• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.73-78
• /
• 2007

가연성 이성분계 혼합물인 n-pentanol+n-propicnic acid 및 n-pentanol+n-butyric acid 계의 하년 인화점이 상압 조건 하에서 Pensky-Martens 밀폐식 장치에 의해 측성되었다. 실험값을 라울의 법칙과 최적화 기법을 활용한 예측간과 비교하였다. A.A.D.(average absolute deviation)에서 알 수 있듯이, 최적화 기법을 활용한 예측값이 Raoult의 법칙에 의한 예측값 보다 실험값에 더욱 근사하였다.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.447-452
• /
• 2011

석유자원의 고갈이 에너지 및 화학원료물질로 재생 가능한 바이오매스의 이용성을 증가시키고 있다. 본 총설에서는 바이오에너지 및 바이오화학원료인 C4-C6 생산에 관해 논하고자 한다. 주요한 C4 물질인 n-butanol과 n-butyric acid를 다량 생산하는 미생물은 Clostridium tyrobutyricum, Clostridium beijerinckii, Clostridium acetobutylicum이다. 대표적인 C6 물질인 n-hexanoic acid는 Clostridium kluyveri와 Megasphaera elsdenii가 다량 생산한다. 미생물 발효에 의해 보고된 n-butanol, n-butyric acid, n-hexanoic acid의 최대 생산량은 각각 21, 55, 19 g/L이었다. 배양과정에서 이들 생산물의 제거는 최종산물억제의 감소로 미생물에 의한 n-butanol, n-butyric acid, n-hexanoic acid의 생산량을 증가시켰다. 특히 C6 물질인 n-hexanoic acid는 n-hexanol로 될 수 있는 고 부가가치 물질로 생물학적 생산 연구가 꾸준히 진행 중인데, 신규한 미생물인 Clostridium sp. BS1은 galactitol을 이용하여 5 g/L의 n-hexanoic acid를 생산하였다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.504-509
• /
• 1989

N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine-N,N'-di-${\alpha}$-butyric acid(dmedba)와 세자리 아미노산과의 코발트(III) 착물인 [Co(dmedba)(L-aa)] (L-aa = S-methyl-L-cysteine, L-methionine, L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid)는$ s-cis-[Co(dmedba)Cl_2]-^ 착물과 아미노산과의 반응으로부터 얻었다. 아미노산들은 [Co(dmedda)(L-dd)] 착물과 같이 아민과 카르복실그룹을 통하여 배위되었다. 이 착물들의 구조는 ^1H-NMR, IR, UV$ 스펙트럼 데이타와 원소분석으로 확인하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.70-75
• /
• 2008

The values of the AIT(Autoignition temperature) for fire and explosion protection are normally the lowest reported. The minimum autoignition temperature behavior(MAITB) of flammable liquid mixtures is exhibited when the AIT of mixture is below the AIT of the individual components. The MAITB is an interesting experimental features, which can be significant from the perspective of industrial safety. In this study, the AITs of m-xylene+n-butyric acid and ethylbenzene+n-butanol systems were measured using ASTM E659-78 apparatus. The AITs of m-xylene, n-butyric acid, ethylbenzene and n-butanol which constituted two binary systems were $587^{\circ}C$, $510^{\circ}C$, $475^{\circ}C$ and $340^{\circ}C$ respectively. The m-xylene+n-butyric acid system is exhibited MAITB at 0.3 mole fraction of m-xylene, and its minimum autoignition temperature was $460^{\circ}C$.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.76-80
• /
• 2014

The flash point is one of the most important physical properties used to determine the fire hazard of flammable liquid mixture and defined as the lowest temperature at which a liquid produces sufficient vapor to form a combustible mixture with air. The main purpose of this paper is to measure and predict the flash point of binary flammable miscible mixtures. The flash points for n-hexanol+n-butyric acid and n-butanol+propionic acid, were measured by using Seta-flash closed cup method. The experimentally derived data were correlated with the binary interaction parameters of the van Laar and NRTL equations through the optimization method. The flash points estimated by these correlations were compared with those calculated by the method based on Raoult's law. The optimization method were found to be better than the method based on the Raoult's law.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제26권11호
• /
• pp.1711-1716
• /
• 2005

