• 미생물과산업
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.50-52
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• 1994

Coccidioides immitis의 mycelial phase와 tissue phase에 있어서 미세구조를 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. mycelial phase의 세포구조에서는 정상적인 균이 보유하고 있는 내용물질을 관찰할 수 있었으며 이는 다른 eucaryotic cell의 구조와 같았다. 2. tissue phase에서는 mycelial phase의 세포의 크기보다 비교적 크기가 컸으며 mycelial phase에서 보다 많은 종의 vacuole이 관찰되었다. 3. Tissue phase에서는 fibril form의 내연층을 볼 수 있었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.169-174
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• 1971

Ultrastructural observations of mycelial and tissue phase with dimorphic fungal pathogen Coccidioides immitis were studied by electron microscopy of thin sections. 1. In mycelial phase of C.immitis contains normal cell components such as nucleus, mitochondria, endoplamsic reticulum, intracytoplasmic membrane system, cell wall and cell membrane as observed in the other encaryotic cells. 2. In tissue phase of C. immitis was larger than mycelial phase in cell size and observed much more vacuoles than mycelial phase. 3. In the contrast of mycelial phase of C. immitis, the tissue phase of cells were observed fibril form of capsular layer.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.397-401
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• 1991

Yeast-form cells of cadmium ion-tolerant Hansenula anomala B-7 were changed to mycelial cells in medium containing more than $400\mu$g/ml of cadmium. Moreover, the mycelial cells were exchanged into clumped cells in a medium containing more than $1,000\mu$g/ml of cadmium. Optimal conditions of mycelial cell formation were achieved in the presence of .$1,000\mu$g/ml of cadmium with shaking cultivation for 7 days. Glucan and mannan contents of the yeast cell wall frown with $1,000\mu$g/ml of cadmium decreased by 10% compared with those grown without cadmium. However, protein and lipid contents increased about 20% respectively. By cadmium, no significant findings in specific amino acid contents were discovered.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2005

동충하초 Paecilomyces tenuipes C240의 균사체 배양과정에서 균사체 성장, 세포외 다당체 생산, 기질감소 속도를 표현할 수 있는 동력학적 모델을 제시하였다. 균사체 성장은 Logistic식을, 세포외 다당체 생산은 Luedeking-Piret 식을, 기질소모는 Luedeking-Piret 유사식을 각각 적용함으로써, 전체 균사체 배양과정을 예측할 수 있었다. 모델식에서 사용된 주요 kineti, constant들은 다음과 같다: 균사체의 최대 비성장속도${\mu}m,\;0.7281\;h^{-1};$; 다당체 생산에서의 growth-associated constant $(\alpha),\;0.1743g(g\;cells)^{-1}$; non-growth-associated constant $(\beta),\;0.0019g(g\;cells)^{-1}\;;$ maintenance coefficient ($(m_s),\;0.0572g\;(g\;cells)^{-1}$·5L 발효조에서 얻은 균사체 성장, 세포외 다당체 생산, 기질감소 속도자료들을 모델에서 예측한 결과와 비교한 결과 서로 잘 일치하는 것으로 보아, 본 연구에서 제안된 모델식은 이 동충하초 균사체 배양공정의 scale-up등의 프로세스 설계에 응용가능 할 것이며, 다른 종류의 동충하초 균사체 배양공정에도 적용가능 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2019

Compounds from Lingzhi has been demonstrated the ability for inhibiting tyrosinase (a key enzyme in melanogenesis) activity. In this study, we investigated the anti-melanogenic activity from the submerged mycelial culture of Ganoderma weberianum and elucidated the skin lightening mechanism by B16-F10 murine melanoma cells. From the cellular context, several fractionated mycelium samples exhibited anti-melanogenic activity by reducing more than 40% extracellular melanin content of B16-F10 melanoma cells. In particular, the fractionated chloroform extract (CF-F3) inhibited both secreted and intracellular melanin with the lowest dosage (25 ppm). Further analysis demonstrated that CF-F3 inhibited cellular tyrosinase activity without altering its protein expression. Taken together, our study has demonstrated that the chemical extracts from submerged mycelial culture of G. weberianum have the potential to serve as an alternative anti-melanogenic agent.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.502-507
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• 2006

In a previous study, an extract of Clavicorona pyxidata DGUM 29005 mycelia demonstrated an inhibitory effect against enzyme-associated perceptual disorders. We have attempted to determine whether this mycelial extract is also capable of inhibiting the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and ${\beta}$-secretase (BACE) activity. Butanol, ethanol, and water extracts of C. pyxidata DGUM 29005 mycelia were shown to inhibit AChE activity by 99.3%, 93.7%, and 91.7%, respectively. The inhibitory value of the butanol extract was more profound than that of tacrine (95.4%). The ethanol extract also exerted an inhibitory effect against BACE activity; this fraction may harbor the potential for development into a pharmocotherapeutic modality for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells in culture were not determined to be susceptible to the cytotoxic activity evidenced by the mycelial extract. The ethanol extract inhibited endogenous AChE activity in PC12 cellular homogenates, with an $IC_{50}\;of\;67.5{\mu}g/ml$, after incubation with intact cells, and also inhibited BACE activity in a dose-dependent fashion. These results suggest that the C. pyxidata mycelial extract has the potential to enhance cholinergic function and, therefore, may perform a function in the amelioration of the cholinergic deficit observed in cases of AD, as well as other types of age-associated memory impairment.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제27권1호통권88호
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• pp.32-38
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• 1999

