• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.3 s.20
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• pp.9-22
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyse the architectural character of JE-DAMG at farm village in Ulsan. JE-DANG means the building for DONG-JE (the sacrificial rite of a village). The regions of this study are KANG-DONG MYEN, and UNG-CHON MYEN in Ulsan. The method of this study is the analysis of them after the actual field surveys of 47 JE-DANGs in these regions The survey contains the area, the height, the period of the erection, the architectural structure, the roof shape, the material, the landowner, SHIN-CHE (means a god's name and shape), DANG-SU tree and so on. Methods of the survey are the field survey, the interview of villager, the analysis of reference data and so on. Results of the study are below. JE-DANGs(buildings) of these regions had been built first in the period of Japanese occupancy and erections of them had continued until 1970's. Since then, they have been rebuilt. The primary JE-DANG is characterized by a tiled roof, a wooden post lintel, a mud-plastered wall, and a wooden door. After rebuilding, characters are a flat slab, a tiled roof, a structure of using red bricks, and the area is getting larger than the primary JE-DANG, but 1 KAN persists without variety. Most of houses in the inland area like UNG-CHON MYEN face the south, and ones in the coastal area like KANG-BONG MYEN face the east. Generally there is DANG-SU tree behind JE-DANG. That proves DANG-SU tree to be the object of the rite. The species of DANG-SU is a pine in general ,but various in UNG-CHON MYEN. In general names of the god are DONG-SHIN , DANG-SAN SHIN and SUNG-HWANG SHIN. I think that the landownership of JE-DANG should change the private ownership into the village ownership to preserve JE-DANG though most of lands of JE-DANG are private ones.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.301-306
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• 2014

A study was carried out to identify the life cycle of Adoxophyes orana (Lepidoptera: Tortrididae) that inflicts tea tree leaves in Korea and selected three ecofriendly pesticides (Common name for commercial: Essential oil, Nemacatch, and Wormstop in Korean Farmers' Market) of A. orana for pest control. A. orana appeared to follow four life cycle phases a year; each presenting varying developmental periods dependent on seasonal and environmental factors. The fecundity of A. orana female was $24.6{\pm}4.10$ for $1^{st}$, $36.7{\pm}12.77$ for$ 2^{nd}$, and $27.9{\pm}4.22$ for $3^{rd}$ phase during 2011, while it was $65.0{\pm}32.72$, $49.7{\pm}30.27$, $63.8{\pm}27.22$ for corresponding phases during 2012. The average longevity of adult A. orana was 7.72 days. The average number of eggs deposited by each female in this study group was 44.62 with an average of 2.47. In three selected ecofriendly pesticides, the mortality of A. orana on treating with the Essential oil [The essential oil of Chamaecyparis obtuse (100%)] and Nemacatch [Azadirachtin 800-900 ppm (75%)] were 36.67% and 43.33% after 3 days and were 48.30% and 56.67% after 7days, respectively. Besides, the mortality of A. orana on treating with Wormstop [Azadirachtin 500 ppm (5%) and Salannin+Liminoids (95%)] was 61.67% and 78.33% after 3 and 7 days, respectively. Therefore, the application of Wormstop was the most useful to control the diseases caused by A. orana.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2009

Schizonepeta spike (Korean name "Hyung-Gae") has been used for oriental medicinal purposes in Korea, China and Japan. In this study, twenty six "Hyung-Gae" samples were collected including nine certified Schizonepeta tenuifolia plants, and seventeen commercially marketed "Hyung-Gae" products. Chloroplast trnL-F and rDNA ITS regions of the "Hyung-Gae" samples were sequenced and used to identify whether the samples were genuine S. tenuifolia or not. As the result, the trnL-F and ITS sequences of all the "Hyung-Gae" samples were shown to be identical and it was proven that commercially available medicinal products "Hyung-Gae" are genuine S. tenuifolia. Phylogenetic tree of S. tenuifolia using the trnL-F sequences was constructed and compared with phylogenetic tree using ITS of rDNA region sequences. In these tree, S. tenuifolia was affiliated in the family Lamiaceae. It is proven that trnL-F and ITS phylogenetic trees are useful to study taxonomic position of S. tenuifolia.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.316-320
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• 2010

Leaf spot and blight disease was observed on two-year-old seedlings of Dendropanax morbifera (Korean name: Hwangchil tree) during July of 2008 in Jindo Island, Korea. Symptoms included yellow-brown to dark brown irregularly enlarged spots frequently located along the veins of leaves. The lesions were often surrounded by chlorotic haloes. Severe leaf blight and subsequent defoliation occurred when conditions favored disease outbreak. The causal organism of the disease was identified as Alternaria panax based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA. A. panax isolates induced leaf spots and blight symptoms not only on D. morbifera but also on the other members of Araliaceae tested. This is the first report of foliar blight caused by A. panax on D. morbifera.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.84-98
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• 1996

We think that we know what alopecia is. But in detail, we have nothing of alopecia areata. Many kinds of alopecia make us be confused. So, I studied the history ( name, cause, treatment etc,) of alopecia areata through the oriental and occidental medical books. As a result, the investigation of alopecia areata was led to the next conclusions 1. Synonyms of alopecia areata are Bandok(斑禿), Docbal(禿髮), Guyjidu(귀지두), Guychedu(鬼剃頭), Gyobalsun(咬髮癬). 2. Generally, the cause of alopecia areata is classified into three groups. Those are hyeolheopungjo(血虛風燥), Chichehyeoleo(氣滯血瘀), Gansinbujoc(肝腎不足). 3. The important internal uses of alopecia areata are Sineungyangjin-Dan(神應養眞丹), Soyosan plus Tonggyuhwalhyeoltang(逍遙散合通竅活血湯), Chilbomiyuom-Dan(七寶美髥丹) etc. 4. The important external uses of alopecia areata are haeaetang(海艾湯), Suncheukbackyeop(鮮側柏葉), Old ginger(老薑), Leaf of mulberry tree(桑葉) etc. 5. The kinds of Acupunture therapy are Maehwachim(梅花針), Chilsungchim(七星針), Ear acupunture(耳針) etc.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.7
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• pp.11-30
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• 2005

