• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.2 s.89
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• pp.107-111
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• 1999

Vinyl mulching was used on Oyster mushroom beds in an attempt to control bacterial diseases of Pleurotus ostreatus. Beds were covered with perforated, transparent vinyl sheets (0.03 mm thick, 180 cm wide); holes (10 cm diameter) were 10 cm apart. There were $25\;holes/m^2$. Vinyl mulching made management of the crop easier. Discrete mushroom flushes formed with high quality bunches of mushrooms formed through the holes; this made picking quicker and made more efficient use of labor. Total yield of mushrooms increased by 5.7% to $10.8\;kg/m^2$. Mushroom mycelium under vinyl remained healthy and white; whereas mycelium grown using conventional methods changed from white to yellow-brown during the cropping cycle. The mean weight of a mushroom bunch from vinyl mulched beds was 283 g (33 fruitbodies) compared to 117 g (15 fruitbodies) obtained using conventional growing methods.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.229-233
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• 1992

Although there were differences depending on strains and environmental conditions, virus infected oyster mushroom, Pleurotus florida showed slow growth on sawdust and rice straw substrates. Many harmful microorganisms occurred on the cultural bed of virus infected isolates. Pinhead formed too densely or too rarely sometimes. Stipes of the mushrooms were long slightly bent with small cap. The virus infected mushrooms formed branch on their stipes. The first pinheading days of the infeeted mushroom were later than that of healthy culture. The loss of fruit body yield was about 30% compared with that of virus free culture. Spores which contaminated by viruses damaged more seriously than the other source. The authors would like to call these symptoms as a new disease in oyster mushroom culture in the world.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.53-56
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• 2006

The enormous production of spores by the fruitbodies in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) is develop an allergy with symptoms similar to an "extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EEA)". the sporeless strain would noy only benefit health of mushroom workers but also reduce the risk of viral infections on the mushroom farms. For the development of a sporeless strain of P. ostreatus we used strain ASI 2069. This non-commercial strain is completely nonsporulating. We have recovered both nuclear types of strain ASI 2069 as monokaryons (hereafter referred to as neohaplonts) by protoplasting the mycelium. Crosses between neohaplonts and SSI's(single spore isolates) obtained from a sporulating commercial strain ASI 2180 yielded fruitbodies that isolated 128 strains. 13 excellent strains are selected from 30 bred strains by quality of fruitbodies and spore number. Among 13 excellent strains, G192 strain is chose finally to high yield and sporelessness.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.8-11
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• 2014

In this study, we attempted to find substitute materials for bottle cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus such as poplar sawdust. The chemical characters of mixture substrates with albasia, poplar and douglas fir sawdust were not different significantly. Incubation period was shorter in the albasia sawdust 50% treatment than in the albasia sawdust 100% treatment. The yield and bio-efficiency of fruit-body albasia sawdust 50% treatment, were similar to the poplar 100% and douglas fir 100% treatment. Therefore, it was suggested that albasia sawdust 50% treatment could be substituted for poplar and douglas fir sawdust for bottle cultivation of P. ostreatus.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.187-193
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• 2013

A galactose fermentation bacterium producing lactose from red seaweed, which was known well to compromise the galactose as main reducing sugar, was isolated from button mushroom bed in Buyeo-Gun, Chungchugnamdo province. The lactic acid bacteria MONGB-2 was identified as Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans by analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. When the production of lactic acid and acetic acid by L. paracasei MONGB-2 was investigated by HPLC analysis with various carbohydrates, the strain MONGB-2 efficiently convert the glucose and galactose to lactic acid with the yield of 18.86 g/L and 18.23 g/L, respectively and the ratio of lactic acid to total organic acids was 1.0 and 0.91 g/g for both substrates. However, in the case of acetic acid fermentation, other carbohydrates besides galactose and red seaweed hydrolysate could not be totally utilized as carbon sources for acetic acid production by the strain. The lactic acid production from glucose and galactose in the fermentation time courses was gradually enhanced upto 60 h fermentation and the maximal concentration reached to be 16-18 g/L from both substrates after 48 h of fermentation. The initial concentration of glucose and galactose were completely consumed within 36 h of fermentation, of which the growth of cell also was maximum level. In addition, the bioconversion of lactic acid from the red seaweed hydrolysate by L. paracasei MONGB-2 appeared to be about 20% levels of the initial substrates concentration and this results were entirely lower than those of galactose and glucose showed about 60% of conversion. The apparent results showed that L. paracasei MONGB-2 could produce the lactic acid with glucose as well as galactose by the homofermentation through EMP pathway.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.137-141
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• 2010

