• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.175-189
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• 2014

This study was intended to provide fundamental data concerning franchising companies' characteristics and performance in foodservice business by employing financial data from the firms' IDS(Information Disclosure Statements). Multiple regression analysis method was used to identify any correlations among franchising size, marketing competency, operational characteristics, and performance according to technique based upon 169 IDS data as of 2013. In terms of franchisor size and performance, the number of company-operated stores had statistically significant corelation with sales, net income, the total number of stores, and the number of franchisees. With respect to marketing competency and performance, advertising expenses showed statistically significant correlation with sales, the total number of stores, promotion expenses with sales, net income, and the total number of stores. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant correlation with current year's net income. At last, present study found significant correlations among business years, sales, current year's net income, and the total number of stores by regarding operational characteristics and performance, but there was no significant correlation between brands and performance. This study is cross-sectional study which is a limitation to be overcome in further studies. In addition, it is required to review the possibility for franchise management style to contribute to expanding the Korean traditional foods.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.131-146
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to extract the main locational factors to affect the location of fastfood stores in Kangnam -Gu, Seoul by using Geographic Information Systems. The Franchise system, which came to be employed in full scale since 1990, now enjoying the booming period, especially fast food industry. The procedure of this research has four steps. First, the spatial distribution of fastfood chain stores in Seoul is analyzed by the land use and road map. Second, the spatial variations of fastfood stores in dong districts of Seoul is explained by multiple regression analysis. Third, the main locational factors to affect the location of fast food stores in Kangnam -Gu are extracted by demand and supply sides using GIS technologies. Finally, the potentiallocational zones where are selected by extracted locational factors are compared with the actual distribution of f astf ood stores in Kangnam - Gu. In terms of demand side, the main locational factors include commercial and service facilities, sub¬ways and bus stops which have a lot of pedestrians, and large apartment districts that have high popu¬lation densities. In terms of supply sides, the main locational factors include land use types and land value, accessibility. After fast food chain stores of Kangnam -Gu are overlaid final potentiallocational zones extracted by demand and supply sides of locational factors, it can be identified that over 80 % of fastfood stores are located in the potentiallocational zone. In conclusion, this study shows that spatial analysis functions may potentially be improved using GIS technologies. However there are still difficulties for the locational analysis for service industries to col¬lect appropriate data in terms of computerized base maps as well as consumer behavior and store characteristics itself.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.233-242
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• 2020

This empirical study was designed to identify the key factors that affect entrepreneurial orientation of university students. An exploratory model was suggested to verify the relationship among the research variables including entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial orientation(Innovativeness, Proactiveness, Risk-Taking Propensity) in order to attain the purpose of the study. This paper also aimed at investigating the possible difference between Korea and China in entrepreneurial process within this research framework. Total 440 university students participated in this study from both countries; Korea(n=224) and China(n=216). The hierarchical multiple regression was employed for estimating technique by using IBM SPSS statistics Version 23. The findings showed that entrepreneurship education works as a key predictor of entrepreneurial orien- tation and entrepreneurial self-efficacy as well. Also, entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a positive and significant mediating effect and goes on to further impact entrepreneurial orientation. So, entrepreneurship education should be enhanced extensively in order to promote entrepreneurship of young people. The theoretical and practical implication were presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.264-273
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• 2011

