• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.331-338
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to obtain the virus free plants through meristem culture of carnation (Dianthus caryophillus). Four cultivars (Roland, Desio, Casha, Giant Gipsy) were collected for materials. The apical meristem 0.3-0.5mm in size was cultured on MS medium containing 3% sucrose, 0.9% agar at pH 5.8 with various plant growth regulators for 7 weeks. Among the cultivars, Giant Gipsy had a better response than other cultivars in shoot formation and reduced vitrification. Callus induction and shoot formation from the meristem culture were influenced by the various kinds of cytokine. Kinetin supplement was the most effective for shoot formation and NAA addition was good for callus induction among the treatments. Total 115 plantlets derived from apical meristem culture were checked for CarMV and CarRSV infection by ELISA test. Among them, 40 plantlets (34.8%) were infected with CarMV but not detected for CarRSV.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 1995

Physiologically modified stem nodes derived from ex vitro and in vivo explants of hybrid aspen (Populus alba L.X P.grandidentata Michx. 'Crandon') were tested for their multiple shoot regeneration capacity using a broad spectrum dosage of cytokinins. Ex vitro derived stem nodes with excised axillary buds at the time of culture produced 11 to 13 multiple shoots on 20 to 30 $\mu$M zeatin containing Woody Plant Medium (WPM) after 6 weeks. Excision of axillary bud sprouts after 2 weeks of culture and culture of the remaining stem nodes on WPM with 1.0 to 2.0 $\mu$M BA or 10 to 30 $\mu$M zeatin produced 13 to 15 and 7 to 8 shoots per explant, respectively, Multiple tiny shoots were produced when in vivo derived stem nodes (on which all leaves were removed) were cultured on WPM with 30 to 50 $\mu$M 2iP or 20 to 50 $\mu$M zeatin. The greatest number of multiple tiny shoot proliferation (32 to 50 shoots per explant) were obtained when the explants were cultured on media containing 20 $\mu$M zeatin. Successful transplanting of these multiple shoots into the greenhouse and/or nursery was achieved.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.93-97
• /
• 1999

Shoot tips with 2 leaf primordia were cultured to induce shoot primordia in MS liquid medium supplemented with several concentrations of BA and hIAA under the conditions of 10,000 lux illuminations for 24 h and of vertical shaking of 2 rpm in carrot. Two F$_1$ hybrids and two male sterility lines were used. Shoot primordia were only induced in the medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L of BA and 0.2 mg/L of NAA. Genotypic specificity and seasonal effect of donor parents on shoot primordia induction were not observed and average 15-20% of the planted dornes developed to shoot primordia. The induced shoot primordia were successfully propagated by subculture in the same medium. However, they were grown into three different types during multiplication, that is, the type with multiple small shoots on the surface, the type of without any shoot, and the type of callus. Shoot primordia clusters with small shoots on the surface differentiated multiple shoots successfully in 1/2 MS solid medium supplemented with 0.2 to 1.0 mg/L of IAA and 0.2 to 1.0 mg/L of kinetin. New shoot primordia with small shoots were well formed when pieces bigger than 2 mm in diameter of the out layer of the shoot primordia cluster with small shoots were subcultured. No differences of multiplication and shooting ability and chromosomal variation of shoot primordia were observed until the 13th sub-culture.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.104-109
• /
• 2016

Rosa rugosa is a medicinal, ornamental, and edible plant native to Eastern Asian countries, including Korea, Japan, and China. The aim of this study was to establish a system for biomass production and secondary metabolite accumulation during in vitro culture and acclimatization of Rosa rugosa. The highest rate of multiple shoot proliferation was achieved with $8.8{\mu}M$ benzyladenine (BA) (83.3%). However, the number of shoots (14.4 per explant) at $4.4{\mu}M$ BA was higher than that at $8.8{\mu}M$ BA. Compared to BA, a combination of thidiazuron (TDZ) and indole butyric acid (IBA) exhibited significantly lower shoot induction, with only 50.0~79.2% and 4.2~16.7% relative shoot formation, respectively. During acclimatization, shoots were sampled every week and their total phenolic contents were analyzed. Among various growth factors, fresh weight showed the most dramatic increase from the 3rd week (88.0 mg/plant) to 4th week (132.7 mg/plant). Total phenolics and flavonoids contents were the highest at $1^{st}$ week of acclimatization. Depending on developmental stages, total phenolics and flavonoids contents were higher in 1-yr-old shoots grown ex vitro than in those of older field-grown or in vitro-grown plants. Amongst different ages of field grown plants, 6-year-old plants, the oldest in this study, showed the lowest content in total phenolics.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2003

A method for rapid propagation of mature Jack fruit was developed. Four types of explants (mature embryos, apical meristems of young seedlings, apices from mature plants and nodal segments) were used. It has been found 88% of young apical meristems produced shoots in Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium compared to 60% in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Only 1/3 of them produced multiple shoots. Shoot idtiation from nodal segments was very rare. Mature apices produced callus. Although removed of the sheathing cover around mature buds enhanced the shoot initiation but success rate was low in growth regulator free medium. Embryos respond to the CD medium but not to the MS medium. Embryos from seeds soaked in water for 24 hours produced shoots after 8 weeks of incubation and the success rate was 70% while embryos from dry seeds only produced roots. There was no significant effect of cold storage (refrigeration) for 7 days on shoot initiation from mature embryos (65%) but the ability for shoot induction declines with storage time (55% after 21 days of cold storage). Mature axillary buds were established in Modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium supplemented with 0.5mg/1 and IBA. There was a significant difference in the growth performance of shoots according to the period of the year in which explants were collected. Highest (60%) was observed in November-January period. It was only 30% when the explants were collected in February-April or May-July and decreased to 20% in August-October. The shoots produced in November-January showed a higher vigor than those produced in other months. Since Jak fruit show seasonal changes in fruit bearing and shedding of leaves, it can be suggested that the difference in growth performances of tissues cultured in artificial culture media would have been affected by endogenous rhythms.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.479-484
• /
• 2000

This study was conducted to examine the effects of explant sources and plant growth regulators on mass propagation of Cyclamen persicum. Tuber, cotyledon, and petiole tissues were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Shoots were not induced from calli on cotyledon and petiole explants cultured on MS medium containing various concentrations of 2,4-D or NAA. However, multiple shoots were formed directly from tuber explants cultured on the medium containing 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D or NAA. In MS medium with cytokinin alone, TDZ was more effective in shoot formation than BA or kinetin in all explants. The combinations of NAA and BA was found to be most effective in shoot formation from tuber, cotyledon and petiole explants. Especially, shoots were formed from all the tuber explants on the medium containing 0.5 mg/L of NAA and BA. Hormonal effects on root formation were examined by subculturing single shoots on MS medium containing NAA or IBA. The medium with 0.5 mg/L IBA was most effective in root induction and subsequent plantlet regeneration.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 2007

In vitro shoot regeneration and multiple shoot induction has been obtained from the stolen node explants in Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. The highest number of shoots ($10.66{\pm}0.21$) was observed from initial explants after one month culture duration on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 6-benzyladenine (BA: 0.5 mg/l). First generation shoot was excised and sub-cultured on the same fresh media for further multiplication of shoots. An enhanced number of second round shoots ($15.33{\pm}0.21$) was obtained compared to the initial culture media containing BA (0.5 mg/l). The number of shoots/stolon node was higher among all the concentrations of BA than kinetin (KN). In vitro regenerated shoots were successfully rooted in the phytohormone free MS medium. Plantlets generated with roots were transferred to pots containing compound mixture of soil and kept in green house conditions. Acclimatized plants showed 100% survival rate with normal morphology in green house conditions. The present study demonstrates the effect of explant and different plant growth regulators towards in vitro response in E. ophiuroides. Moreover, the study reveals the effect of cytokinin on induction of shoot number per stolen node explant in E. ophiuroides.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 2020

This is the first study to establish a complete protocol for micropropagation of Rehmannia glutinosa from root segments. The study involved investigating the effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro shoot regeneration and rooting and identifying substrates supporting survival and growth performance of ex vitro seedlings. A Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 30 g/L sucrose for shoot induction and 0.2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 1 g/L polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for shoot multiplication resulted in the highest number of shoots per explant and shoot height. Applying a medium containing 0.5 mg/L IAA and 1 g/L PVP yielded optimal rooting of the shoots grown in vitro. Compost enriched with microbial inoculants and perlite enhanced seedling growth better than that with organic biofertilizer-free substrates (soil and sand). We recommend the continuous production of micropropagated R. glutinosa seedlings from root segments under the aforementioned conditions as a possible propagation technique for crops of this species.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2006

In vitro mass multiplication of Vanilla planifolia was investigated using node as explant. Multiple shoots were developed in MS medium supplemented with $2.0mgl^{-1}$ 6-benzylaminopurine and $1.0mgl^{-1}$ $\alpha$-naphthalene acetic acid. Multiple shoots were maintained for 6-T weeks with regular subculturing at the end of $3^{rd}$ week onto fresh medium. The maximum number of shoots at the rate of 12.8 per node segment was achieved over a period of four weeks. The elongated shoots were separated from the shoot clusters and were transferred onto half strength MS medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid ($1.0mgl^{-1}$) over a period of 28 days for induction of roots. The development of roots was observed on $7^{th}$ day of incubation. The in vitro raised plantlets were transferred to poly-cups, covered with polyethylene sheets and maintained under shade net for 25 days for hardening. Finally these plants were transferred to field and recorded that 85 % of tissue cultured plants were survived. From the present study, a simple and efficient micropropagation protocol was developed for Vanilla planifolia using single node segments as explants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.51-54
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to examine differences in shoot regeneration among chrysanthemum cultivars. Leaf explants of chrysanthemum cultivars 'Sulhwa', 'Puma', 'Geummokseo' and 'Sulpoong' were used. Explants cultured on the medium for 2 weeks formed calli at the cut surfaces. Shoots regenerated on MS basal medium supplemented with various concentration combinations of NAA and BAP. Explants were cultured under cool-white fluorescent lamps with a light intensity of $40\mu{Mm}^{-2}$.$s^{-1}$ for 16 $hday^{-1}$, at $25^{\circ}c$ and 70-80% relative humidity. 'Geummokseo' and 'Sulpoong' were the most responsive cultivars in shoot regeneration. Most effective medium for 'Sulhwa' and 'Puma' was MS basal medium supplemented with 10.0 $\mu{M}$ NAA and 5.0 $\mu{M}$ BAP and for 'Geummokseo' MS supplemented with 10.0$\mu{M}$ NAA and 20.0$\mu{M}$ BAP. Regeneration of multiple shoots was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0$\mu{M}$ or 10.0 $\mu{M}$ NAA and 5.0$\mu{M}$ BAP. High frequency regeneration of adventitious shoots from leaf explants and efficient induction of root from these regenerated shoots were obtained.