• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.154-165
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• 2014

최근 수평시추, 수압파쇄 등의 기술발전에 따라 셰일가스, 셰일오일, 석탄층 메탄가스 등 비전통자원개발이 활성화 되었다. 이러한 기술발전으로 생산성이 향상되었지만, 화학약품이 포함된 수압파쇄 유체와 오일, 가스와 고농도의 염과 방사성 물질을 함유하는 생산수가 가스 생산중 발생하게 된다. 이같이 생성된 대량의 폐수에 따른 부정적인 환경적 요인은 비전통자원개발에 주요 장애요소로 급격히 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 비전통자원개발에 따른 회수수와 생산수의 처리방법에 대한 융합적인 토대를 제시하고, 새롭게 떠오르는 다양한 수처리 기술을 총설하고자 한다. 비전통 자원개발 현장에 적용 가능한 기본적인 분리공정인 막분리, 증발, 결정화, 탈염공정 기술을 소개하고 또한 대량의 수자원을 사용하는 비전통자원개발의 특성상 물의 재이용 및 재활용이 가능한 기술을 소개하고자 한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제80권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 1991

국립공원(國立公園)을 포함한 자연휴양지(自然休養地)에서 과도한 개발에 따른 자원파괴나 무절제한 이용행위로 인한 환경오염현상은 Social Dilemma에 기인하는 현상으로 볼 수 있다. 자연휴양지(自然休養地)의 Social Dilemma는 공공자원(公共資源)인 산림휴양자원(山林休養資源)을 개발하고 관리하는 과정에서 발생하는 "개인의 이윤추구행위와 공공이익간의 갈등(葛藤)"을 말한다. Social Dilemma는 2가지 특성으로 요약된다. 첫째, 공동체의 구성원 각자가 자신의 이익만을 추구할 경우, 서로 협동하는 경우와 비교해서 더 큰 손해의 댓가를 치러야 하고, 둘째, 공동의 이익을 위해 협동을 하는 경우에는 구성원 각자는 더 큰 보상을 받게 된다. 국립공원(國立公園)에서 Social Dilemma의 해소방안(解消方案)은 크게 구조적(構造的)인 접근방법(接近方法)과 개별적(個別的)인 접근방법(接近方法)으로 구분되고, 구조적(構造的)인 접근방법(接近方法)에는 관리대표자(管理代表者)의 선출(選出), 선택적(選擇的) 보상제도(補償制度) 및 자원(資源)의 소유(所有)나, 관리(管理)를 개별화(個別化)하는 방법이 있으며, 개별적(個別的)인 접근방법(接近方法)에는 직접대화(直接對話)와 홍보(弘報) 및 교육적(敎育的)인 접근법이 포함된다. 본 연구에서는 실험실 연구와 공원현장실험연구의 결과를 Social Dilemma 이론에 의해 종합함으로써 자연휴양지자원에서의 Social Dilemma 이론의 적용을 위한 근거를 제시하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.400-410
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• 2015

Juniperus chinensis (Cupressaceae) is a valuable woody plant resource, but this rare plant is only distributed in restricted regions in Korea. In this study, we surveyed the geographic distribution regions, variation of sex ratio and the dynamics of natural populations of J. chinensis. in order to establish conservation strategies for the sustainable conservation of this important resource tree. The 17 natural populations of J. chinensis are restrictively distributed in the shore cliffs of (1) Ulleungdo island, (2) Gyeongju-si to Gangneung-si of the eastern coast, the riverside cliff along (3) Donggang-river of Jungsun-gun and Pyeongchang-gun and (4) branch of Nakdonggang-river in Uiseong-gun. The populations in Ulleungdo island showed continuous population distribution of over 200 individuals, but populations in other regions had discontinuous population distribution of under 200. The population of J. chinensis surveyed in Korea was estimated in ca. 3,200 individuals. The sex ratio (male/female) among populations of J. chinensis was diverse with variation from 0.46~1.67 range, but showed no significance. The sex ratio of the total individuals by species level was 0.74, and the percentage of female tree was significantly higher than the male. The results of dynamics analysis within population among regions showed that seedlings and saplings of J. chinensis in three regions surveyed were continuously regenerating. The distribution of DBH class showed a stable population structure of inverse J shape graph, but fragmentation and decrease in populations because of invading broad-leaved shrubs and trees from the surroundings were concerned. Further studies, and in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for the sustainable conservation on natural populations of this rare resources woody plant, J. chinensis in Korea are recommended.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2020

This study was done to evaluate resources distributed around the Nakdong-Jeongmaek which is the eastern ridge line of the Nakdong-river basin with 437km in length. Here we found and/or searched for thousands of resources within each of 210 villages around the ridge, which were divided into six categories including landscape, natural park, protected area, history, tourism and biodiversity. An inventory was also created using an attribute table in a shape file for identifying the spatial location and property for every resource existing in each village. Each of fields for six-typed resources has 210 records representing each village and resources within it. If a resource exists in a village, '1' is assigned for its existence in its corresponding record. Otherwise, '0' is assigned for its non-existence in the record. The number of '1' on six records for a village is meaning the number of resources contained within a village, which can be a barometer to decide the properties of each village. In this study, we found five core villages containing all kind of resources in it, while 52 villages were found having only a single type of resources within it. The other villages were known to have multiple resources like having two or more ones.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2021년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.411-414
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• 2021

