• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 2011

Congenital or traumatic loss on the oral and maxillary area or the loss of jaws due to the surgical excision of a tumor causes functional problems, such as masticatory and swallowing disorders, phonetic problems and psychological disorders in patients. In most cases, a prosthetic restoration is needed to resolve these problems and restore the damaged tissue and function. When loss occurs on the maxilla, foods and liquids leak into the nasal cavity, and a nasal sound can be heard due to air leakage into the removed area. In these cases, the palatal obturator can be used to improve the esthetic and functional aspects because it restores the removed area of the maxilla and closes the opened route between the oral cavity and maxillary sinus or nasal cavity. In this case report, a palatal obturator was applied to patients who had a hemimaxillectomy due to the occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma on the right maxillary area. Therefore, fundamental functions, such as phonetic and swallowing functions were restored, and the esthetic aspects of the facial profile were improved.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.635-644
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• 2019

Background: To increase the pharmacological effects of red ginseng (RG, the steamed root of Panax ginseng Meyer), RG products modified by heat process or fermentation have been developed. However, the antiallergic effects of RG and modified/fermented RG have not been simultaneously examined. Therefore, we examined the allergic rhinitis (AR)-inhibitory effects of water-extracted RG (wRG), 50% ethanol-extracted RG (eRG), and bifidobacteria-fermented eRG (fRG) in vivo. Methods: RBL-2H3 cells were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate/A23187. Mice with AR were prepared by treatment with ovalbumin. Allergic markers IgE, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-5 were assayed in the blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, nasal mucosa, and colon using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mast cells, eosinophils, and Th2 cell populations were assayed using a flow cytometer. Results: RG products potently inhibited IL-4 expression in phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate/A23187-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Of tested RG products, fRG most potently inhibited IL-4 expression. RG products also alleviated ovalbumin-induced AR in mice. Of these, fRG most potently reduced nasal allergy symptoms and blood IgE levels. fRG treatment also reduced IL-4 and IL-5 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, nasal mucosa, and reduced mast cells, eosinophils, and Th2 cell populations. Furthermore, treatment with fRG reduced IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels in the colon and restored ovalbumin-suppressed Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria populations and ovalbumin-induced Firmicutes population in gut microbiota. Treatment with ginsenoside Rd significantly alleviated ovalbumin-induced AR in mice. Conclusion: fRG and ginsenoside Rd may alleviate AR by suppressing IgE, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 expression and restoring the composition of gut microbiota.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2020

Maxillectomy is performed to remove the tumor in the palate, maxillary sinus, buccal mucosa or nasal cavity. The resection range depends on the size and the extent of the tumor and it affects speech production or cause nasal regurgitation during feeding. Obturator can occlude an opening such as an oro-nasal fistula and protect the defect area. Successful reconstrucion of the patient's oral cavity who have gone over the maxillectomy is a difficult task. The condition and number of teeth, the remaining support area, and the extent of the defect area have a great influence on manufacturing the obturator. If these factors are disadvantageous, the prognosis of the prosthesis is uncertain. The final obturator must have a sufficient retention in the patient's oral cavity and must not irritate the surrounding tissue and support area where the resection was performed.In this case, a 55 year old female went through the maxillectomy and the only 3 teeth remained. And the retention of the maxillary prosthesis seems to be poor. So that, we fabricated the closed hollow obturator which has reduced weight compared to the conventional obturator. Consequently the closed hollow obturator can give better sealing and the adaptation.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.118-124
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• 2007

