• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2011

As interests towards health rapidly increase recently, interests and demand for hospital interior space are increasing as well. Therefore, most of today's hospitals that have been functionally designed are transforming into healing environments that consider psychological aspects, in order to assist patients forget about fear, desperation and have peace of mind. With such creation method of healing environment, natural elements can be applied to spaces in order to allow patients feel vitality, hope and adapt positive thinking, and these can eventually lead to affluent fusion of humans, nature and space. Through case analyses of how natural elements are applied to hospital's interior space, this study understands its characteristics. According to the findings, nature is largely classified into light, water, plant, stone/soil, and its application methods can be classified into center, transition, continuity, division, opening and closure. As evident from case analyses, application of natural elements to hospital's interior space promotes exchanges among patients through community formation, and achieves the effect of spatial concentration and public place. Also, ambiguity of exterior and interior boundary creates a sense of expansion and continuous effect, and can also provide a healing environment that can fully absorb natural environment open to patients. This study aims to be of service when designing hospital's interior space, with its natural element application method for healing environment research, and wishes for continuous studies on healing environments with more diverse methods.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.25-56
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• 2006

2006년부터 5년 계획으로 시작한 제3차 전국자연환경조사를 비롯한 우리나라 자연 환경조사의 실태와 일본, 독일, 미국, 영국의 자연환경조사체계를 비교 검토하였다. 국내 여건을 토대로 선진 외국과 우리나라 조사체계를 비교 검토한 결과, 생물종 중심의 자연환경조사에서 벗어나 서식지, 생태계 및 생태권역에 대한 조사를 실시하고, 나아가 위성영상이나 항공사진을 이용하여 토지자원의 공간분포를 주기적으로 파악하여야 할 것이다. 특히 위성영상은 생물종, 서식지, 생태계 조사를 위한 기초 자료로 활용하여야 한다. 조사내용 확대 및 다양한 정보수집을 위해 다방면의 전문인력을 확보하고, 지역주민의 자연환경 보전의식을 고취시키기 위해 자원봉사자의 참여를 유도해야 할 것이다. 전국에 걸친 생물종 및 생태계 조사, 데이터베이스 구축은 물론 자료의 분석 가공을 통해 자연환경정책 수립이나 생물다양성 국제협약에 대처하기 위해서는 독립된 전문조사기관의 설립이 필요하다. 전문조사기관의 설립을 통해서 물리적인 서식환경을 포함한 다양한 분야의 자연환경조사를 체계적으로 수행하고 생물다양성에 대한 종합적인 현황파악과 변화예측을 통해 보다 신속 정확한 자연환경 정보를 생성할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제25권2_spc호
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• pp.16-27
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• 2020

Nitrate contamination has received much attention at local as well as regional scales. The domestic situation is not out of exception, and it has been reported to be very serious, particularly within agricultural areas as a result of excessive usage of nitrogen fertilizers. Meanwhile, nitrate can be naturally attenuated by denitrification in subsurface environments. The denitrification occurs through biotic (biological) and abiotic processes, and numerous previous studies preferentially focused the former. However, abiotic denitrification seems to be significant in specific environments. For this reason, this study reviewed the previous studies that focused on abiotic denitrification processes. Firstly, the current status of nitrate contamination in global and domestic scales is presented, and then the effect of geological media on denitrification is discussed while emphasizing the significance of abiotic processes. Finally, the implications of the literature review are presented, along with future research directions that warrant further investigations. The results of previous studies demonstrated that several geological agents could play a vital role in reducing nitrate. Iron-containing minerals such as pyrite, green rust, magnetite, and dissolved ferrous ion are known to be powerful electron donors triggering denitrification. In particular, it was proven that the rate of denitrification by green rust was comparative to that of biological denitrification. The results indicate that abiotic denitrification should be taken into account for more accurate evaluation of denitrification in subsurface environments.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2021

