• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.227-230
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• 2009

This study was aimed to determine color sensibility factors for naturally dyed fabrics and to investigate their relationship with color variables such as hue and tone and dyes. Two hundreds different fabric colors prepared by a variety of natural dyeing were subjectively evaluated by color experts, which resulted in three color sensibility factors including 'Pleasant', 'Comfort', and 'Modem'. Among hues, Yellowish shade by natural dyeing was found as more pleasant and more comfort than any others. Among main tones for natural dyeing, g(grayish) and ltg(light grayish) were more felt in 'Comfort' whereas d(dull) more in 'Pleasant'. As for dyes, Gardenia Blue, Gardenia Yellow, and Anato tended to give feelings of 'Pleasant' whereas Raw Indigo and Loess did 'Comfort'.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.315-322
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of natural colors extracted from yellow natural dyes(Tumeric, Amur Cork Tree and Onion Shell). The water and the methanol extracts of Tumeric and Amur Cork Tree significally decreased the growth of E. coli in vitro and the methanol extract of Tumeric exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect among the samples. Silk and nylon fabrics dyed with water and methanol extracts of the yellow natural dyes showed antimicrobial activities against E. coli and Staph aureus in the Bioassay Test. Nylon fabric dyed with methanol extracts of them showed strong antibacterial effect on E. coli compared with that of water extracts. However, slik fabrics dyed with the extracts could not reduce the growth of E. coli. Silk or nylon fabrics dyed with methanol or water extracts of yellow natural dyes showed antimicrobial activities against Staph aureus. The antimicrobial activity of the fabrics dyed with methanol extracts from Tumeric, Amur Cork Tree and Onion Shell was stronger than that of water extracts, especially, the fabrics dyed with Tumeric extract showed the highest antibacterial property among the dyed fabrics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.590-597
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• 2013

This study examined the change in the dyeability of natural dyes on cotton fabrics by a PEI (polyethyleneimine) pretreatment instead of mordants. Cotton fabrics were treated with PEI and the changes in the dyeability were shown by measuring the amount of PEI on cotton fabrics. Samples treated with PEI were dyed with two natural polychromatic dyes with a different affinity to cotton fibers: Alizarin Red S and Curcumin. The changes in dyeability by three variables (time, temperature and concentration of dyes) on cotton fabrics were analyzed by the K/S value to define optimum dyeing conditions. Subsequently, the PEI treatment improved the dyeability of cotton fabrics with both dyes of low and high affinity to cotton fibers. Thus, PEI could be a suitable heavy metal mordant replacement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.866-880
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• 2021

This study aimed to ex situ colorize laccase-entrapped bacterial cellulose (BC) with natural phenolic dyes, namely,madder, turmeric, and cochineal, and to determine the effect of laccase entrapment on the dyeability of BC using color strength (K/S) analysis. Results showed that laccase entrapment improved the dyeability of BC and that pre-entrapment was the most effective method, compared with meta-entrapment and post-entrapment methods. In addition, surface characterizations confirmed the successful entrapment of laccase inside the BC nanostructure and retention of the cellulosic and crystalline structures of BC. The washing durability test confirmed that the K/S value of BC had improved after laccase entrapment. Furthermore, laccase-entrapped BC colorized with cochineal dye had the highest washing durability due to the high molecular weight of cochineal dyerelative to the other dyes. This study suggests a novel method for enhancing the dyeability and washing durability of BC colorized ex situ with natural phenolic dyes by laccase entrapment.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2009

As waste-water disposal plants and oxidative biodegradation for the removal of waste polyaromatic dyes are proved to be ineffective due to the chemical stability of dyes, we studied various strains of mushroom fungi for the removal of these dyes. 100 fungi were isolated from the mushroom samples of 230 species collected in Korea. The growth medium containing a dye (Bromophenol Blue, Congo Red, or Methylene Blue) was inoculated to 10% and incubated for 7 days without shaking. The six strains which removed dyes effectively were selected for further studies with respect to removal of polycyclic aromatic dyes. For all strains, the rate of decoloration of dyes was increasing with Methylene Blue, Bromophenol Blue and Congo Red. The rate of decoloration was higher with stationary culture than with shaking culture. Adsorption of the dyes was the highest with Congo Red.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.9
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• pp.68-80
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is, as a prior stage to produce manufactured medical goods, to examine literature on the medicinal efficacy of natural dyes that can be used to produce medical goods, and to experiment the possibility of dyeing of some medicinal ingredients that have not been used as natural dyes until now. For this study, 44 types of medicinal ingredients such as Gyomaekchil(buckwheat), Nohoiyeob(aloe), Pogongyounng(dandelion), and Jibooja(broom cypress) were used. First, they were classified by a thermal sensation such as hot, warm, neutral, cool, and cold feeling, and by their characteristics of complex tastes such as sweet, sour, bitter, salty, pungent, astringent, and flat tastes. And then they were dyed with two types of mordant, resulting to a total of 132 types of dyed cloths. The 132 dyed cloths could be classified as five types of colors: 89 types(67.42%) of yellow series, 25 types(18.94%) of yellow-red series, 6 types(4.55%) of green-yellow series, 6 types(4.55%) of purple series, and 6 types(4.55%) of purple-blue series. The results of this study found that there were various medicinal ingredients that had efficacy to cure skin disorders and also could be used as natural dyes.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2004

