in general, they have taken it for granted that words refer to entities in the physical world. Hilary Putnam (1975), based on his famous twin-earth thought experiment, argued that the meaning of a word could not be inside language users' head. In this paper, I point out that Putnam's argument makes sense only if words refer to entities in the physical world. That is, Putnam did not provide any argument against mentalistic semantics, since he erroneously assumed that meaning, but not reference, was inside our mind in mentalistic semantics. Mentalistic semanticist, however, assume that words pick out their references inside our head (instead of a possible outside world). A number of arguments for the mentalistic position come from psychology: studies on emotion and visual perception provide numerous cases where words cannot pick out entities from the physical world, but inside our head. The mentalistic theory has desirable consequences for the philosophy of language in that some classical puzzles of language (e.g. Russell's (1919) well-known puzzle of excluded middle) are explained well in the proposed theory.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.192-199
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• 2016

Mixed and augmented reality technique deals with mixing content between real world and virtual world containing augmented reality and augmented virtuality excluding of pure real and pure virtual world. In mixed and augmented reality, if a live actor and entity moving in real world can be embedded more naturally in 3D virtual world, various advanced applications such 3D tele-presence, 3D virtual experience education and etc can be serviced. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a standard model which is supporting to embed the live actor and entity into 3D virtual space, and to interact with each other. And also the natural embedding and interaction of live actor and entity can be performed based on the proposed model.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.401-409
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• 2017

The primary cilium is a non-motile microtubule-based organelle that protrudes from the surface of most human cells and works as a cellular antenna to accept extracellular signals. Primary cilia assemble from the basal body during the resting stage ($G_0$ phase) and simultaneously disassemble with cell cycle re-entry. Defective control of assembly or disassembly causes diverse human diseases including ciliopathy and cancer. To identify the effective compounds for studying primary cilium disassembly, we have screened 297 natural compounds and identified 18 and 17 primary cilium assembly and disassembly inhibitors, respectively. Among them, the application of KY-0120, identified as Brefeldin A, disturbed Dvl2-Plk1-mediated cilium disassembly via repression of the interaction of $CK1{\varepsilon}-Dvl2$ and the expression of Plk1 mRNA. Therefore, our study may suggest useful compounds for studying the cellular mechanism of primary cilium disassembly to prevent ciliopathy and cancer.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2009

Two of the most important topics of the 21st century are ensuring harmony between man and his environment and the emerging long-tail economy in which niche markets are becoming increasingly more important. Since the Industrial Revolution in 17th century, human beings have increasingly exploited the world's natural capital, such as the natural environment and its ecosystems. Now the world is facing limits to sustainable economic growth because of limits to this natural capital. Thus, most countries are beginning to adopt a new development paradigm, the so-called"Green Development Paradigm" which pursues environmental conservation in parallel with economic growth. Recently, the Korean government announced an ambitious national policy of Low Carbon & Green Growth for the next six decades. This is an important step that transforms the existing national policy into a new future-oriented one. The fisheries sector in particular has great potential for making a substantial contribution to this national policy initiative. For example, the ocean itself with its sea plants and phytoplankton has an enormous capacity for fixing carbon, and its vast areas of tidal flats have a tremendous potential for cleaning up pollutants from both the sea and the land. Furthermore, the fishing industry has great potential for the development of fuel-saving biodegradable technologies, and a long-tail economy based on digital technologies can do much to promote the production and consumption of green goods and services derived from the oceans and the fisheries. In order for this potential to be realized, the fisheries authority needs to develop a new green-growth strategy that is practical and widely supported by fishing communities and the markets, taking into account the need for greenhouse gas reduction, conservation of the ocean environment and ecosystems, an improved system for seafood safety, the establishment of strengthened MCS (monitoring control surveillance) system, and the development of coastal ecotourism. In addition, fisheries green policies need to be implemented through a well-organized system of government aids, regulations and compensation, and spontaneous (voluntary) orders in fishing communities should be promoted to encourage far more responsible fisheries.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.478-482
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• 2017

