• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.172-187
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• 2004

Objectives : To characterize four types of obesity and to effectively improve the treatment of obesity through Oriental medicine Methods : At 00 Oriental Medical Center, 203 female subjects who intented to lose weight were requested to complete a questionnaire. These participants were also given physical tests. The Questionnaire consisted of questions both about general life style and obesity in oriental medicine framework. The physical tests were blood tests, a body composition via Inbody 2.0, and physical strength tests. One-way analysis of variance was done to compare the means of items and physical tests between four types of obesity. Duncan was used by post hoc test. Results : 1. Significant differences between obesity type III and obesity type IV in ever tried to lose weight, childhood obesity and excercise times were observed in the questionnaire of general life style(p<0.05). 2. Ducan test showed significant differences between four obesity types in diseases (p<0.05). 3. Significant differences between four obesity types in height, % body fat muscular endurance, soft lean mass, fat mass, Trigliceride, Total cholesterol and ${\gamma}-GTP$ were observed (p<0.05). Conclusions : Further clinical research is necessary in the four types of obesity explored. The diagnosis and treatment based on these types should be further studied.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2020

Objective: Shoes midsole are crucial for reducing impact forces on the lower extremity when someone is running. Previous studies report that the cushioning of running shoes make it possible to use less muscular energies. However, the well cushioned shoes result in energy loss as the shoe midsole is compressed. Cushioning reduces the load on the body, it also results in the use of more muscle energy to create propulsion force. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the difference of shoe hardness & resilience on the running. Method: Shoes midsole are crucial for reducing impact forces on the lower extremity when someone is running. Previous studies report that the cushioning of running shoes make it possible to use less muscular energies. However, the well cushioned shoes result in energy loss as the shoe midsole is compressed. Cushioning reduces the load on the body, it also results in the use of more muscle energy to create propulsion force. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the difference of shoe hardness & resilience on the running. Results: In vastus lateralis muscle Activation, Type 55 were significantly higher for Type 50 and X (p=0.019, p=0.045). In Gluteus Maximus muscle activation, Type 55 was significantly lower for type 50 (p=0.005). In loading late, Type 55 and X were significantly higher for type 45 (p=0.008, p=0.006). Conclusion: The components of a shoe are very complex, and there can be many differences in manufacturing as well. Although some differences can be found in the biomechanical variables of the high elastic midsole, it is difficult to interpret the performance enhancement and injury prevention.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.559-570
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• 2003

The focus of this research was concerned with studying lower body type for Korean adult males. To understand the features of men's lower body required to organize an optimal sizing system for men's tight-fit slacks, information from the measuring values based on research on the physical standard of the nation(l997) were summarized; in addition, a factor analysis and a cluster analysis among multivariate analyses were performed. In terms of the need for appropriate fit in motorcycle wear, basic lower body parts applying to each item had to be taken into consideration to enhance sizing suitability. In the case of the length of the lower limbs, the inclusion of protectors plays an important role in affecting sizing. The factors related to the lower body were defined as follows: Factor 1 was the vertical dimension of the lower body, Factor 2 was the horizontal dimension of waist and hip, Factor 3 was the horizontal dimension of the lower limbs, Factor 4 was the length of hips, and Factor 5 was the ankle height. The lower body part was also divided into 3 clusters. Cluster 1 referred to the smallest stature and skeleton structure among the 3 body types. Cluster 2 represented the biggest stature, with a thin lower limbs body type. Cluster 3 represented a medium stature but with a large skeleton structure of lower limbs, a muscular type. In conclusion, Cluster 2 appeared most in the 20s age groups, but Cluster 3 appeared most in each of the 30s, 40's, and 50's age groups.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.849-859
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• 2023

Objective: The prognostic value of the volume and density of skeletal muscles in the abdominal waist of patients with colon cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the automated computed tomography (CT)-based volume and density of the muscle in the abdominal waist and survival outcomes in patients with colon cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 474 patients with colon cancer who underwent surgery with curative intent between January 2010 and October 2017. Volumetric skeletal muscle index and muscular density were measured at the abdominal waist using artificial intelligence (AI)-based volumetric segmentation of body composition on preoperative pre-contrast CT images. Patients were grouped based on their skeletal muscle index (sarcopenia vs. not) and muscular density (myosteatosis vs. not) values and combinations (normal, sarcopenia alone, myosteatosis alone, and combined sarcopenia and myosteatosis). Postsurgical disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using univariable and multivariable analyses, including multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: Univariable analysis showed that DFS and OS were significantly worse for the sarcopenia group than for the non-sarcopenia group (P = 0.044 and P = 0.003, respectively, by log-rank test) and for the myosteatosis group than for the non-myosteatosis group (P < 0.001 by log-rank test for all). In the multivariable analysis, the myosteatotic muscle type was associated with worse DFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.89 [95% confidence interval, 1.25-2.86]; P = 0.003) and OS (aHR, 1.90 [95% confidence interval, 1.84-3.04]; P = 0.008) than the normal muscle type. The combined muscle type showed worse OS than the normal muscle type (aHR, 1.95 [95% confidence interval, 1.08-3.54]; P = 0.027). Conclusion: Preoperative volumetric sarcopenia and myosteatosis, automatically assessed from pre-contrast CT scans using AI-based software, adversely affect survival outcomes in patients with colon cancer.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제23권60호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2000