Historical origins of both personal names and place names in Korea are reviewed. It is shown that names of native origin have been largely replaced by those of Sino-Korean names. Some statistics are given on the basis of the 2000 census data in South Korea. A unique method of naming personal names which contain a generation marker called hangnyol is reviewed. This enables the person to figure out one's position and others in the family tree up to as many as ten generations without going consulting the book of genealogy. While this practice had a role to play in a vertically structured society where seniority is important, it is less practiced as the society is becoming more egalitarian, so that native names, not writable in Chinese characters, are on the rise. In this global age, a person is not just a member of his family or clan, s/he is also a member of the international community. The author proposes several things that should be considered in naming to fit the modern global age: euphony of names, ambiguity, possible bad connotations when Romanized, unintended homophones with comic meanings, etc.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

A chinese wood species called China Hongmu, is an excellent wood to make high quality furniture owing to attracting color, beautiful grain, and durability. Hongmu is not a tree or wood species name. The general designation in Hongmu group is a similar to one of its density, structure, color and use. Hongmu considers more than 30 hardwood species of Pterocarpus, Dalbergia, Diospyros, Millettia, and Cassia. According to the macrostructural characteristics and properties, Hongmu group can be classified into 8 groups which are Zitanmulei, Hualimulei, Heisuanzhimulei, Hongsuanzhimulei, Xiangzhimulei, Wumulei, Tiaowenwumulei and Jichimulei. In this paper, the growing areas, scientific names and identifiable characteristics of these Hongmu group species were introduced for help to identify China Hongmu and its products in the market as well.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

There are many trees in a roadside, parks or facilities for landscape. Although we are easily seeing a tree in around, it would be difficult to classify it and to get some information about it, such as its name, species and surroundings of the tree. To find them, you have to find the illustrated books for plants or search for them on internet. The important components of a tree are leaf, flower, bark, and so on. Generally we can classify the tree by its leaves. A leaf has the inherited features of the shape, vein, and so on. The shape is important role to decide what the tree is. And texture included in vein is also efficient feature to classify them. This paper evaluates the performance of a leaf classification system using both shape and texture features. We use Fourier descriptors for shape features, and both gray-level co-occurrence matrices and wavelets for texture features, and used combinations of such features for evaluation of images from the Flavia dataset. We compared the recognition rates and the precision-recall performances of these features. Various experiments showed that a combination of shape and texture gave better results for performance. The best came from the case of a combination of features of shape and texture with a flipped contour for a Fourier descriptor.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.37-47
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• 2024

Currently, social interest in post-cremation funerals is growing due to the establishment of cremation culture. In addition, as awareness of nature-friendly funeral methods spreads in modern times, the demand for tree burial grounds and tree groves, which are representative natural burial methods, is increasing. However, if the current method of relying on trees is used, the forest burial may damage the forest and turn it into another cemetery. The tree decoration is a funeral method that contains the temporal meaning of humans returning to the space of nature that we have, and the philosophical meaning that humans return in compliance with nature. Like this, there are quite a few concerns. Even though tree burials are not the traditional burial facilities we are familiar with, many of the facilities and operating systems adopt the standards of park cemeteries and have stricter standards and restrictions than natural burials under the law. This rigidity is intended to preserve the forest, but the reality is that it limits the expansion and operation of tree plantations. To this end, this study seeks to find specific improvement measures for sustainable tree plantation operation. To this end, we look at the types of natural fields in foreign countries and find directions for tree planting that can be effectively applied and established in accordance with the sentiments of the people. Specific improvement measures include an enshrinement method that does not rely on memorial trees, the operation of anonymous or anonymous tree planting, a change in the method of visiting and commemorating, and various mountaineering methods, thereby suggesting alternatives to sustainable tree planting in Korea. The place where tree planting is implemented is the forest, that is, the forest itself. I should be a place where the spirit of natural return, which is the essence of the deceased, can be celebrated through the forest, not a funeral facility. By doing so, it will be possible to provide the public value of the forest, that is, the social function of the forest, in the name of an eco-friendly funeral service.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.207-219
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• 2016

Aspergillus, Penicillium, and their teleomorphic genera have a worldwide distribution and large economic impacts on human life. The names of species in the genera that have been reported in Korea are listed in this study. Fourteen species of Aspergillus, 4 of Eurotium, 8 of Neosartorya, 47 of Penicillium, and 5 of Talaromyces were included in the National List of Species of Korea, Ascomycota in 2015. Based on the taxonomic system of single name nomenclature on ICN (International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants), Aspergillus and its teleomorphic genera such as Neosartorya, Eurotium, and Emericella were named as Aspergillus and Penicillium, and its teleomorphic genera such as Eupenicillium and Talaromyces were named as Penicillium (subgenera Aspergilloides, Furcatum, and Penicillium) and Talaromyces (subgenus Biverticillium) in this study. In total, 77 species were added and the revised list contains 55 spp. of Aspergillus, 82 of Penicillium, and 18 of Talaromyces.