• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.303-306
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• 2011

System solutions for access control to the user's personal when you want to authenticate to the system is used. The valid user is really just a part of authorized users, the suitability of a valid user has been authenticated are not sure whether the problem is the fact. For example, one developer in the Unix operating system can be valid, but do not have permission to access the system should be limited for. In this paper, a single account for multiple users to use the system operational issues to improve the fine-grained delegation of authority, the session audit, the administrator account's policy-based management, with full rights the administrator account of distribution management and auditing the system overall is the study of access control measures.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.99-119
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• 2007

Estimations of wind flow over terrain are often needed for applications such as pollutant dispersion, transport safety or wind farm location. Whilst field studies offer very detailed information regarding the wind potential over a small region, the cost of instrumenting a natural fetch alone is prohibitive. Wind tunnels offer one alternative although wind tunnel simulations can suffer from scale effects and high costs as well. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) offers a second alternative which is increasingly seen as a viable one by wind engineers. There are two issues associated with CFD however, that of accuracy of the predictions and set-up and simulation times. This paper aims to address the two issues by demonstrating, by way of an investigation of wind potential for the Askervein Hill, that a good level of accuracy can be obtained with CFD (10% for the speed up ratio) and that it is possible to automate the simulations in order to compute a full wind rose efficiently. The paper shows how a combination of script and session files can be written to drive and automate CFD simulations based on commercial software. It proposes a general methodology for the automation of CFD applied to the computation of wind flow over a region of interest.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

The perspectives on aging women's financial security during their retirement years are based on their behavior, planning, and decision-making processes during their working years. Elderly women are considered vulnerable and have a longer life expectancy, lower-income, and limited financial understanding compared to males; therefore, drastic steps need to be taken to improve their financial stability and quality of life. The current study sought to determine the most important contributors to retired women's financial health by measuring the value of four factors/variables: capability, opportunity, willingness, and biopsychosocial. This study used a mixed model approach, with qualitative analysis in the first phase involving a focus group discussion session, a pilot analysis, and quantitative analysis for phase two involving the distribution and collection of questionnaires completed by retired women. The surveys were distributed across Malaysia in five distinct zones and yielded 339 usable replies to support the theory. The outcomes of the Multiple Regression Analysis in Malaysia revealed that capability, opportunity, and biopsychosocial factors are significant predictors of retired women's financial security, whereas the willingness indicator lacked statistical significance.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.423-425
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• 2023

Porokeratosis ptychotropica is an uncommon form of porokeratosis, which was initially described in 1995. It is clinically characterized by symmetrical reddish to brown-colored hyperkeratotic, verrucous, or psoriasiform plaques on the perianal and gluteal regions. The lesions tend to integrate and expand centrally, with small peripheral satellite lesions. Early skin biopsy and appropriate diagnosis are essential because malignant change occurs in 7.5% of porokeratotic lesions. Conventional treatment options include topical steroid, retinoid, imiquimod, 5-fluorouracil, isotretinoin, excimer laser, photodynamic therapy, intralesional steroid or bleomycin injection, cryotherapy, carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser, and dermatome and excision, but none seem to achieve complete clearance. A 68-year-old woman presented with diffuse hyperkeratotic scaly lichenoid plaques on the buttocks that had persisted for several years. A skin biopsy of the buttocks revealed multiple cornoid lamellae and intense hyperkeratosis. There were some dyskeratotic cells beneath the cornoid lamellae and the granular layer was absent. Porokeratosis ptychotropica was diagnosed based on the characteristic clinical appearance and typical histopathological manifestations. She was treated with a CO₂ laser in one session and topical application of urea and imiquimod cream for 1 month. The lesions slightly improved at the 1-month follow-up. We herein present a rare case of porokeratosis ptychotropica.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.429-444
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• 1999

