Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회지)

Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Research for Current Status of Protected Area in Korea and World Protected Area Designation - Focused on sacred natural sites designated as scenic site & natural monument -

국내 보호지역의 현황 및 세계보호지역 설정을 위한 기초연구 - 명승·천연기념물로 지정된 보호지역을 중심으로-

  • Kim, Jae-Ung (National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Min (Dept. of Eco Friendly Horticulture, Cheonan Yonam College)
  • 김재웅 (문화재청 국립문화재연구소) ;
  • 김승민 (천안 연암대학 친환경원예과)
  • Received : 2014.05.07
  • Accepted : 2014.06.02
  • Published : 2014.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the current status of government-designated cultural heritage that are protected as sacred natural sites, focused on natural monuments and scenic sites, and provide basic research for these cultural heritage to be included in the protected area category. First, among natural cultural heritage that are designated and protected by Cultural heritage Protection Law, there are 40 scenic sites and 126 natural monuments that have been selected as sacred nature sites. Second, the study showed that sacred nature sites are sacred places that have been long associated with happiness and misfortune of the villagers, including Dangsan Forest, Seunghwanglim(Forest), and, as physical environment and combination of cultural value, rules, and attitude and belief system toward the land that protect the people. The unique folk beliefs of the region provide strong protection of the place. Third, although the natural monuments of old and large trees are not included in the protected area as they are recognized sparsely, but can be designated as world protected area as protected areas are set around sacred nature sites. Fourth, in order to be included in IUCN category, sacred natural sites of scenic sites will need to be managed by specific categories of each area according to the interior status of the designated areas and maintain the sustainability of the natural heritage by protecting both physical and spiritual elements.