Fragmentations and ion-molecule reactions of ionized cyclohexane propionic acid and cyclohexane butyric acid were studied using FTMS and theoretical calculations. The difference in bond dissociation depending on the aliphatic chain length was investigated and mechanisms for the possible rearrangements depending on the aliphatic carbon length were suggested. The most abundant fragment ion of the ionized cyclohexane propionic acid was c-$C_6H_{11}CH_2\;^+$ formed from the molecular ion by the direct C-C bond cleavage, while that of the ionized cyclohexane butyric acid was c-$C_6H_9C(OH)=OH^+$ formed by rearrangement of the molecular ion from the acid to diol form and loss of propyl radical. Stabilities of the radical and distonic ions of $C_nH_{2n}O^{+\bullet}$ formed from the molecular ion were compared. Protonated molecules were dissociated into smaller ions by losing one or two water molecules. The $[nM + H]^+$, $[nM + H - H_2O]^+$, and $[nM + H - 2H_2O]^+$ with n = 2 and 3 were generated by solvation with the neutral molecules in the ICR cell at long ion trapping time.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.248-250
• /
• 1990

Dichloro and ethylenediamine rhodium(III) complexes of a flexible $N_2O_2$-type tetradentate ligand, ethylenediamine-N,N'-di- -butyric acid(eddb), have been prepared. Both s-cis- and uns-cis geometrical isomers have been yielded in the $[Rh(eddb)Cl_2]-\;and\;[Rh(eddb)(en)]^+$ complexes. Ir, pmr, and electronic absorption spectra are used to characterize the complexes obtained in this work.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.1286-1290
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to screen yeasts effective in reducing odor from pig feces. Three isolates from soil and compost sources were selected to treat pig feces. On the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics, one isolate from compost was Candida rugosa, and two isolates from soil were Candida rugosa and Candida maris. These isolates showed deodorizing activity by reducing the concentration of ${NH}_3$ and R-${NH}_2$. Volatile fatty acids (VFA) are the specific malodorous compounds of pig feces, and the Candida maris from soil showed a 100% reduction of butyric, iso-butyric, and iso-valeric acid in 10% pig slurry medium. However, the Candida rugosa from compost showed a 100% reduction of butyric and iso-butyric acid while that from soil showed a 100% reduction of propionic, butyric acid and iso-valeric acid in the medium. Also, these yeasts were effective in reducing $NH_{4}-N$, soluble-N, and biological oxygen demand (BOD).

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 2012

생물학적 혐기발효를 이용하여 제당폐수로부터 바이오 수소가스의 생산 수율을 알아보고, 이 반응에 관여하는 미생물의 군집양상을 살펴보았다. 제당폐수 내 영양염류($N{\cdot}P$)의 공급함에 따라 수소발생량이 9.53 에서 $26.67m{\ell}$ $H_2/g$ COD로 증가하였다. 혐기발효과정에서 butyric acid, acetic acid, lacticacid, 그리고 propionic acid이 검출되었다. Butyric acid/acetic acid(B/A)비는 제당폐수에 영양염류가 공급됨에 따라 0.50에서 0.92로 증가 하였으며, B/A비가 높을수록 수소생산량이 증가하였다. 제당폐수의 발효과정에서 나타나는 미생물 군집은 Firmicutes문에는 Clostridium 속으로 나타났으며 $\gamma$-Proteobacteria 강에는 Klebsiella 속, Erwinia 속, 그리고 Eenterobacter 속이 검출되었다. 또한 수소 생성이 활성화 되면서 Erwinia 속은 위축되고 Klebsiella 속이 많아지는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.23.1-23.15
• /
• 2024

The widespread use of antimicrobials causes antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The use of butyric acid and its derivatives is an alternative tactic. This review summarizes the literature on the role of butyric acid in the body and provides further prospects for the clinical use of its derivatives and delivery methods to the animal body. Thus far, there is evidence confirming the vital role of butyric acid in the body and the effectiveness of its derivatives when used as animal medicines and growth stimulants. Butyric acid salts stimulate immunomodulatory activity by reducing microbial colonization of the intestine and suppressing inflammation. Extraintestinal effects occur against the background of hemoglobinopathy, hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, and cerebral ischemia. Butyric acid derivatives inhibit histone deacetylase. Aberrant histone deacetylase activity is associated with the development of certain types of cancer in humans. Feed additives containing butyric acid salts or tributyrin are used widely in animal husbandry. They improve the functional status of the intestine and accelerate animal growth and development. On the other hand, high concentrations of butyric acid stimulate the apoptosis of epithelial cells and disrupt the intestinal barrier function. This review highlights the biological activity and the mechanism of action of butyric acid, its salts, and esters, revealing their role in the treatment of various animal and human diseases. This paper also discussed the possibility of using butyric acid and its derivatives as surface modifiers of enterosorbents to obtain new drugs with bifunctional action.