This study was performed to explore the effects of a dance therapy on physical and psychological characteristics in the elderly. The design of this study was a non-equivalent pre-post test experiment. The subjects consisted of elderly persons living in a facility located in Suweon and Bucheon. Fifty eight subjects, aged between 65 and 93 years who had normal cognition, sensory function, balance, and resting blood pressure. They underwent tests of balance, flexibility, muscle strength, depression, and anxiety as baseline data before dance therapy, and at 6th week and at the end of the 12nd week after following dance therapy. Twenty seven elderly persons were assigned to the experimental group and participated with the dance therapy between April and July, 1998. The dance therapy was developed by the author with the help of a dance therapist and a physiatrist. This therapy was based on the Marian Chace's dance therapy and Korean traditional dance with music. The dance therapy consists of 50 minutes session, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. One session was consisted of warming-up, expression, catharsis, sharing, and closing stage. The intensity of the dance therapy was at the 40 % of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. Data were analysed with mead standard deviation, Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni multiple regression using SAS program. 1. The results related to the physical characteristics were as follows : 1) The balance (standing on one leg, walking on the balancing bar), flexibility and muscle strength (knee extensor, knee flexor, ankle plantarflexor and dorsiflexor) of the experimental subjects significantly increased over time mere than that of the control subjects. 2) The experimental group had significantly higher score for balance, flexibility, muscle strength of knee extensor, and knee flexor than the control group at the 12nd week after dance therapy. 3) The experimental group had significantly higher score for muscle strength of ankle dorsiflexor and plantarflexor than the control group at the 6th week and the 12nd week after dance therapy. 2. The results related to psychological characteristics were as follows : 1) Scores of Geriatric Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale of the experimental group were significantly decreased over time more than that of the control group. 2) The experimental group had significantly lower score for depression than the control group at the 12nd week after dance therapy. 3) The experimental group had significantly lower score for anxiety than the control group at the 6th week and the 12nd week after dance therapy. The findings showed that the dance therapy could be effective in improving the balances, flexibility, and muscle strength of lower limb, and effective in decreasing the depression and anxiety of the elderly. Additional merits of the dance therapy would be inexpensiveness, easy accessibility, and increasing interpersonal relationship. It can be suggested that the dance therapy is effective in the health promotion of the elderly.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2015

The voice communications with wireless backbone based networks are evolving into a packet switching VoIP systems. In those networks, a call processing scheme is required for management of subscribers and connection between them. A VoIP service scheme for those systems requires reliable subscriber management and connection establishment schemes, but the conventional call processing schemes based on the centralized server has lack of reliability. Thus, the mutual-backup architecture of SIP-servers is required to ensure efficient subscriber management and reliable VoIP call processing capability, and the synchronization and call processing schemes should be changed as the architecture is changed. In this paper, a mutual-backup architecture of SIP-servers is proposed for wireless backbone based networks. A message format for synchronization and information exchange between SIP servers is also proposed in the paper. This paper also proposes a FSM scheme for the fast call processing in unreliable networks to detect multiple servers at a time. The performance analysis results show that the mutual backup server architecture increases the call processing success rates than conventional centralized server architecture. Also, the FSM scheme provides the smaller call processing times than conventional SIP, and the time is not increased although the number of SIP servers in the networks is increased.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.146-153
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• 2009

Recently, the research relative to NGN(Next Generation Network) is progressing in 3GPP(The 3rd Generation Partnership Progect), IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force), and so on. Although user needs frequently mobility which is various service pattern, In accordance with the development of these various applications, IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem) and hierarchical networks ie, Femtocell/WiBro/3G etc is constructed for more user demands which provide service in anytime, anywhere. It is necessary to optimum network selection criterion which consider to wireless signal quality add to user service profile and service network traffic balance. NGN also needs a method to perform heterogeneous handover and to constraint Ping-pong phenomenon when using existing terminal-based handover decision. This paper proposes scheme for network selection and heterogeneous handover procedure in hierarchical wireless multi-access network based on SIP-MIH(Session Initiation Protocol-Media Independent Handover) with IMS by using user service profile that the considerations are dealing with not only selection and registration of various access network but also easy of developing the terminal.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.213-217
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• 2001

