• Mycobiology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2015

The influences of temperature and nutritional conditions on the mycelium growth of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Pleurotus cystidiosus (PC) were investigated in laboratory experiment during the summer season of 2014. The results of the experiment indicated that potato dextrose agar (PDA) and yam dextrose agar (YDA) were the most suitable media for the mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PO while four media (PDA, YDA, sweet potato dextrose agar, and malt extract agar medium) were not significantly different in supporting mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PC. The optimal temperature for mycelium growth of both oyster mushroom species was obtained at $28^{\circ}C$. Mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PO was improved by carbon sources such as glucose, molasses, and at 1~5% sucrose concentration, mycelium colony diameter of mushroom PO was achieved the highest value. Whereas glucose, dextrose, and sucrose as carbon sources gave the good mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PC, and at 1~3% sucrose concentration, mycelium colony diameter of PC was achieved the maximum value. Ammonium chloride concentrations at 0.03~0.09% and 0.03~0.05% also gave the greatest values in mycelium colony diameter of mushroom PO and PC. Brown rice was found to be the most favourable for mycelium growth of two oyster mushroom species. In addition, sugarcane residue, acasia sawdust and corn cob were selected as favourable lignocellulosic substrate sources for mycelium growth of both oyster mushrooms.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.283-289
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• 1990

The competence time of Streptomyces viridochromogenes for aerial mycelium formation was determined. Within 10 hrs after spore inoculation the submerged mycelium was programed to form aerial mycelium, when the former was laid on agar plate. The white aerial mycelium was formed 17-22 hrs after the transfer. Ascorbic acid oxidizing enzyme band on native gel showed chracteristic mobility change during aerial mycelium formation. Total activity of this enzyme did not show any correlation with the differentiation. The asay condition for the crude enzyme was determined. EDTA and $FeCl_{2}$ showed stimulatory effect. Approximate ratio of oxygen consumed to ascorbic acid oxidized was 1:1.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.315-321
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• 1995

The relationship between morphological differentiation and production of trypsin-like protease (TLP_ in streptomycetes was studied. All the Streptomyces spp.In this study produced TLP just before the onset of aerial mycelium formation. Addition of TLP inhibitor, TLCK, to the top surface of colonies inhibited aerial mycelium formation as well as TLP inhibitor, TLCK, to the top surface of colonies inhibited aerial mycelium formation as well as TLP activity. Addition of 2% glucose to the Bennett agar medium repressed both the aerial mycelium formation and TLP production in S. abuvaviensis, S. coelicolor A3(2), S exfoliatus, S. microflavus, S. roseus, s. lavendulae, and S. rochei. However the addition of glucose did not affect S. limosus, S. felleus, S. griseus, S. phaechromogenes, and S. rimosus. The glucose repression on aerial mycelium formation and production of TLP was relieved by the addition of glucose anti-metabolite (methyl .alpha.-glucopyranoside). Therefore, it was concluded that TLP production is coordinately regulated with morphological differentiation and TLP activity is essential for morphological differentiation in streptomycetes. The proposed role of TLP is that TLP participates in the degradation of substrate mycelium protein for providing nutrient for aerial mycelial growth.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.89-102
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was evaluated hypoglycemic effect of culture broth of germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and yeast. Methods : We examined $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, blood glucose level, concentration of serum lipid, and serum metabolic variables of Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and yeast fortified Germanium. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rat. Results : In the $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, germanium-fortified yeast was significantly higher than germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium. The hypoglycemic effects of germaniumfortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium was higher than germanium-fortified yeast. The activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) was significantly lower in the germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and yeast than in diabetic control(DC) group and diabetic positive control(PC) group. The concentration of total cholesterol and triglyceride of germanium-fortified yeast was significantly lower than germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium, DC group and PC group. Conclusions : The results suggest that germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and yeast have improvement effects in blood glucose, serum lipid and liver function.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate an antioxidant ability, the change of antioxidant ability, antimicrobial activity and anticancer in functional meat ball and sausage prepared from Lentinus edoes mycelium and texturized soy protein. Methods : This experiments was carried out to investigate antioxidant ability(TBARS, DPPH, SOD-like ability), antibacterial activity and anticancer ability using sarcoma 180 extracts from Lentinus edoes mycelium. Result : Anticancer ability of Lentinus edoes mycelium showed a 28% survival rate and 63% of inhibition rate of tumor, which showed $1.30{\pm}0.4g$ of tumor weight. These results revealed an effective Lentinus edoes mycelium resources as anticancer sources. After heating peoducts prepared from Lentinus edoes mycelium, these products doesn't showed difference between after heating and before heating in measuring of SOD-like activity and DPPH. In DPPH experiment, ethanol extracts showed a high DPPH value as 90.85%, but hot water extracts showed 82.14% in DPPH value. Conclusion : In conclusion, it is very useful resources for preparing functional food on the basis of results from antioxidant(TBARS, DPPH, SOD-like ability), antibacterial activity and anticancer ability using sarcoma 180.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.287-293
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• 1999

To assess the effects of gamma-ray (Co-60) on radiation sensitivity and genetic similarity of the basidiospore and mycelium in oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, the D$_{10}$ values and RAPD patterns were analysed. Three strains were isolated from basidiospores (PO-Bl, -B2, and - B3 from 2 kGy irradiation group) and five strains from mycelia (PO-Ml, -M2 from 1 key, PO-M3 from 2 kGy, and PO-M4 and -M5 from 2+1 key irradiation group). The D$_{10}$ values of basidiospore and mycelium of P. Preurotus ostreatus were 1,250 Gy and 500 Gy, respectively. The growth rates of the eight strains on the five media were various and the activities of extracellular chitinases of them were generally higher than those of the control. By the gamma-ray radiation, 22-25% of genetic similarities were changed in the basidiospore strains and 23-36% of them in the mycelium strains. From these results, it seems that the basidiospore could be more radio-resistant than the mycelium of P. ostreatus and that the genetic similarity of the mycelium of P ostrentus could be changed easier than that of the basidiospore by the gamma-ray radiation.ion.

