• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2021

A diverse group of plant-growth promoting bacteria were isolated in button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) media to investigate the plant-growth promoting traits of compounds including indole acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, siderophore, and hydrogen cyanide. Twenty-one bacterial strains showing positive effects for all the test traits were selected and classified to confirm bacterial diversity in the media habitat. Plant-growth promoting traits of the isolates were also assessed. All strains produced IAA ranging from 20 ㎍/mL to 250 ㎍/mL. Most of the isolates produced more than 80% siderophore. Four strains (Pantoea sp., PSB-08, Bacillus sp., PSB-13, Pseudomonas sp., PSB-17, and Enterobacter sp., PSB-21) showed outstanding performances for all the tested traits. In a bioassay of these four strains using mung bean plant, the best growth performances (23.16 cm, 22.98 cm, 2.27 g/plant, and 1.83 g/plant for shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight, respectively) were obtained from the plants co-inoculated with Bacillus sp., PSB-13. The resultant data indicate that button mushroom media have got a diverse group of bacteria with plant growth promoting abilities. Thus, the media could be a good recycling resource for using to an effective bio-fertilizer.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.525-530
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• 2021

The cultivation in sawdust media, mushroom productivity, and fruiting body characteristics of Lentinula edodes strains NIFoS 2778 and NIFoS 3363 were compared according to the inoculation conditions. The cultivation period was 5% shorter when liquid spawn was used. Fruiting bodies were induced after 113 days of incubation on media inoculated with liquid spawn, and the cultivation period was 119 days on media inoculated with solid spawn. Mushroom productivity of NIFoS 2778 was the highest (661.4 g) when 36 mL of liquid spawn was used. For NIFoS 3363, mushroom production was higher under liquid inoculation conditions when the same amount of liquid and solid spawns were used. The mushroom characteristics of the two strains were not significantly different, except for gill width and stipe diameter.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 1987

느타리버섯 볏짚배지(培地)에 발생하는 유해균류(有害菌類)를 조사하고 그중 발생(發生) 및 피해(被害)가 큰 균류(菌類)의 배양적(培養的) 성질에 관한 실험을 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 느타리버섯 볏짚배지(培地)에서 12종류(種類)의 진균류(眞菌類)가 분리(分離)되었는데 그 중 Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Rhizopus 등은 발생빈도(發生頻度)가 높고 발생양(發生量)도 많았다. 2. 느타리버섯 볏짚배지(培地)에서는 7종(種)의 Trichoderma가 동정되었는데 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 T. pseudokoningii, T. aureoviride, T. viride, T. harzianum, T. koningii의 順이었다. 3. 유해균류(有害菌類)의 발생(發生)은 일반 버섯재배사(栽培舍)에서 재배회수(栽培回數)가 증가(增加)할수록 많았고 추기재배(秋期栽培)보다는 춘기재배(春期栽培)에서 심하였다. 4. 볏집추출배지(抽出培地) 및 느타리버섯 추출배지(抽出培地)에서 Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Rhzopus 등 공시한 균들의 균사생장과 분생포자의 형성이 양호한 결과를 보이므로서 볏짚배지(培地) 및 균상(菌床)의 버섯과 그 파열물들이 균류(菌類)의 발생(發生)에 알맞는 조건을 부여하였다. 5. Trichoderma spp.는 톱밥추출배지(抽出培地) 및 미강추출배지(米糠抽出培地)에서 생장(生長)이 극히 양호하여 균상(菌床)에 접종(接種)한 종균(種菌)은 균류(菌類)의 배지(培地)가 되었다.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.29-29
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• 2018

Sparassis latifolia is called "Cauliflower Mushroom" and is known as an edible mushroom that has high content of ${\beta}$-glucan. Recently, artificial cultivation of S. latifolia has been done by bottle, plastic bag and wood cultivation in Korea. However it is not widely used because there are low incubation ratio and yield. For the high efficiency of production, we aim to find the superior strains and media for better mycelial and fruit body growth. First, we analyzed the genetic relationship among 31 strains and divided five groups with three kinds of URP primers. And then ten strains were selected from five groups based on the experiment of mycelial growth. The suitability of media for mycelial growth was different according to media type. The suitable solid and liquid media for mycelial growth of S. latifolia isolates were PDA and M2, respectively. In addition, with regard to C/N ratio, the mycelial growth increased even until C/N 160. Second, we investigated the production of fruitbody of the strains by plastic bag cultivation. The substrate was mixed with larch sawdust, corn flour, and wheat flour (8:1:1, v/v). Moisture content of substrate was controlled by about 60% with 10% molasses solution. Out of 31 strains, 19 strains formed primordia. The eight strains produced more than 140g/1kg in fresh weight. Third, molasses culture media was selected for the mycelial growth. And molasses suitable sugar content and input aeration were around 8Brix% and 0.3~0.6vvm, respectively. The longer the incubation period is, the more dried weight of mycelia increased, but medium volume decreased. Therefore, the best incubation period was 9 to 11 days depending on strains. In the future, research project entitled development of culture system and new variety for stable production of S. latifolia will be considered as a new item.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.202-205
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• 2017