This experiment was carried out to clarify the effect of light qualities on the growth characteristics and yield of fruiting body in the cultivation of Lyophyllum ulmarium. The intensity of illumination by light qualities was in the order of white light(2,270Lux), yellow light(1,750Lux), blue light(460Lux) and red light(400Lux). An investigation of fruiting body showed these results that the pileus size and stipe diameter of fruiting body on CBM(Chungbuk mushroom)-1757 were much larger than Hypsizigus marmoreus, and an effect of yellow light seemed to be better than those of another light. In comparison with Hypsizigus marmoreus, the growth duration of CBM-1757 was shortened by 8 days which included 2 days for mycelial culture, 1 day for first pinning requirement and 1 day for growth. The growth duration in yellow light illumination was about 70 days showing the tendency of 2~4 days reduction. There were no differences in results such as number of effective stem and fresh weight. The yield of fruiting body per bottle in CBM-1757(95.6g) was little higher than Hypsizigus marmoreus(94.8g). By a white light's standard, the yields of blue and red light illumination were decreased by 2~9%, but that of yellow light illumination was increased by 8%. The chromaticity results showed that brightness, red and yellow coloration of CBM-1757 were higher than those of Hypsizigus marmoreus, and yellow light treatment was more effective than another light.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.179-183
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• 2012

This study was conducted to determine proper amount of media and the effect of fermented sawdust on yield of Grifola frondosa in bag culture. The yield of Grifola frondosa was 227 g for 2 kg of media compared with 103 g for 1kg, 256 g for 2.5 kg, and 312 g for 3 kg. The greatest yield of Grifola frondosa per mass of media was 114 g/kg media for 2 kg of media. Days to harvest for 2 kg of media was 95 days compared with 93 days for 1kg, 99 days for 2.5kg, and 104 days for 3kg. Addition of fermented oak sawdust increased yield from 90 to 145 g/kg bag for Hambak cultivar and from 104 to 121 g/kg bag for Yipsae1ho cultivar. Culture duration was shorten 4-7 days by treating fermented oak sawdust.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.113-118
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• 2019

Oyster mushrooms are an economically important crop, accounting for 35% of the total mushroom production in Korea. In this study, we developed a new cultivar of Pleurotus ostreatus, known as 'Baekseon,' which is characterized by a white pileus with a white stipe. It was bred by mating monokaryons isolated from white mutant oyster mushrooms that were naturally generated from 'Gonji-7ho' and 'Wonhyeong-1ho' at the Mushroom Research Institute, GARES, Korea in 2018. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar medium was approximately $28-31^{\circ}C$, and the optimum temperatures for primordia formation and growth of fruit bodies on sawdust media were $22^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. The time required for the bottle-cultured mushrooms to complete spawn running, primordia formation, and growth of fruit bodies was 30 days, 4 days, and 4 days, respectively. The fruit bodies were bundle-shaped, the pilei were round type and white, and the stipes were white. The stipes were slender and longer than those of the control ('Miso'). In the productivity test, the yield per bottle was 185 g/1100 mL, which was 45% greater than that of the control ('Miso'). In the farm test, the yield per bottle for Farm A (Pyeongtaek) and Farm B (Yeoju) was 184 g/1100 mL and 178 g/850 mL, respectively. With regard to the physical properties of fruit bodies, the springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and brittleness of stipe tissue were 80%, 57%, 720 g, and 57 kg, respectively. These values were lower than those of the control ('Miso'). To test the shelf life, the fruit bodies were wrapped with antifogging film and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 28 days and then at room temperature for 4 days; such conditions were sufficient for maintaining edibility.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.132-139
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• 2023