In order to evaluate the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM), as indicators of organic matter in the coastal environments, we measured the concentrations of DOC, FDOM, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in saline groundwater (Woljeong, Pyoseon, and Hwasun beaches) and coastal seawater (Haengwon, Gwideok, Pyoseon, and Yeongnak) in Jeju, Korea. The highest concentrations of DOC and COD in groundwater were found in Woljeong and Pyoseon, and those in coastal water were observed in Haengwon and Pyoseon, indicating that the higher concentrations of DOC and COD seem to be associated with saline groundwater-driven dissolved organic matter (DOM) and/or biogeochemical processes. According to origin and optical properties of DOM using FDOM as a tracer, proportion of humic-like FDOM, more refractory DOM, was relatively greater in the groundwater than in the coastal water. With regard to this result, there was no relationship between DOC and COD in groundwater, while DOC showed a good positive correlation (r² = 0.66) with COD in coastal water. This result indicates that COD as an indicator of assessment of DOM has a limitation in which it is difficult to quantify refractory DOM. Although DOC is a potential alternative to COD in the coastal environments, particulate organic carbon cannot be negligible due to relatively higher concentration compared to the open ocean. Therefore, the use of total organic carbon (TOC) as a replacement of COD in the coastal ocean is important, and the evaluation criterion of the TOC is necessary in order to evaluate of organic matter indicator in the various coastal environments.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• 제1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

Now that importance of landscape planning unique to each area is emphasized, it is necessary to conduct landscape planning by taking advantage of natural environments unique to each ares, because its natural environments are regarded as one of the assets the area possesses. This study targets at Kawachinagano City, Osaka, one of the residential areas that I not only rich in natural and historical elements, but also has been rapidly growing. The purposes of this study are to evaluate change in landscape structure over time by analyzing relation between landform and pattern of expanding the built-up area at three time points of 1932, 1967, and 1994 with GIS (ARC/INFO 7.0.3, ARC/View 3.0 (ESRI)), as well as to make some suggestions for planning landscape unique to the area. Data on main ridges, sub ridges, main rivers, and other landform were read from the elevation map, and data on woodland, and parks and open spaces (having more than 3 ha area) were read from the existing land use map. The data were used to understand the natural structure of the city from topographic viewpoint. Next, the existing land use map prepared with data on the built-up area and urban axes consisting of roads and streets were overlaid on the elevation map in order to understand relation between pattern of expanding the built-up area and the natural structure.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.454-460
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• 1989

자연계로부터 분리한 Gram 음성세균과 함께 유전자 조작기법으로 kanamycin (Km)과 chloramphenicol (Cm)에 대한 내성유전자를 재조합한 균주들에서 그 내성유전자의 전이율을 conjugation 방법으로 몇 가지 상이한 수질환경에서 비교 연구하였다. 자연계로부터 분리한 DK1 균주와 재조합한 DKC601이나 DKH103을 donor로 하고 recipient 및 기타 조건을 같게 했을 때, donor가 가지고 있던 Km$^{${\gamma}$}$ 유전자의 전이율은 자연환경의 하천수에서 보다 실험실 환경의 멸균한 하폐수에서 더 높았고, 실험실 환경에서는 멸균한 하폐수보다 Luria-Bertani (LB) 액체배지에서 휠씬 높았다. 온도를 2$0^{\circ}C$와 3$0^{\circ}C$로 했을 때에는 어느 종류의 균주를 donor로 사용하더라도 전이율에는 큰 차이가 없었으나, 전이가 일어나는 시간은 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 조금 빨랐다. 하천수의 자연환경에서나 실험실이 멸균하폐수에서는 항생제내성유전자의 전이율은 두 가지 종류의 균주 사이에 차이가 거의 없거나 재조합된 균주에서 $10^{-1}$ 정도로 낮다. 그러나 실험실 환경의 LB액체배지에서는 전이가 일어나는데 필요한 반응시간이 재조합된 균주에서 더 길 뿐만 아니라, 전이율에 있어서도 $10^{-3}$ - $10^{-4}$ 정도 낮았다. 그리고 MT1 균주를 recipient로 하고 재조합된 균주인 DKC601과 DKH103을 donor 로 했을 경우에는 donor에 따라 전이율의 차이가 없었으나, DKC601을 donor로 하고 MT1과 MT2을 각각 recipient로 했을 경우에는 recipient에 따라 전이율이 $10^{1}$ - $10^{2}$ 정도 차이가 났다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.814-836
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• 2021