국내 안전 버섯생산을 위해서 수입된 표고균이 접종된 표고배지에서 중금속과 잔류농약의 존재 위험성을 두고 우려가 있어 왔다. 버섯의 안전 생산을 위해서는 우려되는 위험성에 대해 건전한 논의를 위한 기초 자료가 필요하다. 이에따라 본 연구에서는 2013년과 2015년 사이 중국 6개 지역에서 수입된 표고균이 접종된 톱밥배지에서 중금속과 잔류농약 존재여부를 알고자 분석을 수행하였다. 납, 비소, 크롬, 수은, 카드뮴 중에서 비소, 크롬, 수은은 검출되지 않았다. 납은 길림, 산동, 텐진, 요녕 지역에서 수입된 표고톱밥배지에서 검출되었으며 검출수준은 1.7 에서 3.2 mg/kg 이었다. 카드뮴은 산동과 요녕 지역에서 검출되었고 검출수준은 0.028 to 0.037 mg/kg 이었다. 잔류농약은 모든 시료에서 불검출되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2009

본 연구는 팽이버섯과 큰느타리버섯 재배 후 탈병 배지를 대상으로 원예용 상토재료로서의 이용가능성을 검토하기 위하여 수행하였다. 탈병배지의 이화학성을 분석한 결과 팽이버섯 탈병배지에서 pH와 암모니아태 질소가 높았고, CEC는 느타리재배 탈병배지에서 높았다. 인산과 양이온 함량은 팽이버섯 탈병배지가 큰느타리 시료에 비해 상대적으로 높았다. 미생물 분포는 팽이버섯 탈병배지에서 Microbacterium, Rhodococcus, Agrobacterium, 큰느타리버섯은 Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Curtobacterium, Microbacterium, Plantibacte속 등이 우점하였다. 버섯재배 탈병배지를 퇴비화한 결과 시판용 상토원료보다 CEC는 낮았으나, 질소, 인산 및 양이온 함량은 오히려 높았다. 팽이와 큰느타리버섯 탈병배지를 퇴비화한 후 질석을 혼합하여 고추와 배추에 대한 발아율을 조사하였다. 팽이버섯 탈병배지는 질석 혼합 비율에 관계없이 고추와 배추의 발아율이 높았다. 그러나 큰느타리 탈병배지와 질석혼용시 질석 20% 이상 혼합시 고추의 발아율이 100%였으나, 10% 혼합의 경우는 발아가 전혀 되지 않았다. 특히 배추의 경우 질석 30%를 혼합하여도 10%의 발아율을 나타냄으로써 큰느타리재배 탈병배지는 배추재배용 상토원료로는 부적당할 것으로 판단되었다. 한편, 팽이버섯 탈병배지는 시판용 상토원료와 혼합할 경우 혼합비율에 관계없이 사용가능하다고 판단되나, 큰느타리 탈병배지의 경우는 시판용 상토원료와 20% 미만의 적은 양을 혼합할 경우 사용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 고추 유묘의 생육은 팽이버섯과 큰 느타리 탈병배지 모두 질석 혼합비율이 증가할수록 초장, 생체중 및 근중이 증가하였으며, 특히 큰느타리 탈병배지를 이용한 상토에서 고추 유묘의 생육촉진 효과가 뚜렷하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2015

The influences of temperature and nutritional conditions on the mycelium growth of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Pleurotus cystidiosus (PC) were investigated in laboratory experiment during the summer season of 2014. The results of the experiment indicated that potato dextrose agar (PDA) and yam dextrose agar (YDA) were the most suitable media for the mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PO while four media (PDA, YDA, sweet potato dextrose agar, and malt extract agar medium) were not significantly different in supporting mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PC. The optimal temperature for mycelium growth of both oyster mushroom species was obtained at $28^{\circ}C$. Mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PO was improved by carbon sources such as glucose, molasses, and at 1~5% sucrose concentration, mycelium colony diameter of mushroom PO was achieved the highest value. Whereas glucose, dextrose, and sucrose as carbon sources gave the good mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PC, and at 1~3% sucrose concentration, mycelium colony diameter of PC was achieved the maximum value. Ammonium chloride concentrations at 0.03~0.09% and 0.03~0.05% also gave the greatest values in mycelium colony diameter of mushroom PO and PC. Brown rice was found to be the most favourable for mycelium growth of two oyster mushroom species. In addition, sugarcane residue, acasia sawdust and corn cob were selected as favourable lignocellulosic substrate sources for mycelium growth of both oyster mushrooms.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.134-138
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• 2017