• Mycobiology
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.357-365
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• 2022

Schizophyllum commune has emerged as the most promising model mushroom to study developmental stages (mycelium, primordium), which are two primary processes of fruit body development. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been proved to participate in fruit development and sex differentiation in fungi. However, potential lncRNAs have not been identified in S. commune from mycelium to primordium developmental stages. In this study, lncRNA-seq was performed in S. commune and 61.56 Gb clean data were generated from mycelium and primordium developmental stages. Furthermore, 191 lncRNAs had been obtained and a total of 49 lncRNAs were classified as differently expressed lncRNAs. Additionally, 26 up-regulated differently expressed lncRNAs and 23 down-regulated between mycelium and primordia libraries were detected. Further, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that differentially expressed lncRNAs target genes from the MAPK pathway, phosphatidylinositol signal, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, autophagy, and cell cycle. This study provides a new resource for further research on the relationship between lncRNA and two developmental stages (mycelium, primordium) in S. commune.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2001

버섯의 액체배양에 의한 균사체 및 세포외 다당 발효의 안정성과 생산성 증가를 도모하기 위하여, 영지(Ganoderma lucidum ASI 7004)의 액체배양 중, 배지조성($0{\sim}11\;g/l$의 ammonium)을 달리하여 균사체 형태 및 분화의 경시변화를 영상분석 시스템을 이용하여 분석하였다. 배지 조성 및 배양 조건에 따른 균사체 형태의 배양경시변화를 영상분석한 결과, non-branched long filamentous mycelium, non-branched short mycelium, branched long filamentous mycelium, branched short mycelium, entangled mycelium 및 각종 clump의 필라멘트 형태와, smooth pellet, rough pellet 및 hollow rough pellet의 펠렛 형태 등, 다양한 형태를 관찰할 수 있었다. Ammonium ion이 낮은 경우에는 필라멘트 형태의 균사 생육이 주인 반면, 높은 농도로 갈수록 펠렛 형태의 균사 생육이 주로 관찰되었다. 이러한 형태의 변화를 수치화 하는 수단으로 fractal 차원을 이용하여 형태를 분류한 결과, 11 g/l의 ammonium phosphate 농도에서 주로 나타나는 균사형태의 fractal 차원을 이용하여 형태를 분류한 결과, 11 g/l의 ammonium phosphate 농도에서 주로 나타나는 균사형태의 fractal 차원은 1.05 이었으나(펠렛형), ammonium phosphate의 결핍 시에 주로 나타나는 균사 형태의 fractal 차원은 1.3이었다(필라멘트형). 또 필라멘트형 및 펠렛형 균사체가 공존할 때의 fractal 차원은 1.16으로, 이들의 중간 값을 나타내었다. 따라서, fractal 차원은 균사 형태의 변화를 측정하는 지표 값으로 매우 유용할 것으로 생각되었다. 또 원형도는 펠렛형 균사체의 표면에서 균사 생육 정도를 판정하는데 유용한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2022

기존에 사용되는 1차 봉지배양 및 2차 매트생산 배양에 소요되는 기간을 단축시키기 위해 시루송편버섯 균사체에 Co-60 저준위 감마선 200 Gy 24시간 조사로 돌연변이 시킨 ToM 균사체를 활용하여 봉지배양이 생략된 박스 배양법을 시도하였다. 또한, 매트의 품질 및 물성을 강화시키기 위해 균액으로 ammonium nitrate가 3 g/L첨가된 mYMB6을 사용하였고, CaCO₃를 1.5% 함유한 톱밥배지에서 균일한 품질의 균사체 매트 생산이 가능하다는 점을 확인하였으며, 기간 또한 기존의 생산방법과 비교하여 10일 이상 단축할 수 있다. 본 결과는 균사체 기반 친환경 소재 연구에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.473-479
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was evaluated physiological activity effect of organic germanium in culture broth of germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and germanium-fortified yeast. Proliferation Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and yeast was inhibited by addition of germanium. Contents of organic germanium in Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and yeast was increased in dose-dependent manner. And low concentration(1,000 ppm) of germanium in mycelium was almost changed organic germanium. In the result of antioxidant activity as SOD-like activity, contents of total polyphenol compound and electron donating ability, activity of germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium was higher than that of germanium-fortified yeast. To evaluate of antitumor effects in vitro, we examined nitric oxide production of Raw 264,7 cell and cytotoxicity of HT1080 cell by MTT assay. Nitric oxide production of germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium was shown low level in low concentration(1,000 ppm) than other groups. The anticancer effect of germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium on HT 1080 cell was indicated a strong inhibitory effect in low concentration(1,000 ppm). These results suggest that organic germanium in culture broth of germanium-fortified Tricholoma matsutake mycelium has valuable physiological activities as antioxidant and anticancer effect, and it was higher than that of germanium-fortified yeast.