[ $\underline{Purpose}$ ]: This study was to evaluate the survival and pattern of failure after radiation therapy of sino-nasal cancer using partial attenuation filer and wedged beams and to help radiotherapy planning of sino-nasal cancer. $\underline{Materials\;and\;Methods}$: Between February 1992 and March 2003, 17 patients with sino-nasal cancers underwent radiation therapy using partial attenuation filter at Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung university. There were 9 male and 8 female patients. Patients' age ranged from 40 to 75 years (median 59 years). There were 10 patients of maxillary sinus cancer, 7 patiens of nasal cancer. The histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma in 11, adenoid cystic carcinoma in 4 and olfactory neuroblastoma in 2. The distribution of clinical stage by the AJCC system was 3 for stage II, 7 for III and 6 for IV. The five patients were treated with radiation alone and 12 patients were treated with surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. The range of total radiation dose delivered to the primary tumor was from 44 to 76 Gy (median 60 Gy). The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 173 months with median of 78 months. $\underline{Results}$: The overall 2 year survival rate and disease free survival rate was 76.4%. The 5 year and 10 year survival rate were 76.4% and 45.6% and the 5 year and 10 year disease free survival rate was 70.6%. The 5 year disease free survival rate by treatment modality was 91.6% for postoperative radiation group and 20% for radiation alone group, statistical significance was found by treatment modality (p=0.006). There were no differences in survival by pathology and stage. There were local failure in 5 patients (29%) but no distant failure and no severe complication required surgical intervention. $\underline{Conclusion}$: Radiation therapy of sino-nasal cancer using partial attenuation filter was safe and effective. Combined modality with conservative surgery and radiation therapy was more advisable to achieve loco-regional control in sino-nasal cancer. Also we considered high precision radiation therapy with dose escalation and development of multi-modality treatment to improve local control and survival rate in advanced sino-nasal cancer.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.309-312
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• 2010

Purpose: An osteoma is one of the common benign tumors that penetrate the nasal portion, paranasal and frontal sinus. This tumor is mostly found by radiation test accidentally, however in rare cases; it can be found to be touched or with its symptoms as the tumor grows. We report this case since we found and healed the benign tumor which was affecting orbit and the both sides of fronal sinus. Methods: A 19 year old female patient visited to our hospital due to the mass on her forehead. The symptoms began 3 years ago but no special symptom was found except for touchable mass. She was diagnosed as the osteoma of superior orbital parts and both sides of frontal sinus using X-ray and CT scanning. The size of osteoma was $5{\times}2.5{\times}3.5\;cm$ and indicated the patterns penetrated to the right side of orbital region. The osteoma excision was conducted with coronal incision and wide area of defect part in frontal sinus and superior orbital part were reconstructed by cranial bone graft and resorbable fixation plates. Results: The patient recovered without any postoperative infections or complications and symptoms. Dysaesthesia was found on her frontal area but improved in 1 month after the surgery. Conclusion: The occurrences of osteoma in frontal sinus are rare and can be treated with conservative methods if there are no infections and symptoms. We report this case since we found the benign tumor, which was affecting orbit and the both sides of fronal sinus and healed it with coronal resectomy without any complications.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2005

Background and Objectives: Minor salivary gland tumors vary in their primary sites, histopathology and biological behavior. Therefore, various factors are considered in selecting the treatment modality and predicting the prognosis. We performed this study for the purpose of getting further understanding and more supporting ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of minor salivary gland tumor. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the patients with 52 cases of minor salivary gland tumor who were treated at the Hanyang University Hospital from 1996 to 2003 was performed. We analyzed demography, symptoms, histopathology, treatment and outcomes by the review of medical records. Results: Among 52 cases of minor salivary gland tumor, 46% were classified as benign and 54% were classified as malignant tumors. The most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma. Adenoid cystic carcinoma(15/28) was the most common in malignant tumors. Eight patients were males and sixteen patients were females in benign tumors and 10 patients were males and 18 patients were females in malignant tumors. The most common site of benign tumor was the palate(17/22), whereas malignant tumors were most common in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus(9/28). Asymptomatic mass was the most common symptom. According to the criteria given by the AJCC on staging, stage III and IV(21/28) were more common than stage I and 11(7/28). All benign tumors were treated with simple excision and had no recurrence. In malignant tumors, 25 patients underwent radical excisional operation and 13 patients of them had postoperative radiation therapy. Three of them were treated with additional chemotherapy. In whom treated with radical operation, 9 patients had recurrence. Three were recurred at the primary site with neck node metastasis, 3 were recurred at the primary site with lung metastasis, 1 was recurred at the primary site with neck node and lung metastasis, 1 was recurred only at neck node. Conclusion: In minor salivary gland tumor, malignant was more common than benign. Malignant tumor originated from minor salivary gland were more frequently diagnosed at advanced stage with high recurrence rate and distant metastasis. Early detection of the disease is needed to improve the prognosis of the patients with malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1994