양송이의 국내 생산량은 9,732톤으로 5번째로 가장 많이 생산되는 버섯이다. 양송이가 속한 주름버섯속은 리그노셀룰로오스 분해력을 가진 버섯으로 알려져 있다. 양송이의 영양생장과 생식생장동안 기본적으로 셀룰로오스, 해미셀룰로오스, 리그닌 성분의 분해는 변화한다. 우리는 양송이에서 celluase, xylanase, ligninolytic enzyme의 세포외효소 활성도로 효과적인 생물학적 분해력을 가진 균주를 선발하였다. 각 효소의 생물학적 분해는 0.5% CMC-MMP ((malt-mops-peptone), 0.5% Xylan-MMP, 0.5% ligin-MMP 배지에서 14일 동안 균주들을 배양하여 측정하였다. 그리고 배양된 균사체는 0.2% trypan blue에 염색되었다. MMP배지내 각 효소의 생물학적 분해의 효율성에 따라 선발된 균주 18점은 6개로 그룹화되었다. 또한 이 균주들은 볏짚발효퇴비배지에서의 균사생장과 세포외효소 활성도의 연관성을 알아보기 위해 볏짚발효퇴비배지에서 10일, 20일 각각 배양되었다. 본 연구로 ligninolytic enzyme 활성도가 볏짚발효퇴비배지에서의 균사배양과 상관도가 가장 높아 균주내 ligninolytic enzyme의 활성도 비교로 볏짚발효퇴비배지에서 균사배양이 우수한 균주를 간단하게 선발 할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.674-683
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• 2019

Some species of the Trichoderma genus are reported as the major problem in oak wood mushroom production in Korea. In spite of economic loss by the fungi, scientific information on airborne Trichoderma species is not much available. To generate information for disease management development we analyzed airborne Trichoderma. A total of 1,063 fungal isolates were purely obtained from indoor air sampling of cultivation houses used for oak wood mushroom using sawdust media. Among the obtained isolates, 248 isolates were identified as Trichoderma fungi including T. harzianum, T. atroviride, T. citrinoviride, and T. pseudokoningii, by morphological and molecular analysis. T. harzianum was dominant among the four identified species. All the four Trichoderma species grew fast on solid nutrient media tested (potato dextrose agar [PDA], malt extract agar [MEA], Czapek's Dox + yeast extract agar [CYA] and cornmeal dextrose agar). Compact mycelia growth and mass spore production were better on PDA and CYA. In addition, T. harzianum and T. citrinoviride formed greenish and yellowish mycelium and spores on PDA and CYA. Greenish and yellowish pigment was saturated into PDA only by T. pseudokoningii. These four Trichoderma species could produce extracellular enzymes of sawdust substrate degradation such as β-glucosidase, avicelase, CM-cellulase, amylase, pectinase, xylanase, and protease. Their mycelia inhibited the growth of oak wood mushroom mycelia of two tested cultivars on dual culture assay. Among of eleven antifungal agents tested, benomyl was the best to inhibit the growth of the four Trichoderma species. Our results demonstrate that the airborne Trichoderma fungi need to be properly managed in the cultivation houses for safe mushroom production.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.92-95
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• 2011

Lignosus rhinocerus is a macrofungus that belongs to Polyporaceae and is native to tropical regions. This highly priced mushroom has been used as folk medicine to treat diseases by indigenous people. As a preliminary study to develop a culture method for edible mushrooms, the cultural characteristics of L. rhinocerus were investigated in a range of culture media under different environmental conditions. Mycelial growth of this mushroom was compared on culture media composed of various carbon and nitrogen sources in addition to C/N ratios. The optimal conditions for mycelial growth were $30^{\circ}C$ at pH 6 and 7. Rapid mycelial growth of L. rhinocerus was observed on glucose-peptone and yeast extract peptone dextrose media. Carbon and nitrogen sources promoting mycelial growth of L. rhinocerus were glucose and potassium nitrate, respectively. The optimum C/N ratio was approximately 10 : 1 using 2% glucose supplemented as a carbon source in the basal media.