• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.334-342
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• 2012

Data association is important technology which designate final destination in the target tracking. The joint probabilistic data association(JPDA) algorithm provides excellent ability to maintain track on multiple targets. Currently, it is not easily implemented in real time because of track coalescence & switch. The aim of this paper is to develop probabilistic filters that increase JPDA's sensitivity and decrease track coalescence & switch in a cluttered environments.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.154-161
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• 2010

This paper considers the simultaneously firing model for the artillery operations. The objective of this paper is to find the optimal fire sequence minimizing the final completion time of the firing missions of multiple artillery units for multiple targets. In the problem analysis, we derive several solution properties to reduce the solution space. Moreover, two lower bounds of objective are derived and tested along with the derived properties within a branch-and-bound scheme. Two efficient heuristic algorithms are also developed. The overall performances of the proposed branch-and-bound and heuristic algorithms are evaluated through various numerical experiments.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.592-603
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• 2018

In order to obtain better target identification performance, an efficient waveform design method with high range resolution and low sidelobe level for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is proposed in this paper. First, the wideband CP-based OFDM signal is transmitted on each antenna to guarantee large bandwidth and high range resolution. Next, a complex orthogonal design (COD) is utilized to achieve code domain orthogonality among antennas, so that the spatial diversity can be obtained in MIMO radar, and only the range sidelobe on the first antenna needs suppressing. Furthermore, sidelobe suppression is expressed as an optimization problem. The integrated sidelobe level (ISL) is adopted to construct the objective function, which is solved using the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) algorithm. The numerical results demonstrate the superiority in performance (high resolution, strict orthogonality, and low sidelobe level) of the proposed method compared to existing algorithms.

• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.7
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• pp.338-345
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• 2013

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting the 3'-untranslated region of multiple target genes. Pathogenesis results from defects in several gene sets; therefore, disease progression could be prevented using miRNAs targeting multiple genes. Moreover, recent studies suggest that miRNAs reflect the stage of the specific disease, such as carcinogenesis. Cystic diseases, including polycystic kidney disease, polycystic liver disease, pancreatic cystic disease, and ovarian cystic disease, have common processes of cyst formation in the specific organ. Specifically, epithelial cells initiate abnormal cell proliferation and apoptosis as a result of alterations to key genes. Cysts are caused by fluid accumulation in the lumen. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying cyst formation and progression remain unclear. This review aims to introduce the key miRNAs related to cyst formation, and we suggest that miRNAs could be useful biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in several cystic diseases.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.1068-1075
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• 2021

Wireless sensor network (WSN) can be usefully used in battlefields requiring rapid installation and operation by enabling surveillance and reconnaissance using small sensors in areas where any existing network infrastructure is not formed. As WSN uses battery, energy efficiency acts as a very important issue in network survivability. Layer-based routing protocols have been studied a lot in the aspect of energy efficiency. Many research selected LEACH and PEGASIS protocols as their comparison targets. This study examines the two protocols and LECEEP, a protocol designed by combining their advantages, and proposes a new protocol, A-LECEEP, which is more energy efficient than the others. The proposed protocol can increase energy efficiency compared to the existing ones by eliminating unnecessary transmissions with multiple chains configuration.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.1545-1550
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a method for applying the CLEAN algorithm to an minimum variance distortionless response(MVDR) to estimate the location of multiple targets distributed in the ocean. The CLEAN algorithm is easy to implement in a linear processor, yet not in a nonlinear processor. In the proposed method, the CSDM of a Dirty map is separated into the CSDM of a Clean beam and the CSDM of the Residual, then an individual ambiguity surface(AMS) is generated. As such, the CLEAN algorithm can be applied to an MVDR, a nonlinear processor. To solve the ill-conditioned problem related to the matrix inversiion by an MVDR when using the CLEAN algorithm, Singular value decomposition(SVD) is carried out, then the reciprocal of small eigenvalues is replaced with zero. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the performance of an MVDR.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Recently, Ryu et al. proposed a multiple target angle tracking algorithm using the angular innovation extracted from the estimated signal subspace. This algorithm obtains the angles of targets and associates data simultaneously. Therefore, it has a simple structure without data association problem. However it requires the calculation of the inverse of a real matrix with dimension (2N+1)${\times}$(2N+1) to obtain the angular innovations of N targets. In this paper, a new linear equation for angular innovation is proposed using the fact that the projection error is zero when the target steering vector is projected onto the signal subspace. As a result, the proposed algorithm dose not require the matrix inversion and is computationally efficient.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.517-529
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• 2020

Carboxyl-terminal binding proteins (CtBPs) are transcription regulators that control gene expression in multiple cellular processes. Our recent findings indicated that overexpression of CtBP2 caused the repression of multiple bone development and differentiation genes, resulting in atrophic nonunion. Therefore, disrupting the CtBP2-associated transcriptional complex with small molecules may be an effective strategy to prevent nonunion. In the present study, we developed an in vitro screening system in yeast cells to identify small molecules capable of disrupting the CtBP2-p300 interaction. Herein, we focus our studies on revealing the in vitro and in vivo effects of a small molecule NSM00158, which showed the strongest inhibition of the CtBP2-p300 interaction in vitro. Our results indicated that NSM00158 could specifically disrupt CtBP2 function and cause the disassociation of the CtBP2-p300-Runx2 complex. The impairment of this complex led to failed binding of Runx2 to its downstream targets, causing their upregulation. Using a mouse fracture model, we evaluated the in vivo effect of NSM00158 on preventing nonunion. Consistent with the in vitro results, the NSM00158 treatment resulted in the upregulation of Runx2 downstream targets. Importantly, we found that the administration of NSM00158 could prevent the occurrence of nonunion. Our results suggest that NSM00158 represents a new potential compound to prevent the occurrence of nonunion by disrupting CtBP2 function and impairing the assembly of the CtBP2-p300-Runx2 transcriptional complex.

• Advances in robotics research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.45-57
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• 2018

Even though the popularity of projection mapping continues to increase and it is being implemented in more and more settings, most current projection mapping systems are limited to special purposes, such as outdoor events, live theater and musical performances. This lack of versatility arises from the large number of projectors needed and their proper calibration. Furthermore, we cannot change the positions and poses of projectors, or their projection targets, after the projectors have been calibrated. To overcome these problems, we propose a projection mapping method using a projector robot that can perform projection mapping in more general or ubiquitous situations, such as shopping malls. We can estimate a projector's position and pose with the robot's self-localization sensors, but the accuracy of this approach remains inadequate for projection mapping. Consequently, the proposed method solves this problem by combining self-localization by robot sensors with position and pose estimation of projection targets based on a 3D model. We first obtain the projection target's 3D model and then use it to accurately estimate the target's position and pose and thus achieve accurate projection mapping with a projector robot. In addition, our proposed method performs accurate projection mapping even after a projection target has been moved, which often occur in shopping malls. In this paper, we employ Ubiquitous Display (UD), which we are researching as a projector robot, to experimentally evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.102-107
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• 2013

Objective : The Leksell Gamma Knife$^{(R)}$ (LGK) is based on a single-fraction high dose treatment strategy. Therefore, independent verification of the Leksell GammaPlan$^{(R)}$ (LGP) is important for ensuring patient safety and minimizing the risk of treatment errors. Although several verification techniques have been previously developed and reported, no method has ever been tested statistically on multiple LGK target treatments. The purpose of this study was to perform and to evaluate the accuracy of a verification method (modified variable ellipsoid modeling technique, MVEMT) for multiple target treatments. Methods : A total of 500 locations in 10 consecutive patients with multiple brain tumor targets were included in this study. We compared the data from an LGP planning system and MVEMT in terms of dose at random points, maximal dose points, and target volumes. All data was analyzed by t-test and the Bland-Altman plot, which are statistical methods used to compare two different measurement techniques. Results : No statistical difference in dose at the 500 random points was observed between LGP and MVEMT. Differences in maximal dose ranged from -2.4% to 6.1%. An average distance of 1.6 mm between the maximal dose points was observed when comparing the two methods. Conclusion : Statistical analyses demonstrated that MVEMT was in excellent agreement with LGP when planning for radiosurgery involving multiple target treatments. MVEMT is a useful, independent tool for planning multiple target treatment that provides statistically identical data to that produced by LGP. Findings from the present study indicate that MVEMT can be used as a reference dose verification system for multiple tumors.