• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.135-142
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• 1996

대나무잎(신의대)을 70% ethanol로 $80\pm2^{\circ}C에서$ 추출하고 극성이 다른 4가기 용매로 확분하여 생리활성 및 항균성을 검토하였다. 70% ethanol extract는 높은 항산화력을 나타내었고, 70% ethanol extract로부터 얻어진 각 용매별 추출 획분이 지질과 산화물 생성 억제와 malonaldehyde 생성 억제 효과는 ethyl acetate 획분 $\geq$ diethyl ether 획분 $\geqpetroleum$ ether 획분 > n-butanol 획분 > 수용성 획분의 순이었다. 전자공여능, 아질산염 제거능 및 항보체 활성은 n-butanol 획분이 다른 획분에 비하여 가장 높은 효과를 보였고 70% ethanol extract의 경우에도 전자고영능, 아질산염 제거능 및 항보체 활성이 높게 나타났다. 미생물인 Vib-rio parahaemoluticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus 등에서 항균력을 나타내었다.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 1978

Total methanol extract of Plantago asiatica seeds showed significant hepatotonic activities against animal model of hepatitis. The methanol extract was further fractionated with petroleum ether, chloroform, n-butanol and water. Among these fractions, methanol extract and water and chloroform fractions exhibited hepatonic activities, whereas petroleum ether and n-butanol fractions appeared to give rise a rather toxicity. Measurements of serum GOT, GPT and duration of sleeping time induced by hexobarbital after $CCl_4$ intoxication indicated that water fraction showed most potent activities.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.203-209
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ginseng extracts and their fractions on the 9rowth of Escherichia coli and its glucose consumption. Considerable amount of impurities such as sugar, Protein, lipids and minerals other than saponins were contained in n-butanol extracts which are generally referred to be crude saponins. Sucrose and maltose were contained as major sugars In ginseng extracts and their water soluble fractions. Arginine and potassium were also contained as major amino acid and mineral in those fractions, respectively. Though the glucose consumption and growth of Escherichia coli were enhanced by ginseng extracts and their water soluble fractions those were retarded by ether soluble fractions and n-butanol fractions.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2011

In the present study, total methanol extracts prepared from Alpinia katsumadai showed significant protective effects against the oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide, UV-C or ${\gamma}$-ray irradiation. These protective effects were substantially increased by treatment with 20~100 ${\mu}g$/ml of the extract. The A. katsumadai total methanol preparation was further fractionated into n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water fractions. Among these five fractions, the ethylacetate and butanol fractions of A. katsumadai showed the strongest protective effects against oxidative stress induced by UV-C and ${\gamma}$-ray irradiation. These fractions also showed high DPPH radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities. In addition, both fractions displayed cell proliferation activation effects, as evidenced by significant increases in colony formation. Our current data thus suggest that the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of A. katsumadai against oxidative damage may include radical scavenging, protection against cell membrane damage and stimulation of cell proliferation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.522-528
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• 2001

Tyrosinase plays an important role in the process of melanin biosynthesis, and it is a biochemical target enzyme for skin-whitening agents and the remedy for disturbances in pigmentation. We have screened 25 natural plant extracts for inhibitory effects against DOPA oxidase activity of tyrosinase. For the inhibitory effect against DOPA oxidase activity of tyrosinase, the recombinant human tyrosinase and the purified mushroom tyrosinase were used. Each of the dried plants extracted with methanol, and then the extracts were subjected to sequential fractionations with methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water, respective The methylene chloride fractions of Angelica tenuissima, Nardostachys chinensis, Bombyx mop and Saposhnikovia divaricata, and the n-butanol fraction of Bombyx mori notably inhibited the human tyrosinase activity as well as mushroom tyrosinase activity (more than 90% inhibition). This study suggests that the above extracts have a potential as whitening agents as single ingredients or in combination with other of the extracts.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.209-213
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• 2000

The cultured mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum were extracted and the extract was separated into six fractions by organic solvent fractionation. The antihepatotoxic activity of all the fractions was evaluated by measuring activities of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT). Among the fractions tested, the high-polarity fractions such as aqueous and n-butanol fractions significantly reduced activities of GPT and GOT in CCl4- and galactosamine-intoxicated rat primary hepatocytes. When intracellular synthetic activities were measured by pulsing the rate primary cultured hepatocytes with [3H]-uridine and [3H]-leucine, activities of DNA, RNA and protein. When direct toxicities of the fractions were measured against human hepatoma(SK-Hep-1), the non-polarity fractions such as n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions showed potent direct cytotoxicities even at the concentration of 1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. These data showed that Ganoderma lucidum has hepatoprotective and hepatotoxic recovery principles in its mycelia.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.171-173
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• 2006

Trichomonicidal activity of thirty methanolic herbal extracts used in traditional medicine in Korea was evaluated. Trichomonas vaginalis was used as experimental model, and anti-Trichomonas activity was determined over cultures of the parasite in TYM Diamond medium. Six methanolic extracts such as Acanthopanacis Cortex, Agrimoniae Herba, Pulsatillae Radix, Sanguisorbae Radix, Sophorae Radix, and Torilidis Fructus showed more than 50% trichomonicidal activity at the concentration of 200 g/ml. These extracts were further fractionated into n-butanol soluble and aqueous phases. Except for Acanthopanacis Cortex, all of n-butanol soluble phases showed potent trichomonicidal activity, while none of aqueous phases exhibited trichomonicidal activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.133-135
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• 1995

Previously, we reported that the n-butanol fraction of Lonicera japonica showed anti-flammatory activity in mice and rats. Several constituents such a loniceroside A and B, flavonoids and iridoids were isolated from this fraction. In this investigation, the anti-inflammatory activity of the major constituents of L. japonica was studied. Loniceroside A, lonicerin and loganin showed anti-inflammatory activity comparable to aspirin.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.145.2-145.2
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• 2003

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation, jaundice, headache, fever and hypertension. The 70％ ethanolic extract of gardenia fruit showed strong anti-angiogenic activity in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Among hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions prepared from the 70％ ethanolic extract, the n-butanol fraction was found to be most effective in the CAM assay. (omitted)

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.26-38
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• 2014

To examine the antioxidant activities of 11n selected miscellaneous cereal grains (proso millet, yellow glutinous proso millet, hwanggeumchal sorghum, glutinous sorghum, white glutinous sorghum, yellow glutinous foxtail millet, nonglutinous foxtail millet, green glutinous foxtail millet, golden foxtail millet, barnyard millet, and adlay), the free radical-scavenging activities of 80% ethanol extracts of the individual grains were investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods. The ethanol extracts of hwanggeumchal sorghum, glutinous sorghum, and barnyard millet grains exhibited more potent free radical-scavenging activities as compared to the other grains. When these three ethanol extracts were sequentially fractionated with n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol, the majority of the antioxidant activities were detected in the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions in which phenolic ingredients were abundant. The ethyl acetate and butanol fractions of hwanggeumchal sorghum and the ethyl acetate fraction of glutinous sorghum showed higher antioxidant activity than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Both ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods demonstrated that these organic solvent fractions could inhibit lipid peroxidation. The ethyl acetate fractions from hwanggeumchal sorghum, glutinous sorghum, and barnyard millet grains could suppress tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced apoptotic events, including sub-G1 peaks, ${\Delta}{\Psi}m$ loss, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and cleavage of PARP and lamin B, in human HL-60 cells. These results show that the grains of hwanggeumchal sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench cv. Hwanggeumchalsusu), glutinous sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench cv. Chalsusu), and barnyard millet (Echinochloa esculenta) possess efficient antioxidant activity, which could protect cells from oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity.