• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.699-712
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was 1) to identify the constructing factors of jeans brand image 2) to analyze the domestic jeans market using perceptual maps of three benefit segments based on stdy(I). The questionnaire consisted of brand preference, attribute of brand image and wearer image was selected from the previous studies or developed for this study. The subjects were 350 male and female university students who have purchased at least one of the nine jeans wear brand selected for the study. For statistical analysis, reliability test, factor analysis, MANOVA, and multiple regression were used. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Symbolism, quality, and economy were found out as constricting factors of brand image in the attribute dimensions, while innovative and active image were found out in the wearer image dimensions. 2. 9 Perceptual maps of attribute dimensions and 3 perceptual maps of wearer image dimensions were constructed and each ideal vector was drawn.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.12-24
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of consumption experience on customer satisfaction and customer happiness for dessert cafe. The survey was conducted with those who have visited dessert cafes in Seoul and Kyonggi area, using a convenience sampling method. After a total of 200 responses was collected, 172 responses were included for the multiple regression analyses in order to test the hypotheses. The results are as follows. First, it was found that consumption experience did not have an effect on customer satisfaction for dessert cafes. Second, the consumption experience (diversity, symbolism, sociality, and playfulness) of dessert cafe significantly impacted customer happiness. As a conclusion, consumption experience at dessert cafes has increased customer happiness by improving the psychological gratification rather than cognitive satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.245-256
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• 1996

The purpose of this study were 1) to understand clothing involvement and body cathexis of elderly women, 2) to examine differences between store atmosphere factor on clothing involvement and body cathexis, 3) to find out its relationship with clothing involvement and body cathexis. Data were collected by questionnaire of 248 elderly women. Frequency, factor analysis, Chi-square, t-test, F-test, F-test, correlation and Duncan's multiple range test were used in data analysis. As a result, 1) clothing involvement of elderly women were classified with importance, fashion and interest, symbolism factor and there was significant differences with display, comfort, interior, convenience factor. 2) Elderly women were not satisfied with their body sufficiently and there was significant differences only display factor(store location, show window, display). 3) Clothing involvement was significant differences variables were found in relationship to body cathexis except income. 4) There was positive correlation between clothing involvement and body cathexis. The higher body cathexis, the more interest clothing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.182-189
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• 2015

This study assessed the effect of color marketing in the RTD coffee industry in Korea. In order to investigate the effect of color marketing, this study measured the characteristics of color marketing as well as brand image and attitude in accordance with behavioral intention to purchase. Data were collected using questionnaires, and a total of 310 questionnaires were distributed with 298 entered for data analysis. Frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation, and multiple regression analysis were tested using SPSS. A total of seven factors were extracted, including brand attitude, purchase intention, association, identification, brand awareness, symbolism, and attention. Significances were found between brand awareness and identification (p<0.001) and attention (p<0.001). In the relationship between characteristics of colors and brand attitude, significances were found in identification (p<0.001), attention (p<0.001), and association (p<0.001). Further, brand attitude and brand awareness had a significant positive effect on purchasing intention of RTD coffee. Results of this study suggested that color marketing is a good marketing tool to persuade potential consumers to purchase RTD coffee based on brand attitude and brand awareness.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.373-382
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• 2014

This study was explored the relationship of fit-related factors and, clothing evaluation criteria to clothing satisfaction. A total of 247 completed responses were obtained from a convenient sample of female students in their twenties. The statistical analysis methods included factor analysis, an ANOVA, and a multiple regression analysis. First, clothing evaluation criteria included practicality, product trait, and symbolism. Second, a comparison of clothing evaluation criteria and clothing satisfaction in groups divided by fit-related factors showed significant differences. In particular, the fat body type group showed higher level of the product trait and the thin body type group showed lower level of clothing satisfaction. The high activity group showed higher levels of clothing evaluation criteria and lower level of clothing satisfaction. Third, body type perception (-) and activity importance (-), fit-related factors, and practicality (+), clothing evaluation criterion had significant effects on clothing satisfaction. Therefore, These results suggest that fashion firms should make efficient use of fit-related factors and clothing evaluation criteria to enhance consumers' clothing satisfaction and to stimulate their purchase intention toward fashion goods.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.81-92
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• 2021

Purpose - Work stress environment is expanding alongside the speed of worldwide change and psychological well-being concerns are coming about because pressure over-burden can bring about lost workdays, lower representative usefulness, and high occupation turnover rates. For this reason, this study investigates to provide how practitioners can manage employee work stress using health psychology based on prior studies. Research design, Data, and methodology - Qualitative textual research involves collecting and analyzing various non-numeric data to establish different concepts or opinions in prior literature. That means that the present researcher carried out qualitative research in multiple ways, investigating many kinds of previous textual data, such as prior published peer-reviewed resources and case studies analysis. Result - The results revealed that directed symbolism has been displayed to improve prosperity and tranquility among employees with an assortment of persistent infections. Like diaphragmatic breathing, reflection practices consolidate zeroing in on a particular article or sensation (like breathing) while at the same time separating from other distracters and controlling inward encounters (for example, feelings, musings) through non-critical acknowledgment. Conclusion - This research proposes that intellectual rebuilding or figuring out how to perceive maladaptive musings and change them to reflect more versatile; judicious idea examples can fundamentally further develop temperament, diminish pressure, and reduction negative feelings for employees.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.4
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• pp.123-146
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• 2002

[ $\lceil$ ]The Life of Pigeons$\rfloor$ consists of seven different canvases without a leading image It contains fragments of disassociated ordinary subjects from a capitalistic and consuming society. In this respect, the text itself attains multiple meanings throughout with inner disharmony, disassociation and relationships of differences. The divided seven images look as if they are connected as one and are connected events that are happening at the same time and in similar places. A liberal interpretation of this work is given to viewers when the seven canvases have both relations and gaps at the same time. $\lceil$The Life of Pigeons$\rfloor$ attempts the viewer's disruption through its middle stratum of meaning structure, which is a device for viewers to rearrange and deeply analyze the seven images. As a result, the artist allows the viewers to get lost in self-contradiction. A fundamental formal structure adopting post-modernism and abandoning modernism is what we can detect with detailed analysis of the work. For instance, changing surface style appears by dividing or putting images in obliquely, furthermore it clearly shows that the main subject is divided in form such as the subject's division into seven spaces. There are three major characteristics. First, the form of the images is divided and composed through oblique and overlapped images. Second, the main content of the subject tends to be scattered. Third, the subjects are interpreted in multiple meanings due to their allegory and symbolism. The inquiry of $\lceil$The Life of Pigeons$\rfloor$ proves that it takes a post artistic spirituality as its basis and its subjects are divided by the differences and surrounding relationships.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.2 s.74
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• pp.149-157
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify current housing status and housing awareness such as housing values, satisfaction, and preferences among households with one child. Data were obtained from a questionnaire completed by both husbands and wives living in metropolitan area and aged between 25 and 45. Selected variables were the age, education level, and employment status of housewives, ideal number of children, monthly income, plan to give birth, and so on. Using purposive sampling method, five hundred questionnaires were administered and 360 questionnaires were analyzed. In accordance with the questions related to housing values, housing satisfaction of respondents was examined. In order to compare the housing values, preferences, and satisfaction among diverse variables of respondents, mean, t-test, F test, Duncan's multiple range test, $x^2$ test, and factor analysis were used. The major findings of this study are as follows: First, there were significant differences in current housing type, tenure type, and floor area according to housewives' age, education level, monthly income, and plan to give birth. Interestingly, households not having a plan to give birth in the future were living in larger house than the households having a plan to give birth. Second, housing values of households with one child were divided into 4 factors-environmental comfort, economy and convenience, social status symbolism, and adequacy of space planning. Items related to privacy showed the biggest difference between housing values and housing satisfaction. Third, most of the respondents wanted larger house than current housing. However, the need for quality of housing including floor area and amenities was significantly higher among households not having a plan to give another birth than households having a plan to give birth in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.1285-1296
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• 2011

This study examines the effects of fashion and beauty consumption behavior on self-satisfaction. A questionnaire method was used for the study method and the subjects of the study were females in their 20s- 50s. A total of 580 sets of questionnaires were distributed and 554 sets were used for the final analysis; in addition, SPSS 12.0 statistics program was utilized for factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan test and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were: First, the factors of fashion consumption behavior are composed of physical supplementation, social symbolism, appearance styling, sexuality and conformity and those of beauty involvement consisted of hair styling, skin management, make-up and body shaping. Self-satisfaction was divided into living satisfaction, appearance satisfaction, economic satisfaction and interpersonal relations satisfaction. Second, (because of the examination of the effects of fashion consumption behavior on self-satisfaction) fashion physical supplementation and appearance styling of fashion consumption behavior influenced living satisfaction and interpersonal relations satisfaction for females in their 20s. However, fashion consumption behavior did not influence satisfaction for those in their 30s. It was shown that the social conformity factor of fashion consumption behavior influenced appearance satisfaction of self- satisfaction for those in their 40s and the conformity factor of fashion consumption behavior gave a negative influence on life satisfaction and economic satisfaction of self-satisfaction for those in their 50s. It was found (for beauty consumption behavior) that the body-shaping factor influenced economic satisfaction and interpersonal relations satisfaction of self-satisfaction for all age levels.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.77-94
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• 2020

Gugok poems were an important material for studying the Gugok landscape garden(九曲園林). the landscape feature(景物)that emerges from poetry is an important material that expresses the sense of placefulness and garden consciousness(園林意識). However, many studies are passive about plant materials that can explore the perception of nature or the aesthetic embodiment process. Therefore, this study seeks to discover various symbolic meanings and reveal the context of plants that have appeared in Gugok poems in order to expand the research material of the Gugok culture. To carry out the purpose of the study, I collected a total of 25 related poems from 18 Gugoks and found a total of 20 species of trees. I used 'R-program' to derive the meaning of trees and examined the meaning of trees by intertextuality. According to the study, the 20 species of trees contained symbolic meanings of world of Taoist hermit, pursuit of study, constancy, true pleasure, dignity, honest poverty, reign of peace, nostalgia. Many species focused on the symbolism of the 'world of Taoist hermit' and then on the 'dignity' was the most frequent. A number of species, except for the peach, zelkova and oak, had multiple meanings. Among them, pine trees and lotus had a wide range of symbolic meanings and different meanings depending on the characteristics of the surrounding landscape. While the Gugok culture generally targets natural scenery, Yongsan, Toegye, Deoksan, and Jusan showed the characteristics of strengthening or reproducing symbolic meanings through artificial plating and gardening. In order to overcome the limitations of the peach tree, which symbolizes 'Mureungdowon(武陵桃園)', Gugok poems used maple trees and reeds as alternative species. In accordance with the above context, the trees appearing in the Gugok poems expressed their symbolic meaning differently according to the landscape features, acts and purposes of the Gugoks, rather than sticking to the traditional meaning.