A biomechanical model of lower extremity in seated postures was developed to assess muscular activities of lower extremity involved in a variety of foot pedal operations. The model incorporated four rigid body segments with the twenty-four muscles to represent lower extremity This study deals with quasi-static movement to investigate dynamic movement effect in seated foot operation. It is found that optimization method which has been used for modeling the articulated body segments does not predict the forces generated from biarticular muscles and antagonistic muscles reasonably. So, the revised nonlinear optimization scheme was employed to consider the synergistic effects of biarticular muscles and the antagonistic muscle effects from the stabilization of the joint. For the model validation, three male subjects performed the experiments in which EMG activities of the nine lower extremity muscles were measured. Predicted muscle forces were compared with the corresponding EMG amplitudes and it showed no statistical difference. For the selection of optimal seated posture, a physiological meaningful criterion was developed for muscular load sharing developed. For exertion levels, the transition point of type F motor unit of each muscle is inferred by analyzing the electromyogram at the seated postures. Also, for predetermined seated foot operations exertion levels, the recruitment pattern is identified in the continuous exertion, by analyzing the electromyogram changes due to the accumulated muscle fatigue.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of short-term undernutrition on muscle weight and Type I and II fiber cross-sectional area of hindlimb muscles in undernourished rats. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of two groups: The undernourished (UN) group (n=9) and the control (C) group (n=9). A control group was allowed to have water and pellet ad libitum for 5 days. Undernutrition was induced by providing 32% of total intake of the control group for 5 days. Body weight of two groups and food intake of the control group were measured every day. At 6 days all rats were anesthetized and soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles, and liver were dissected. Body weight, food intake, muscle weight, liver weight and cross-sectional area were determined. Results: The UN group at 6 days after undernutrition showed significant decreases, as compared to the control group in body weight, liver weight, muscle weight of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius, and Type I fiber cross-sectional area of soleus and gastrocnemius muscles and Type II fiber cross-sectional area of plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles. Conclusion: Hindlimb muscle atrophy occurs from the short-term undernutrition.

• 복식
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2013

In this study, the image of the male body represented in fashion advertisement is analyzed based on discourses on the male body. Fashion brand advertisements, which emphasized the images of the male body, were selected from two magazines: GQ, a men's magazine, and VOGUE, a representative women's magazine. The published dates of the selected images were from Feb. 2010 to Oct. 2012, and these images were used for the analysis. The study results of the discourse on the male body appearing in fashion advertisement based on the discussion of changing masculinity suggests the following 4 features: i) macho, powerful and muscular male representing the hegemonic manhood; ii) refined and decorated male representing the wealthy and disengaged figure of a successful businessman; iii) androgynous male represented by the deconstruction of masculinity and femininity embedded in gender; iv) as an aesthetic object, the male with sex role of changed from a subject to an ornament, whose body becomes the object of voyeuristic view. This study tried to grasp the ideal and modern masculinity, and in particular, attempted to offer suggestions in different approaches to the male body image depending on the consumer type in order to enhance the brand image. This new masculinity is thought to be a foundation on which the advertisement and products suitable for the demands of future customers can be produced.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of daily exercise before steroid treatment on mass, the type I and II fiber cross-sectional area, and myofibrillar protein content of hindlimb muscles in a rat model. Method: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group(n=10) that had a normal saline injection for 7days, a steroid group(n=10) that had a steroid injection for 7days, and an exercise-steroid group(n=10) that ran on the treadmill for 7days before a steroid treatment. Body weight and food intake were measured every day. At 15 days all rats were anesthetized and the soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles were dissected. Result: The exercise-steroid group showed significant increases as compared with the steroid group in body weight, muscle weight of the soleus and gastrocnemius, type II muscle fiber cross-sectional area of plantaris, and myofibrillar protein content of the soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius. As compared with the control group, the steroid group showed significant decreases in body weight and diet intake, muscle weight, the type II fiber cross-sectional area and myofibrillar protein content of the soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles. Conclusion: Daily exercise before steroid treatment attenuates hindlimb muscle atrophy, with type II muscle changes more apparent than type I muscle changes.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2017

본 연구는 골관절염을 앓고 있는 여성을 대상으로 24주간의 수동적 수중재활운동을 통하여 효율적인 골관절염 예방 재활 프로그램 및 운동처방의 양식에 지침을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 대상자는 K 정형외과 전문의에게 골관절염이라는 진단 받고 골관절염으로 인한 통증으로 병원을 3회 이상 내원한 자 중 실험군은 수동적 수중재활 운동집단(CG, n=10)과 비교군(AREG, n=10)으로 선정하였다. 연구결과 집단 내 좌우 어깨 높이(shoulder height) 변화는 수동적 수중재활운동군에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.001). 집단 내 좌우 견갑골 하각 무늬의(sacpula patterns inferior) 변화는 수동적 수중재활운동군에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.001). 집단 내 좌우 골반 하각 무늬의(pelvis patterns inferior) 변화는 수동적 수중재활운동군에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.001).

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제20권spc1호
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• pp.76-89
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• 2024

This study investigates the impact of standardized underground logistics conainers on lower body muscle activation during warehouse tasks, comparing conventional roll containers(A type) with newly developed ones(B type). Through a detailed experimental setup involving electromyography(EMG) and tensiomyography(TMG), muscle activities of the lower limbs were quantitatively analyzed during loading unloading and transporting tasks. Results indicated no significant difference in muscle activation patters between the two rolltainer types, suggesting that the dimensions of these containers do not critically affect the muscular strain and workload. Furthermore, the TMG analysis revealed that muscle contraction velocity(Vc) increased in certain muscles when using the B-type rolltainer, indicating a potential for more efficient muscle engagement without increasing fatigue. This research underscores the importance of ergonomic considerations in the design of logistics equipment and suggests that further studies should focus on optimizing the interaction between human operators and logistical systems to enhance safety and efficiency in warehouse operations.