One of the elements of technology that has become extremely critical within the field of education today is Deep learning. It has been especially used in the area of natural language processing, with some word-representation vectors playing a critical role. However, some of the low-resource languages, such as Swahili, which is spoken in East and Central Africa, do not fall into this category. Natural Language Processing is a field of artificial intelligence where systems and computational algorithms are built that can automatically understand, analyze, manipulate, and potentially generate human language. After coming to discover that some African languages fail to have a proper representation within language processing, even going so far as to describe them as lower resource languages because of inadequate data for NLP, we decided to study the Swahili language. As it stands currently, language modeling using neural networks requires adequate data to guarantee quality word representation, which is important for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Most African languages have no data for such processing. The main aim of this project is to recognize and focus on the classification of words in English, Swahili, and Korean with a particular emphasis on the low-resource Swahili language. Finally, we are going to create our own dataset and reprocess the data using Python Script, formulate the syllabic alphabet, and finally develop an English, Swahili, and Korean word analogy dataset.

• BMB Reports
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• 제47권9호
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• pp.494-499
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• 2014

NADH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is known to be involved in the regulation of energy synthesis and metabolism, and the functional studies of NQO1 have largely focused on metabolic disorders. Here, we show for the first time that compared to NQO1-WT mice, NQO1-KO mice exhibited a marked increase of permeability and spontaneous inflammation in the gut. In the DSS-induced colitis model, NQO1-KO mice showed more severe inflammatory responses than NQO1-WT mice. Interestingly, the transcript levels of claudin and occludin, the major tight junction molecules of gut epithelial cells, were significantly decreased in NQO1-KO mice. The colons of NQO1-KO mice also showed high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, which are known to affect transcriptional regulation. Taken together, these novel findings indicate that NQO1 contributes to the barrier function of gut epithelial cells by regulating the transcription of tight junction molecules.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 보다 현실적인 파쇄균열 전파를 묘사하기 위해 수압파쇄균열 전파 모델을 개발하였다. 이 모델에서는 두 가지 균열 전파 기준을 적용하였다. 첫 번째는 균열의 발생각을 결정하기 위한 최대 접선응력 기준과 두 번째는 파쇄균열의 자연균열 통과 여부 기준이다. 본 모델의 검증 결과, 수압파쇄균열이 자연균열을 통과하는 양상이 실험값과 동일함을 확인하였다. 균열의 전파에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 요소인 최대수평응력 방향, 균열면의 마찰계수, 자연균열의 방향성에 대한 민감도 분석 결과, 이론적 기준에 적합하게 균열의 전파 방향과 통과 여부가 결정되는 것으로 나타났다. 기존의 수직 판형 균열 전파 모델과 본 모델을 비교하여 균열의 연결성과 유정 자극부피 측면에서 차이가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2005

Energy resource is very important to the survival in the polar region. Wind energy, which is one of renewable energy, can guarantee the clean, inexhaustible, natural resource in the polar region. It is essential to assess the wind energy resource of the site where wind turbines will be installed. In the present study, the wind characteristics of the antarctic King Sejong station are analysed from its meteorological observation data. The wind resource of the Sejong station is also simulated and predicted using WAsP program. From the results, the Sejong station has very excellent wind resource and the site where small wind turbines will be installed is determined.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제38권
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• pp.303-325
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• 2008

China's "Foreign Trade law" 16.4 revised in 2004 like "Foreign Trade law" 16.2 in 1994 is still stipulated resource restriction to protect domestic resources and it does not satisfy the introduction of article 20 and section (g) of GATT 1994. Through an interpretation of related regulations and China-EU cokes dispute, the paper points out that China's "Foreign Trade law" 16.4 has no validity of the introduction of article 20 and section (g) of GATT 1994. Comparing China's "Foreign Trade law" 16.4 to GATT 1994 20(g), China's "Foreign Trade law" 16.4 does not include important conditions of GATT 1994 20 introduction such as not being arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination and disguised restriction on international trade. For example, based upon China's "Foreign Trade law" , if she restricts or prohibits important natural resources that Korea mainly relies on China, it will effects not only trade between two countries but also our lives and securities. Hence, it is highly time to analyze China's the Validity of the China's Resource Export-Quota Restrictive Measures under the GATT/WTO. In the process of resolving China-EU cokes dispute in 2004, ministry of Commerce of China shows well its characteristics of dispute settlement and also we can find out EU's logical countermeasures. Therefore, because of the high possibility of disputes between Korea and China in the area of natural resources, Korea needs to pay attention to the China's resource protecting policies, and if it violates GATT 1994 20 introduction and (g), we should consider to sue China to WTO. The paper believes that it will play an important role as an aggressive demand and effect on amendment of China's "Foreign Trade law" in the long term.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.843-849
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• 2002

According to tourism resources in Kyonggi province, tourist behavior was dramatically different in that tourists utilizing natural resources were mainly interested in static tourism activities and sight seeing activities while tourist using socio-cultural resources preferred with dynamic tourism activities and relaxation tourism. Therefore, the objectives of reconstruction should be adjusted depending on types of tourism resources (i.e. natural and socio-cultural resources) or natural intensity as well as the development goal of recreational tourism. In contrast, historic and cultural resources surrounded with natural resources showed higher revisit rate, and was conceived as better touring site than individual resource because of historical people, traditional custom, natural sight seeing, etc. Therefore, it is believed that proper utilization of natural resources will increase revisit rate and create new conception as a famous touring site.