양식 가물치로부터 Saprolegnia sp.를 분리하고 그들의 일부 생리학적 특성과 제어를 위한 식물 추출물(精油)을 탐색하였다. 분리된 Saprolegnia sp. 영양체 생장 최적 온도는 $25^{\circ}C$이었고, 최적 pH는 6.0이었으며, 최적 NaCl 농도는 0%이었다. 또한 phosphate 10 mM 농도와 casamino acid 10mg/L농도에서 균사의 생장은 잘되었다. Saprolegnia sp.의 제어 정도를 조사하기 위해 쑥, 편백, 측백나무로부터 정유를 분리하여 10, 100, 500, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000ppm에서 처리한 결과 쑥 정유는 처리농도 10 ppm 이상 농도에서부터 억제 양상이 나타나다가 농도가 높아질수록 더 많은 억제양상을 나타냈다. 측백과 편백나무 정유를 처리한 것에서는 10ppm이상 처리 농도에서부터 억제되기 시작하여 그 이상의 처리 농도에서는 상당한 균사 생장 제어 효과를 나타내다가 500 ppm 이상 처리 농도에서는 완전한 제어 효과를 나타냈다. 또한 Saprolegnia sp.에 감염된 가물치의 조직 병리학적인 조사를 실시한 결과 균사가 감염된 근육조직 부분에는 깊은 곳까지 균사가 침투하였고, 아가미의 세포는 곤봉형태를 나타냈으며, 간조직 세포에서는 일부가 괴사되었고 부분적으로 ceroid 물질이 침착되어 있었다. 또한 비장조직 세포에서는 일부 괴사된 세포를 관찰하였고, ceroid 물질의 침착을 볼 수 있었다. 신장조직은 세뇨관의 상피세포에서 일부 괴사를 관찰하였고, 조혈 조직에는 ceroid 물질의 침착상태가 나타났다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.665-670
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• 2006

Amyloid $\beta$-peptide (A$\beta$), which is a product of the proteolytic effect of $\beta$-secretase (BACE) on an amyloid precursor protein, is closely associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. There is sufficient evidence to suggest that a BACE inhibitor may reduce A$\beta$ levels, thus decreasing the risk of AD. In a previous study, an extract of Clavicorona pyxidata DGUM 29005 mycelia was found to inhibit the production of a soluble $\beta$-amyloid precursor protein (s$\beta$APP), A$\beta$, and BACE in neuronal cell lines. We sought to determine whether this mycelial extract exerts the same effect in human rhabdomyosarcoma A-204 and rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells. We found that the production of A$\beta$ decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of the mycelial extract and that the concentration of A$\beta$ never exceeded $50{\mu}g/ml$. The presence of sAPP was detected in every culture medium to which the mycelial extract had been added and its concentration remained the same, regardless of the concentration of the extract used. Endogenous $\beta$-secretase activity in A-204 and PC-12 cellular homogenates also decreased in the presence of this extract. These cells, in culture, were not susceptible to the cytotoxic activity of the mycelial extract.

• Mycobiology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2006

In the present study, in order to investigate the anti-proliferative phenomenon of PLME, the effects of mycelial extract of Phellinus linteus (PLME) on the growth of human lung carcinoma cell line A549 was examined. We studied on the effects of PLME on the release of nitric oxide (NO) in mouse macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. Treatment of PLME to A549 cells resulted in the growth inhibition, morphological change and induction of apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner as measured by MTT assay. We found that PLME stimulated a dose-dependent increase in NO production. These findings suggest that PLME enhances the anti-tumoral activity of macrophage and may be a potential therapeutic agent for the control of human lung carcinoma cells.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2001

Protein-polysaccharide fractions, PJ-3 and PJ-4, were prepared from mycelial culture filtrate of an insect-born fungus, Paecilomyces japonica DGUM 32001, and subjected to a flow cytometrical analysis for their vivo antitumor and immunomodulating activity in ICR mice. When i.p. injected once daily for semen days at 100 mg/kg, PJ-4 exerted a strong antitumor activity showing the growth inhibition ratio of 85.1% against i.p. implanted sarcoma 180 cells, while PJ-3 showed only a weak activity. Moreover, PJ-4 signiscantly increased the expression level of CD25 (IL-2R $\alpha$-chain) as well as forward scatter (FSC) values of splenic CD8$^{8}$ T cells. It is also noteworthy that PJ-4 strongly induced the peritoneal exudate cells in the same experiment. In an in vitro study, PJ-4 slightly inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 cells at the concentration of 50$\mu$g/ml or higher. These results strongly suggest that PJ-4 might exert its antitumor activity through immunostimulation as well as direct inhibitory activity on the tumor cells.