This study subject is to provide appropriately basic information about annually increased implant treatment by their lost teeth base on increasing old people and also analyze factors influencing implant treatment decisions for patient. For about 3 month from July on the 2010, This survey was carried out at 13 dental clinic as target of 217 patients on categorized into implant treatment-group and non-treatment-group in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Implant treatment-group showed highest portion at 50(30.3%), non- Implant treatment-group showed highest portion at 20's(35.7%), And The patients of implant treatment-group are good oral condition, and they showed a positive attitude. Result of analysis by multiple logistic analysis(regression), Factors of influencing implant treatment decision are age, gender, period of education, monthly income, condition of periodontal tissue, regular checkup, counseling attitude, trust in hospital. Therefore, proactive management about the necessity of regular dental check-up is needed the education and promotion. And medical team should have efforts to Improving technique of medical consultations and Improving the trust of the hospital's for implant treatment decision. Also, The patient's subjective determine rather than it is important to preparing to facilitate decision of specific clinical basis. And The government's financial support and policy alternatives are certainly required in order to be implant treatment without cost burden.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.325-336
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationship between internal capabilities and job satisfaction using the 7S model and propose measures to improve management performance through internal factors. For this study, seven research hypotheses were set up, and the survey conducted among members of all professions working in general hospitals in small and medium-sized cities in the provinces. From September 20 to October 20, 2016, 385 people were surveyed, and 327 pieces of data (84.9%) used for the study. Multiple regression analyses were performed to verify the effects of internal capabilities on job satisfaction. The analysis results showed that the explanatory power of the research model was suitable by showing 69.1%, and among the 7S factors, the leadership style (β=.392^**), the organizational structure (β=.129^*), the membership (β=.232^**), and the management technique (β=.204^*) showed a positive influence on job satisfaction. That has been confirmed to affect job satisfaction as the standardized factor values increase. Relationships between strategies, systems, and shared values on job satisfaction could not be identified. Significantly observed in the relationship between some internal capacity factors and job satisfaction is that internal capacity can be used as an alternative to an organization's performance improvement measures. Internal capacity can be affected by various environmental variables, such as establishment classification, size, and location. Further implications will also be provided for measuring future internal satisfaction levels separately from internal and external factors.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.297-303
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• 1996

A series of the herbicidal N-(4,6-disubstituted pyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl-2-(1,1-ethylenedioxy-2-fluoro)ethyIbenzenesulfonamides, 1 and N-(4,6-disubstituted triazin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl-2-(1,1-ethylenodioxy-2-flu ore)ethylbenzenosuIfonamides, 2 were synthesized and their herbicidal activities in-vivo against rice(Oryza sativa L.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), bulrush(Scripus juncoides) and pickerel weed(Monochoria vaginalis presl.) were measured by the pot test under the paddy conditions. The structure activity relationships(SAR) between the herbicidal activity$(pI_{50})$ and a various physicochemical parameters of the hetero group and 4,6-disubstituents on the heterocyclic group were analyzed by the multiple regression technique. The SAR suggest that the 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine substituent, 1a showed selective$({\Delta}obs.pI_{50}=1.12)$ and the most highest activity against barnyard grass, which depend on the hydrophobicity(log P<0) of heterocyclo group and molecular refractivity$((M_R)_{opt.}=14.58cm^3/mol)$ constant of 4,6-disubstituents on the heterocyclic group.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.163-167
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• 1995

New twenty 2-(n-octyl)-3-(n-propyl)isothiourea derivatives(S) were synthesized which is modified from the insecticidal Buprofezine (Applaud) in the selective insecticidal activities in-vitro against Diamond-Back moth (Plutella Xylostella Linnaeus). The structure activity relationships(SAR) between the insecticidal activity$(pI_{50})$ and a various physicochemical parameters of the substituent(Z) of S were analyzed by the multiple regression technique. The activities would depend largely on the MR, ${\pi}$ and $L_1$ parameters. The SAR was rationalized by parabolic function of MR, ${\pi}$ and $L_1$ constant, where the optimal values of the constants were $L_1=5.22{{\AA}}$, $MR=15.70\;Cm^3/mol$ and ${\pi}=1.60$, respectively. The steric effects play an important role in determining insecticidal activity. The SAR suggest that the S derivatives having a substituents with a small breadth and an appropriate length as Z group showed potent activity. From the results, the iso-propyl group(Z) substituent (5) with three carbon atom was the most effective compound.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing the level of nursing needs of a long-term care service user at home and the care giving burden of a primary caregiver. For this study, data were collected from 152 primary caregivers in J City with self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using multiple regression technique. Among the nursing needs of long-term care giving service users, the level of psychological and social requests was the highest. This study found that two characteristics variables(long-term care insurance benefit level and long-term care giving grade) had difference was statistically significant in physical nursing needs and psychological nursing needs. Out of care giving burden of primary caregivers, physical care giving burden was found to be the highest. Out of factors influencing care giving burden, daily care giving hours was the factor which had strongest influence. Basic living recipients and female primary caregivers showed higher care giving burden. The more care givers there were, the less care giving burden became.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.339-355
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• 1993