Wildlife ecologists and biologists recapture deer to collect tracking data from deer collars or wait for a drop-off of a deer collar construction that is automatically detached and disconnected. The research teams need to manage a base camp with medical trailers, helicopters, and airplanes to capture deer or wait for several months until the deer collar drops off of the deer's neck. We propose an intelligent robust base-station research with a low-cost and time saving method to obtain recording sensor data from their collars to a listener node, and readings are obtained without opening the weatherproof deer collar. We successfully designed the and implemented a robust base station system for automatically collecting data of the collars and listener motes in harsh wilderness environments. Intelligent solutions were also analyzed for improved data collections and pattern predictions with drone-based detection and tracking algorithms.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제67호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a method for source localization in reverberant environments based on an adaptive eigenvalue decomposition (AED) algorithm which directly estimates channel impulse responses from a speaker to microphones. Unfortunately, the AED algorithm may suffer from whitening effects on channels estimated from temporally correlated natural sounds. The proposed method which applies sparse priors to the estimated channels can avoid the temporal whitening and improve the performance of source localization in reverberant environments. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.347-362
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• 2020

수환경 내 철 (수산)산화물은 주로 광산 활동에 의해 생성되며 주변 환경을 교란시키는 대표적인 교질물이다. 철 (수산)산화물들 중 지표에 많이 분포하고 있는 적철석은 수환경 내 다양한 환경인자들로 인해 거동 특성이 변한다. 본 연구는 배경용액의 이온 조성과 세기, pH, 자연 유기물 등의 환경적 인자가 교질상 적철석의 거동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 수행되었다. 특히, 적철석 교질물 입자들의 거동특성을 보다 더 명확하게 해석하고자 동적광산란분석기(dynamic light scatterer, DLS)와 단일입자 유도결합플라즈마질량분석기(single particle ICP-MS, spICP-MS)를 비교하여 분석을 수행하였다. 배경용액의 이온 조성과 세기가 변함에 따라 적철석 입자의 표면 확산이중층의 두께가 변화될 뿐만 아니라, 입자에 미치는 정전기적 힘과 van der Walls의 합력이 변하면서 입자의 응집/분산 특성이 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수환경의 pH가 적철석 입자의 영전하점(point of zero charge, PZC)에서 멀어질수록 정전기적 반발력이 커져 입자들이 분산되는 것을 확인하였다. 수환경 내 자연 유기물이 적철석의 표면을 코팅함에 따라서 자연 유기물 표면에 존재하는 카르복실기와 페놀기 등과 같은 작용기들로 인하여 적철석 입자의 정전기적 안정화와 구조적 안정화가 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 안정화 효과는 자연 유기물의 농도가 작을수록 증가하지만, 상대적으로 이온포텐셜이 큰 2가 양이온이 1가 양이온보다 자연 유기물로 코팅된 적철석 입자들 사이에서 더 큰 가교역할을 하기 때문에 자연 유기물로 코팅된 적철석 입자들의 안정화(분산)를 방해하는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로, 수환경 내 교질상 적철석의 거동 특성은 이온의 조성과 세기, pH, 그리고 자연 유기물 등과 같은 환경적 인자들에 많은 영향을 받는 것을 정량적으로 확인할 수 있었는데, 그 중 자연 유기물은 수환경에서 교질물의 거동에 매우 지배적이고 주요한 제어인자임을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 적철석 입자의 거동 특성을 정량화할 수 있는 두 분석기법을 비교한 결과, DLS 분석기법은 신속성 및 편의성에서 강점을 지니는 반면 spICP-MS의 분석기법은 입자의 모양 및 응집 형태 등을 고려할 수 있는 장점이 있기 때문에 두 분석기법을 조합하여 활용하면 수환경 내 교질물의 거동 특성을 연구하는데 보다 더 효과적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop the creative play environments for children. Physical environment is very important for play of child. Play activities of chad depends on materials and resources of physical environment around housing. To achieve the purpose of the study, following research questions are performed: 1) to investigating the play environments and its maintainence in Daejon 2) examining and analyzing the contents, safety, and functions of the playgrounds selected based on above findings 3) suggesting the creating play environments for child. Eighteen playground were selected and evaluated objectively by trainned personnel; the subjects(55children and 39adults) who used the playgrounds evaluated the playground subjectively. The results were as fellows: 1) Playgrounds selected in this study were conventional playgrounds, in which child can only do simple physical activities. The playground has installed fixed equipment in a row, in an effort to utilize whatever space available. However, such places are neither developmentally or economically sound. 2) The playgrounds evaluated in this study were very poor in matter of content, safety, and functions. The playgrounds lacks play materials, equipment, national features, storage, and do not follow national safety guidelines and standards. 3) The playground should offer much wider variety of natural material- textures including grass, dirt, stone, brick, plastic, metal, bark, leaves, sand, water, and a larger variety of plants, gardens, natural areas, and animals.