Light plays an important role in fruit-body development and morphology during Pleurotus spp. cultivation. To understand the effects of light color on fruit-body properties, we evaluated the fruit-body characteristics of Pleurotus spp. Varieties cultivated under blue, red, and purple LED light sources. The main results are as follows: The overall fruit-body shape showed differences depending on the color of the LED light. The fruit-bodies of mushroom cultivated under blue and purple light were generally similar to the mushroom shapes typically produced, while those of mushroom cultivated under green light were abnormally shaped, probably due to the absence of effective light source. The average cap lightness of mushrooms cultivated under blue, green, and purple LED lights was 57.0, 57.4, and 59.4, respectively. The average cap lightness of all varieties except Wonhyeong1ho and Hwang-geumsantari cultivated under the three LED light sources were statistically significantly different (P<0.05). The cap redness varied significantly depending on the LED lighting and variety. Only Gonji7hoM, the cap color mutant of Gonji7ho, showed negative cap redness values under all three LED light sources. Among the eight varieties excluding Gonji7ho, the highest cap redness was observed when cultivated under the blue LED. The average harvest weight of the varieties cultivated under purple, blue, and green LED light were 68.0, 58.3, and 50.1 g, respectively. The yield of Gonji7ho, the mushroom variety with the highest yield, cultivated under blue, green, and purple LED light were 92.8, 77.1, and 98.6 g, respectively. The earliness when grown under the purple, blue, and green LED lights were 5.3, 5.8, and 5.8 days, respectively. Among the varieties, six, three, and two cultivars showed the shortest earliness under the purple, green, and blue LED, respectively. The fruit-body lengths were 66.4, 51.8, and 46.8 mm when cultivated under green, purple, and blue lights, respectively. These results are expected to serve as a foundation for producing mushrooms with traits demanded in the market.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.3
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• pp.434-442
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• 2015

The process of cultivation and production of oak mushroom (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) on sawdust surface beds were investigated. Sawdust surface bed cultivation is the method by which oak mushrooms are cultured and produced on sterilized sawdust surface bed without using bags. The bed was made by inoculating with 3 to 1 ratio of bed sawdust to oak mushroom mycelial inoculum. The sawdust bed medium with 65% water content was pasteurized at $65^{\circ}C$, inoculated with sawdust spawn and spread on the surface on vinyl film in cultivation shed. During 78 days of cultivation period, water content in the medium varied from 61 to 72%, its pH decreased from 5.6 to 3.9~4.6 and ergosterol concentration increased to $0.33{\sim}0.59{\mu}g/g$. $CO_2$ concentration in the medium rapidly increased to 8.06% in two weeks. In seven weeks the medium surface started browning and $CO_2$ concentration increased to about 5.63%. Until 11th week the $CO_2$ concentration was maintained at 6~7%. After removing the plastic cover on the bed for ventilation in 12 weeks, $CO_2$ within the bed reduced dramatically to 1.5%. In the cultivation shed the internal temperature was $7.1{\sim}29^{\circ}C$ and humidity was 27.3 to 100%, while bed temperature ranged $11.6{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. Oak mushroom fruiting started from late July, in 120 days after bed establishment in late March and continued for approximately 100 days until early December with eight cycles of irrigation treatment. The mushroom yield of the eight cycles were 288~352 kg during the 1st (7/29~8/4) to 3rd cycle (9/3~9/7), 800 kg at the 4th cycle (9/19~9/24), 1,296~1,853 kg during 5th (10/3~10/8) to 7th cycle (4.11~11/9) and 990 kg at 8th cycle (11/23~12/7). Total production was approximately 7.4 tons from 33.0 tons of oak sawdust medium, thus harvest efficiency of the mushroom production was approximately 22.4%.