본 연구는 보호지역으로 보호되고 있는 국가지정 문화재중 천연기념물과 명승을 대상으로 현황을 분석하고 이들 문화재를 보호지역 카테고리에 포함하기 위한 기초연구로 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현재 문화재보호법으로 지정 보호되고 있는 자연문화재중 명승과 천연기념물을 대상으로 보호지역 현황을 조사한 결과 명승40개소, 천연기념물 126개소가 보호지역으로 조사되었다. 둘째, 조사결과 자연문화재에서의 보호지역은 마을에서 '당숲', '성황림', '신림(神林)'등으로 오랫동안 마을사람들의 행(幸) 불행(不幸)에 관계된 성스러운 대상이었으며, 물리적 환경뿐만 아니라 문화적 가치와 규범, 토지에 대한 태도와 신앙관 등이 종합적으로 결합된 결과물로써, 주민들로부터 마을을 지켜주는 신성한 장소로 인식되고 있으며, 그 지역의 독특한 민간신앙 등으로 인해 강력한 보호를 받고 있는 것을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 천연기념물 노거수는 점적인 형태로 인식되어 보호지역에 포함하지 못하고 있으나, 보호지역을 중심으로 보호구역을 설정되어 있어 세계보호지역 등재가 가능할 것으로 조사되었다. 넷째, 명승의 자연성지는 IUCN 카테고리의 지정 목적을 달성할 수 있도록 세계보호지역으로 설정함에 있어 명승 내부의 공간별 특성에 따라 자연성지를 비롯한 개별 카테고리를 세분화하여 적용함으로써 세계보호지역으로 관리하여 보호해야 할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi, J. U., Kim, D. Y., Lee, S. H. and Kim, S. K. (2007). Perspectives on the Current Condition and Landscape Management Status of the Dangsan Forests in Sungnam-ri, Wonju. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture. 35(3): 82-91.
  2. Choi, J. U., Kim, D. Y., Kim, M. H. and Jo, L. W. (2012). Perspectives on the Characteristics and Meanings as of a Traditional Ecological Landscape as Dangsan Forest and Dangsan Ritual Place in Seoseongri, Wando-gun. Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture. 30(1): 135-145.
  3. Dudley. (2008). Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories.
  4. Han, B. H., Choi, J. W., No, T. H. and Kim, J. S. (2012). Vegetation Distribution Status and Change for Twenty Four Years(1986-2010) of Seunghwanglim(Forest), Wonju. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology. 26(5): 741-757.
  5. Heo, H. Y. (2006). Study on the development of evaluation model of management effectiveness for adaptive management of protected areas. Ph. D. Thesis of Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
  6. Heo, H. Y., Kim, H., Lee, Y. J. and Kim, S. I. (2007). A Study on the Application of IUCN Category to the Protected Areas of Korea. Journal of Korean Institute of Korea Environment. 6(2): 71-96.
  7. IUCN. (1994). Guidelines for Protected Area Management Categories. NPPA with the assistance of WCMC. IUCN. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
  8. IUCN. (2008). Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories.
  9. IUCN(2008). Sacred Natural Sites, Guidelines for Protected Area Managers. Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 16.
  10. IUCN. (2008) Guidelines for Protected Area Management Categories.
  11. IUCN. (2012). Guidelines for Applying the IUCN Protected Area Management Categories to Marine Protected Areas.
  12. Jeon, J. H. (2013). A Study on the Evaluation and Categorization of National Heritage 'Myeongseung' in Korea from the Viewpoint of World Heritage Concept and its Criteria. Journal of the Korean Geographical Society. 48(6); 929-943.
  13. Jo, G. M. and Park, K. S. (1992). Cultural Heritage Sites in Goheung-Gun. Mokpo: Museum of Mokpo National University.
  14. Kweon, E. Y. (2013). Restoration Process of Gochang Ogeori Dangsanje- (ritual) and its Folklore Value. 國語文學 54: 129-153.
  15. Kim, H. B. (1991). study on the Korean village grove. Ph. D. Thesis of Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
  16. Kim, H. B. and Jang, D. S. (1994). Korea' s Village Forest : Dangsan Forest and Bibo Dangsan Forest in Korean Traditional Village. Seoul: Youlhwadang.
  17. Lim, E. J., So, H. S. and Lee, S. D. (2012). A Study on the Cultural Landscape Characteristics of Village Forest Sites in the Southern Coast. Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture. 30(2): 29-41.
  18. Nam, Y. H. and Yoon, Y. H. (2002). The Change and Preservation of Village Forests viewed from Historical Backgrounds. Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture. 20(2): 23-32.
  19. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage. (2009). Survey State Designated Natural Heritages of the Republic of Korea.
  20. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage. (2010). Survey Study on the Scenic Site landscape Resources & DataBase. (3)
  21. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage. (2011). Survey Study on the Scenic Site landscape Resources & DataBase. (4)
  22. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage. (2012). Survey Study on the Scenic Site landscape Resources & DataBase. (5)
  23. Shin, S. S. (2007).The Find of Korean Traditional Villages and Cultural Landscape. Seoul:Daega.
  24. Oviedo, G. and Jeanrenaud, S. (2006). "Protecting Sacred Natural Sites of Indigenous and Traditional Peoples". In Mallarach and Papayannis.
  25. Phillips, A. (2003). Management Guidelines for IUCN Category V Pro-tected Areas Protected Landscape/Seascape. Best Protected Area Gu- idelines Series 9. IUCN.
  26. Seo, H. S., Kim, M. T., Kim, M. J., Bae, Y. D., Lee, J. S., Shin, J. S., Jeong, S. M. and Lee, K. Y. (2010). Historical and Changes in the Annual Customs. Seoul:Minsokwon.
  27. UNESCO. (2011). Preparing World Heritage Nominations.
  28. Rossler, M., 2002, Linking Nature and Culture: World Heritage Cultura l Landscapes, in Cultural
  29. UNESCO. (2013). Operational Guideline for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention.

Cited by

  1. A Study on the Synecological Values of the Torreya nucifera Forest (Natural Monument No. 374) at Pyeongdae-ri in Jeju Island vol.33, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.14700/KITLA.2015.33.4.087
  2. Perspectives on the Landscape Characteristics and Management Scheme of Sacred Dangsan Forest in Singi-ri, Namwon-si as an Agricultural Heritage vol.34, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.14700/KITLA.2016.34.3.115