• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.66 no.4
• /
• pp.344-355
• /
• 2023

Chronic lower back pain is a leading cause of disability in musculoskeletal system. Degenerative disc disease is one of the main contributing factor of chronic back pain in the aging population in the world. It is postulated that sinuvertebral nerve and basivertebral nerve main mediator of the nociceptive response in degenerative disc disease as a result of neurotization of sinuvertebral and basivertebral nerve. A review in literature is done on the pathoanatomy, pathophysiology and pain generation pathway in degenerative disc disease and chronic back pain and management strategy is discussed in this review to aid understanding of sinuvertebral and basivertebral neuropathy treatment strategies.

• SUVANNABHUMI
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.107-137
• /
• 2015

This article utilizes interdisciplinary methods in order to critically review the existing research on the Mother Goddess of Champa: Po Inâ Nâgar. In the past, Po Inâ Nâgar has too often been portrayed as simply a "local adaptation of Uma, the wife of Śiva, who was abandoned by the Cham adapted by the Vietnamese in conjunction with their conquest of Champa." This reading of the Po Ina Nagar narrative can be derived from even the best scholarly works on the subject of the goddess, as well as a grand majority of the works produced during the period of French colonial scholarship. In this article, I argue that the adaption of the literary studies strategies of "close reading", "surface reading as materiality", and the "hermeneutics of suspicion", applied to Cham manuscripts and epigraphic evidence-in addition to mixed anthropological and historical methods-demonstrates that Po Inâ Nâgar is, rather, a Champa (or 'Cham') mother goddess, who has become known by many names, even as the Cham continue to re-assert that she is an indigenous Cham goddess in the context of a majority culture of Thành Mẫu worship.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.352-363
• /
• 2023

Sarcopenia is a condition in which muscle mass and strength are decreased and muscle function is impaired. It is an indicator of frailty and loss of independence in older adults. It is also associated with increased physical disability, which increases the risk of falls. As a multifactorial disease, sarcopenia is caused by a combination of factors including aging, hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies, and physical inactivity. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology of sarcopenia and identifying its different causes is critical to developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, consequences, diagnostic methods, and multidisciplinary approaches to sarcopenia.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2024

Breakthrough pain is transitory pain that occurs despite the use of opioids for background pain control. Breakthrough pain occurs in 40% to 80% of patients with cancer pain. Despite effective analgesic therapy, patients and their caregivers often feel that their pain is not sufficiently controlled. Therefore, an improved understanding of breakthrough pain and its management is essential for all physicians caring for patients with cancer. This article reviews the definition, clinical manifestations, accurate diagnostic strategies, and optimal treatment options for breakthrough pain in patients with cancer. This review focuses on the efficacy and safety of rapid-onset opioids, which are the primary rescue drugs for breakthrough pain.

• Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.16-27
• /
• 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most representative neurodegenerative diseases, has diverse neurobiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Treatment strategies targeting a single mechanism have repeated faced failures because the mechanism of neuronal cell death is very complex that is not fully understood yet. Since complex mechanisms exist to explain AD, a variety of diagnostic biomarkers for diagnosing AD are required. Moreover, standardized evaluations for comprehensive diagnosis using neuropsychological, imaging, and laboratory tools are needed. In this review, we summarize the latest clinical, neuropsychological, imaging, and laboratory evaluations to diagnose patients with AD based on our own experience in conducting a prospective study.

• Clinical Endoscopy
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2022

Video endoscopy is an important modality for the diagnosis and treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases. Most endoscopic procedures are performed as outpatient basis, sometimes requiring sedation and deeper levels of anesthesia. Moreover, advances in endoscopic techniques have allowed invasion into the third space and the performance of technically difficult procedures that require the utmost precision. Hence, formulating strategies for the discharge of patients requiring endoscopy is clinically and legally challenging. In this review, we have discussed the various criteria and scores for the discharge of patients who have undergone endoscopic procedures with and without anesthesia.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.269-278
• /
• 2024

Most cases of high blood pressure have no identifiable cause, termed essential hypertension; however, in approximately 15% of cases, hypertension occurs due to secondary causes. Primary aldosteronism (PA) and pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are representative endocrine hypertensive diseases. The differentiation of endocrine hypertension provides an opportunity to cure and prevent target organ damage. PA is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, which significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease compared to essential hypertension; thus, patients with clinical manifestations suggestive of secondary hypertension should be screened for PA. PPGL are rare but can be fatal when misdiagnosed. PPGL are the most common hereditary endocrine tumors; therefore, genetic testing using next-generation sequencing panels is recommended. Herein, we aimed to summarize the characteristic clinical symptoms of PA and PPGL and when and how diagnostic tests and treatment strategies should be performed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.166-178
• /
• 2024

Amid the worldwide increase in spinal surgery rates, a significant proportion of patients continue to experience refractory chronic pain, resulting in reduced quality of life and escalated healthcare demands. Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a clinical condition characterized by persistent or recurrent pain after one or more spinal surgeries. The diverse characteristics and stigmatizing descriptions of FBSS necessitate a reevaluation of its nomenclature to reflect its complexity more accurately. Accurate identification of the cause of FBSS is hampered by the complex nature of the syndrome and limitations of current diagnostic labels. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach that may include pharmacological treatment, physical therapy, psychological support, and interventional procedures, emphasizing realistic goal-setting and patient education. Further research is needed to increase our understanding, improve diagnostic accuracy, and develop more effective management strategies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.10
• /
• pp.541-556
• /
• 2014

study on Storytelling advertisement, this study examined its own characteristics and distinctive qualities, compared to other advertisements. For this purpose, not only previous discussions about Storytelling genre and theoretical system about its narrative are examined; but also, from actual advertisements, its classification and the distinction of their characteristics are established. According to the Storytelling advertisements, it is also examined that each impact on the field of consumer's response of sympathy, perception, and emotion; and on the process of advertising effect. Below is the results of each research. Through the comparison of Storytelling advertisement's clarification, the following was suggested: there are distinctive advertising strategies, the relationship between advertising strategies and advertisement forms, and the consideration for causing the consumer's response, depending on the advertisement form. Also, the concept of explaining how consumers perceive, in the process of advertising effect, the main concept of the drama advertisement, that is the constituents of drama genre, such as characters, plot, conflict, transition, helps achieve the deeper understanding toward advertising.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.8
• /
• pp.130-140
• /
• 2015

With the growth of media platforms and fierce competition in the media market, there have been focus on cross media storytelling, a remediation of content already proven successful to another type of medium. In particular, webtoons have emerged as being successful source media, and this study analyzes how the webtoon 's narrative is expanded and transformed in the remediation process into TV drama. The results showed that, the webtoon , which was targeted at a relatively more specific audience, objectively described stories of the life and hardships of an office worker through a contractual employee at a trading company navigating work life based on strategies of Baduk; while the TV drama version, which aims to appeal to a broader audience, strengthened popular narratives with topics of social issues such as 'hardships of the non-permanent employee', 'sexual discrimination and sexual harassment in the workplace', 'difficulties of a working mom', and 'romance between new colleagues'. In addition, in order to create dramatic enjoyment, the drama's storytelling strategy incorporated conflicts by creating confrontational relationships among good and evil characters, and added humanism and comedic effect.