Natural dyeing means coloring with dyes extracted from plants, minerals or animals found in nature. Natural dyeing provides calm and natural colors; it has antibacterial and deodorizing qualities; and the dyeing process is environmentally friendly. This study extracted natural dyes from young fruit by thinning out the superfluous fruits of Naju pear trees, and then examined its dyeing properties, the optimal dyeing conditions, and its color fastness for practical use. The results indicated that dyeing is ideal when it had Cu mordant treatment (5% concentration at 9$0^{\circ}C$, pH 4) for 50 min. The color fastness of natural dyes with Cu mordant treatment was very excellent after rubbing and dry cleaning, and also good after exposure to perspiration, light and washing.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.280-287
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• 2000

For thousands of years, dyes were obtained from natural sources, such as plants and animals. Although synthetic dyes have replaced many natural dyes for commercial use but natural dyes with their fascinating color are still used extensively by some people. To investigate the dyeing properties of chestnut bur, which is most widely found in our country, some experiments were performed under the several dyeing conditions with silk and cotton fabrics. It was found that $\lambda_{max}$ of chestnut but extract was 410nm and the color of the fabric dyed is Yellow Red. The K/S value of silk and cotton fabrics increased when the dyeing temperature was higher than $60^\circ{C}$ and the dyeing time was more than 30 minutes. Optimal dyeing pH was between 5 and 6, and repetition of dyeing increased K/S value of the sample fabrics. K/S value of silk fabric dyed with chestnut bur extract was higher than that of cotton. Post-mordanting method showed higher color yield compared with pre-mordanting, and higher temperature and increased time in mordanting increased the dye-uptake.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.489-494
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• 2013

An improved method for the preparation of monomethine cyanine dyes with quinoline nucleus by one-pot three-component using 1-methyl-2-quinolinethione, quaternized 2- or 4-methylheterocyclic compounds and methyl p-toluenesulfonate as starting materials was described. Compared with the traditional methods, the new synthetic method reduced the reaction steps, shortened the reaction time, avoided the separation and purification of the intermediate and reduced cost. The dyes absorbed in the region 478.0-563.0 nm and had molar extinction coefficients of $1.3{\times}10^4-9.4 {\times}10^4L\;mol^{-1}\;cm^{-1}$. Their fluorescence maxima and Stokes shifts were in the range of 525.2-594.4 nm and 16.2-80.6 nm in different solvents, respectively. From the spectral properties of the dyes in different solvents, it could be found that the ${\lambda}_{max}$ of the dyes were shorter in protonic solvents, and showed hypsochromic shifts with the increase of polarity of the solvents.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.556-560
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• 2009

Aggregation behavior of three kinds of benzindocarbocyanine dyes in aqueous methanol solution was studied by UV-Vis absorption spectrum. The results indicated that the three dyes all existed monomer-dimer equilibrium in aqueous methanol solution (concentration range $10^{−5}\;to\;10^{−6}$ M) at 25.0$\sim$41.0 ${^{\circ}C}$ for Dye 1, 28.0$\sim$49.0 ${^{\circ}C}$ for Dye 2 and 26.0$\sim$47.0 ${^{\circ}C}$ for Dye 3. The fundamental property of the three dyes as the dimeric association constant KD, the dimeric free energy ${\Delta$}G_D, the dimeric entropy ${\Delta$}S_D, and the dimeric enthalpy ${\Delta$}H_D were determined. The ${\Delta$}H_D of three dyes: Dye 1, Dye 2 and Dye 3 was -42.5, -15.1 and -18.9 kJ/mol, respectively. The experimental observations were the subject of a theoretical study including the ground-state geometries which were fully optimized using DFT at B3LYP/6-31G level. The effect of dye molecule structure on ${\Delta$}H_D was discussed by theoretical calculations.