In order to identify key nations and bird species of conservation concern we described multinational collaborations as defined using network analysis linked by birds that are found in all nations in the network. We used network analysis to assess the patterns in bird occurrence for 10,422 bird inventories from 244 countries and territories. Nations that are important in multinational collaborations for bird conservation were assessed using the centrality measures, closeness and betweenness centrality. Countries important for the multinational collaboration of bird conservation were examined based on their centrality measures, which included closeness and betweenness centralities. Comparatively, the co-occurrence network was divided into four groups that reveal different biogeographical structures. A group with higher closeness centrality included countries in southern Africa and had the potential to affect species in many other countries. Birds in countries in Asia, Australia and the South Pacific that are important to the cohesiveness of the global network had a higher score of betweenness centrality. Countries that had higher numbers of bird species and more extensively distributed bird species had higher centrality scores; in these countries, birds may act as excellent indicators of trends in the co-occurrence bird network. For effective bird conservation in the world, much stronger coordination among countries is required. Bird co-occurrence patterns can provide a suitable and powerful framework for understanding the complexity of co-occurrence patterns and consequences for multinational collaborations on bird conservation.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to research the symbolistic values of western beards' style in the twentieth century. Namely, it is to consider the relationship between social-cultural factors and aesthetic meanings of western beards' style. The contents are, firstly, studying the conception and the types of beard. A beard is the hair that grows on a person's chin, cheeks, neck, and the area above the upper lip. At the World Beard & Moustache Championships, there are moustache category (natural, english, hungarian, dali, fu manchu, freestyle), beard category (natural, musketeer, goatee, sideburns, freestyle), and full beard category (natural, garibaldi, verdi, van dyck, freestyle), Secondly, this paper is continued by researching the history of beard from the ancient to the present day, and thirdly, analyzing political dictatorship, social resistance and expression of personality, religious dignity, related with the change of world situation, the formation of postmodern anti-culture and pop-culture, and the coexistence of traditional culture. There are long and bushy full beards in some religions like Hinduism, Judaism and Islam. The meanings of their beards are purity, life and holiness. The beards of some politicians symbolize dictatorship. Namely, the chaplin of Hitler, the moustache of Hussein and the musketeer of Castro express strong power and charisma. In 1950s'-70s' subcultures, Hipsters' goatee, Bikers' horseshoe, Beat generations' goatee and Hippies' natural represent the lack of adaptability and social resistance. Also, the celebrities and artists like Ronald Colman, Clark Gable, Don Johnson, George Clooney, and Salvador Dali express freedom, personality, and taste with beards. For that matter, the symbolistic values of beards' style in the twentieth century are the religious dignity, the political dictatorship, the social resistance and the expression of personality. Today the beards' style is one of fashion items as well as a symbol of masculinity, customs and classes.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.911-917
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• 1999

The sonic nozzle is widely used as reference device for calibrating flowmeters In gas flow measurement and its use requires the Critical Flow Factor(CFF) based on the thermodynamic properties of the gas at the nozzle throat. ISO-9300 provides the calculating method of the factor. But since the CFF from this method show an error over ${\pm}0.5%$ In specific conditions and of ${\pm}0.1{\sim}{\pm}0.2%$ in common Natural Gas(NG) custody transfer condition. this method cannot be applied for gas flow measurement with sonic nozzle. Each research bodies or organizations of the world have joined in order to calculate the CFF more accurately. They have performed these works using their own method and compared the results with each other under the management of ISO. KOGAS have joined those works, because the high-pressure natural gas flow calibration facility of KOGAS will be constructed in late 1999, and then had necessities to calculate a CFF accurately. The calculation method of KOGAS was using the equation of state from AGA-8('94), high accuracy model of ideal gas properties and the solutions of thermodynamic equations. The evaluation results have had a very good consistency within ${\pm}0.05%$ in most NO custody transfer conditions compared to the speed of sound for methane and also shown that the CFF was within ${\pm}0.1%$ compared to the results of other works of the world.