The purpose of this correlational study was to offer strategies for nursing intervention to improve compliance with prenatal care. This study was designed to investigate degree of tardiness, correlation between hardiness and compliance with prenatal care. In research, the characteristic of hardiness has 1 teen demonstrated in resolving stressful situaltions and in adapting to overcome physical and psycho-logical tension. pregnancy is normal crisis process. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate degree of hardiness in normal pregnant woman and I think that concept of hardiness is able to become a new, important concept for prenatal care imtervention. The subjects were 388 normal pregnant woman over five months, who were selected from five university hospitals and two health centers in Taegu. Data were obtained using a convenience sample technique. Data collection was done from March 6 to June 18, 1992. The instruments used for this study were the Health Related Hardiness Scale developed by Pollock(1984) and compliance with a prenatal care scale developed by the author on the basis of results of a literature review. Data were analyzed using the SAS program for t - test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The results are as follows : 1. The scores on the hardiness scale ranged from 35 to 210 with mean of 88.89. 2. The scores on the compliance with prenatal care scale ranged from 28 to 140 with a mean of 111.49. 3. There were significant differences between hardiness and obstetrical characteristic factors, duration of pregnancy, frequency of pregnancy, frequency of abortion(P .05). 4. There were significant differences between compliance with prenatal care and general and obstetircal characteristic factors, education and frequency of pregnancy(P .05). 5. Correlations between hardiness and compliance with prenatal care were all negative and significant(r=-.2276~ -.2930, P .000). Challenge of hardiness components was the low est (r= -.2814). 6. Significant differences between hardiness and compliance with prenatal care by group were as follows : Group 1 was the high est, whereas Group 8 was the lowest(F=5.47, P .0000). 7. Factors influencing compliance with prenatal care were : 1) Challenge was the main variable and accounted for 7.92% of the total variance. 2) Education and frequency of pregnancy accounted for an additional 2.74% of the total variance. From the above findings, this study suggests the following : 1) Considering the lack of empirical support, the theroy of hardiness needs to be evaluated. 2) A valid, reliable and culturally appropriate instrument needs to be developed for Health Related Hardiness Scale. 3) There is a need for further study of hardiness in a broad variety of populations. 4) There is a need for comparative study correlation between hardiness and compliance with prenatal care in woman with normal and abnormal pregnancies

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.145-152
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• 2017

In this study, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy known as a non-destructive analysis technique was applied to investigate peptide cleavage and consequent release of amino acids in soybean lumps as affected by its moisture content and incubation time during fermentation at 25 for 3 weeks. The NIR spectra of the soybean lump semi-dried and soaked in saline water showed that absorption intensity around 1,400 nm originating from hydrogen bonds of water decreased and absorption band shifted to 1,430 nm as moisture content decreased during incubation at 25 for 3 weeks. In addition, absorption around 2,050 nm which was assigned to amino groups increased as incubation time increased. NIR spectra data from 1,000 to 2,250 nm showed higher accuracy in the discriminant analysis between outside and inside parts of fermented soybean lumps than visible spectra result. NIR spectroscopy for the amino acid and moisture contents in traditional fermented soybean lumps showed relatively good accuracy with the multiple correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of 0.91 and 0.81, respectively, and root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECv) of 0.23 and 0.83%, respectively, in partial least square regression (PLSR). These results indicate that NIR spectral observations could be applicable to control the fermentation process for preparation of soybean products.