Minor salivary gland tumors vary in their primary sites, histopathology and bilogical behavior. Therefore various factors are considered in selecting the treatment modality and predicting the prognosis. The prognosis of milignant tumors of minor salivary glands are worse than that of such lesions of major salivary glands. Authors experienced 26 cases of minor salivary gland tumors(10 benign tumors and 16 malignant tumors) during the past 7 years and analyzed their clinical characteristics. 1) The palate was the most common site of origin of minor salivary gland tumors (38.5%). 2) The most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma and majority of them occur red in the palate(60.0%) and the remaining occured in the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses (30.0%), and the lip ( 10.0%). 3) In the case of malignant tumors the most frequent sites were the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses (31.3%) with the following histopathologic frequencies: adenoid cystic carcinoma(56.3%), malignant pleomorphic adenoma(12.5%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma(12.5%), polymorphic adenocarcinoma (12.5%), epthelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (6.25%). 4) Minor salivary gland tumors have high probability of malignancy and tumor extension is important to their treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.72 no.2
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• pp.169-172
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• 2012

Melanoma can occur as a metastasis within subcutaneous tissue, lymph nodes, or viscera without a detectable primary tumor. Among patients with metastatic melanoma of unknown primary lesion, those with endobronchial metastasis are exceedingly rare. Herein we report a case of an endobronchial and pulmonary metastasis in a patient with melanoma originating from an unknown primary site. The patient without a previous history of melanoma presented with blood-tinged sputum. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed a black polypoid tumor obstructing the posterior basal segmental bronchus of the right lower lobe. A final diagnosis of the malignant melanoma was made based on an immunohistochemical study of the bronchoscopic biopsy specimen. Skin, ophthalmic, oral, and nasal examinations failed to identify occult primary lesions. Subsequent evaluation including positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans did not uncover any abnormalities other than the metastatic pulmonary melanoma. We also describe the characteristic bronchoscopic features of melanoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.139-148
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• 1984

The CT findings of 46 cases of nasopharyngeal cancer were analyzed and compared with clinical tumor staging. They are composed of 28 cases $(61\%)$ of squamous cell carcinoma, 13cases $(28\%)$ of undifferentiated carcinoma, 4 cases $(9\%)$of lymphoma and 1 case $(2\%)$ of adenoid cystic carcinoma. The results were as follows : 1. The most common CT findings of nasopharyngeal cancers are air·way asymmetry including obliteration of Rosenmuller fossa, orifice of Eustachian tube and asymmetric obliteration of parapharyngeal fat. 2. Other involved anatomic sites are carotid sheath area, oropharynx, paranasal sinuses especially sphenoid sinus, cervical lymph nodes, nasal cavity and skull base or middle cranial fossa. 3. CT does significantly influence on the tumor staging of the nasopharynx cancers, but has a definite value in evaluating deep tissue invasion of the cancers especially to parapharyngeal space or carotid sheath area. 4. CT seems to be essential for staging work-up, estimating the prognosis, and assessing the effect of radiotherapy of the nasopharyngeal cancer because it clearly shows the whole extent of the tumors including deep tissue invasion.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.184-188
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• 1994

Therapeutic management of brain tumors is based on accurate knowledge of their size, location and histologic type. Stereotaxic cytology under CT guidance has been applied to the investigation of brain tumors, especially in the sellar turcica, third ventricle, and pineal regions. In the present case, the tumor protruded into the nasal cavity, so we were able to get cytologic material via fine needle aspiration. Although pituitary adenoma is not an unsual tumor, there have been few reports about its cytologic features. We present the cyotologic and histologic features of a case of pituitary adenoma with immunohistochemical study.