Excessive memory buffer requirement in continuous media playback is a serious impediment of wide spread usage of on-line multimedia service. Skewed access frequency of available video files provides an opportunity of re-using the date blocks which has been loaded by one session for later usage. We present novel algorithm which minimizes the buffer requirement in multiple sessions of multimedia playbacks. In continuous media playback originated from the disk, a certain amount of memory buffer is required to synchronize asynchronous disk. Read operation and synchronous playback operation. As aggregate playback bandwodth increases, larger amount of buffer needs to be allocated for this synchronization purpose. The focus of this work is to study the asymptotic behavior of the synchronization buffer requirement and to develop an algorithm coping with this excessive buffer requirement under bandwidth congestioon. We argue that in a large scale continuous media server, it may not be necessary to read the blocks for each session directly from the disk. The beauty of our work lies in the fact that it dynamically adapts to disk utilization of the server and finds the optimal way of servicinh the individual sessions while minimizing the overall buffer space requirement. Optimality of the proposed algorithm is shown by proof. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed scheme is examined via simulation.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2004

Relapse is one of the most series problems in alcoholics treatment. Previous studies have shown that significant proportions of treated alcoholics show an early relapse and go through a chronic phase. It is necessity to find more effective relapse prevention program. The Purpose of this study was to develop a relapse prevention program that emphasis on group activities using various action methods. Previous studies revealed that there was no effective therapeutic strategy to prevent relapse and proposed that action methods were more practical ways to be able ti cope with high-risk situation than verbal methods such as discussions and lectures. The special attempt of this program was the application of various actions methods and the integration of many psychosocial therapeutic strategies as compared with many relapse prevention programs. The theoretical framework of this relapse prevention program was based on mainly the Marlatt's Relapse Prevention model and Prochescha and DiClemente's Transtheoretical model. This Program consists of eight structure sessions. Every session has three phase: Warm-up phase, action phase, and sharing phase as sociodrama structure. Sociodrama is based on many of the principles of adult learning. And sociodrama looks at how groups work through an understanding of systems and role theory. Therefore, in working with a group a therapist might explore with them the roles that people play, roles that are missing at present such a visionary and how people can develop new roles or new ways of playing existing roles. The researchers explained the purpose of this study to all participants after their agreement to participate. Voluntary informed consent was obtained from all participants. Every session allows participants to recognize personal specific high-risk situation and to examine possible coping behaviors creatively. Multiple solutions can be proposed, tested and evaluated dramatically, giving new insights or breakthroughs in thinking. This is vital for the initiation of change, and if appropriate, expanding new role development. The first two sessions aim at understanding of relapse process and recognize of high-risk situations focused on orientation about action methods. The next four sessions deal with high-risk situations. The last two sessions give participants opportunities to venture new life-styles. The methods and approaches used in this program utilized as a tool to explore and practice possible coping strategies. and this program can contribute to prevent relapse episode if tune with the particular high-risk situation by using active practices in safe environment.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-75
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• 2011

PoC(Push-to-talk Over Cellular) is an integrated technology of group voice calls, video calls and internet based multimedia services. If a PoC user can not participate in the PoC session for various reasons such as an emergency situation, lack of battery capacity, then the user can use the PoC Box which has a similar functionality to the MM Box in the MMS(Multimedia Messaging Service). The RTSP(Real-Time Streaming Protocol) method is recommended to be used when there is a transmission session between the PoC box and a terminal. Since the existing VOD service uses a wired network, the packet size of RTSP-based VOD service is huge, however, the PoC service has wireless communication environments which have general characteristics to be used in RTSP method. Packet loss in a wired communication environments is relatively less than that in wireless communication environment, therefore, a buffering latency occurs in PoC service due to a play-out delay which means an asynchronous play of audio & video contents. Those problems make a user to be difficult to find the information they want when the media contents are played-out. In this paper, the following techniques and methods were proposed and their performance and superiority were verified through testing: cross-over dual reception buffering technique, advance partition multi-reception buffering technique, and on-demand multi-reception buffering technique, which are designed for effective picking up of information in media content being transmitted in short amount of time using RTSP when a user searches for media, as well as for reduction in playback delay; and same-priority packetization transmission method and priority-based packetization transmission method, which are media data packetization methods for transmission. From the simulation of functional evaluation, we could find that the proposed multiple receiving buffering and packetizing methods are superior, with respect to the media retrieval inclination, to the existing single receiving buffering method by 6-9 points from the viewpoint of effectiveness and excellence. Among them, especially, on-demand multiple receiving buffering technology with same-priority packetization transmission method is able to manage the media search inclination promptly to the requests of users by showing superiority of 3-24 points above compared to other combination methods. In addition, users could find the information they want much quickly since large amount of informations are received in a focused media retrieval period within a short time.