• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2013

Multiple use forestry is capable of generating income for forest based communities through Non-Timber forest products (NTFPs) which provide food, medicine, materials for domestic use and cash income for communities adjoining forest areas in developing countries. This study evaluates the economics of producing ginger rhizomes under teak canopy in a multiple land use system during 2007 and 2008 in even aged teak plantations in Ibadan and Ife, Nigeria. Twelve $6m^2$ sample plots were randomly selected in Completely Randomized Block Design within and outside the plantation. Average ginger rhizome of (50-60 g) were planted on the slightly tilled soil. NPK 15:15:15 was applied at 180 kg/ha on a split unit dose. ANOVA, Profitability, Benefit-Cost (B/C) ratio were used to analyze data. Results showed no significant differences between sites in ginger rhizome yield, (0.089 and 0.718, ${\rho}{\leq}0.05$) in 2007 and 2008 respectively. Average yield were higher outside teak canopy in both sites and treatments, (Ibadan -40.05 g>32.9 g, Ife -67.6 g>25.2 g and Ibadan -41.3 g>31.5 g, Ife -66.8 g>25.0 g) with and without NPK respectively. NPK had no effect on yields within teak plantation, (Ibadan -31.5<32.9 g, Ife -25 g<25.2 g). Ginger rhizome production was viable financially without inorganic fertilizer during second cropping season within and outside plantation (B/C=1.02, 1.09) respectively. Ginger could be raised profitably under teak canopy, however, studies on insolation requirement of ginger under teak canopy and other tree plantations are recommended.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.155-158
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• 2008

Site index is the essential tool for forest management to estimate the productivity of forest land Generally, site index equation is developed and used by relationship between stand age and dominant tree heights. However, there is a limit to use the site index equation in the application of variable ages, environmental influence, and estimation of site index for unstocked land. Therefore, it was attempted to develop a new site index equations based on various environmental factors including site and topographical variables. This study was conducted to develop regional site index equations based on the relationship between site index and soil factors for Pinus densiflora. Environmental factors that obtained from GIS application, were selected by stepwise-regression. Site index Equation was estimated by multiple regression from selected factors. Four environmental factors were selected in the final site index equations by stepwise regression. It was observed that coefficients of determination for site index equations were ranged from 0.34 which seem to be relatively low but good enough for estimation of forest stand productivity. The site index equations developed in this study were also verified to be useful by three evaluation statistics such as model's estimation bias, model's precision and mean square error type of measure.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.113-124
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• 1989

인공위성 데이타 정보의 용용분야는 여러가지가 있으나, 본 연구에서는 LANDSAT MSS데이타와 TM데이타를 처리 분석하여 서울시 토지이용정보를 경년변화에 따라 추출하고자 하였다. 사용 데이터는 MSS(72, 79, 81, 83년), TM(85년)이며 입수된 데이타를 전처리를 통해 기하보정, 디지타이징(행정구역에 따라) 등을 하고, 유효 band 선정 및 filtering을 통하여 정확도를 높인 후 MLC(Maximum Likelihood Classifier)로 토지이용분류를 실시하였다. 토지이용분류시 training field 선정 자료로는 현지조사자료, 지형도, 항공사진을 참조하였고, 분류결과의 정확도는 각각 그 당시의 통계자료를 토대로 하여 비교해 보았다. 분석결과, 서울시의 도시지역은 72년 (25.3 %), 81년 (43.0 %), 85년 (51.9 %)로 증가되었고, 이에 대해 삼림은 72년(39.0 %)에서 85년(28.4 %)로 점차 감소되고 있었다. 이상과 같이 토지이용 경년변화를 추출함으로써 도시의 토지 이용상황 monitoring에는 반복 주기를 가지는 인공위성 데이터의 활용이 경제적이며 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.288-296
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• 1998

Natural or human disturbances cause landscape changes, which may be measured by the degree of heterogeneity. In a 16km$\times$19km area, divided into 100m$\times$100m cells, of Seoul city and its suburb, land covers are classified into 6 groups in aerial photos and land use maps. The degree of heterogeneity is defined as the number of cells that surround a central cell but have different land cover from the central cell divided by 8. The value of the degree of heterogeneity is between 0 and 1. Major findings are 1) Both urban and natural areas have low degree of heterogeneity, about 0.15~0.17. 2) Suburban area under heavy pressure of development and urbanization has highest degree of heterogeneity, about 0.25. 3) The peak of the degree of heterogeneity moved about 4.5km outward in 22 years. 4) Outer suburban area has lower degree of heterogeneity as the area is a greenbelt or forest. 5) The results show the areas with higher degree of heterogeneity which may need landscape management plans, and natural areas with lower degree of heterogeneity which may need landscape conservation plans. A landscape change model may be built for a specific city when this technique is applied to multiple sectors of the city, and the model may predict future landscape changes of the city.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.409-423
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• 2023

North Korea is carrying out reclamation activities in tidal flat areas distributed throughout the west coast. Previousremote sensing research on North Korean tidal flats either failsto reflect recent trends or focuses on identifying and analyzing tidal flats. Thisstudy aimsto quantify the impact of recent reclamation activitiesin North Korea's coastal areas and contribute knowledge useful for determining the best remote sensing methods for coastal areas with limited accessibility, such as those in North Korea. Using Landsat-8 OLI images from 2014-2022, we analyzed land cover changesin an area on the west coast of Pyeonganbuk-do where reclamation activities are underway. Unsupervised classification using the normalized difference water index and the random forest classification technique were each used to divide the study area into classification groups, and changes in their areas over time were analyzed. The resultsshow a clear decrease in the water area and a tendency to increase cultivated area,supporting the evidence that North Korea'sreclamation isfor agricultural land expansion.Along coasts behind seawalls, the water area decreased by nearly half, and the cultivated area increased by over 2,300%, indicating significant changes and highlighting the anthropogenic nature of the cover changes due to reclamation. Both methods demonstrated high accuracy, making them suitable for detecting cover changes caused by reclamation. It is expected that further quality research will be conducted through the use of high-resolution satellite images and by combining data from multiple satellites in the future.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.73-89
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• 2022

코로나19의 확산으로 공원의 역할이 강조되고 있다. 사회적 거리두기를 비롯한 방역지침 하에 사람들은 안전하게 머물 곳으로 공원을 찾고 있다. 이러한 변화에 맞추어 공원은 물리적, 위치적 특성에 따라 팬데믹 적응 방안으로서 연구될 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 접근성과 통행기능을 가지는 선형공원의 잠재력을 주변 토지이용 특성에 따라 분석하고자 하였다. 대상지는 경의선 숲길 공원의 연남동 구간부터 염리동 구간까지로 설정하였으며, 집계구 경계와 토지이용 특성을 기준으로 네 개의 구간으로 나누었다. 총 생활인구 수를 종속변수로, 코로나19를 포함한 외부 활동에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 독립변수로 설정하여 구간별 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상권과 선형공원의 상호작용이 다양할수록 팬데믹 영향이 크게 작용하였다. 둘째, 다양한 상업시설이 밀집할수록 계절성보다 단기적 날씨변화에 민감하게 반응하였다. 이에 본 연구는 주변 토지이용 특성에 따라 선형공원의 이용에 차이가 있음을 시사한다. 나아가 선형공원에 도시의 위기를 극복하고 녹지 접근 형평성을 높일 수단으로 잠재력이 있음을 밝힌다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제77권4호
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• pp.389-400
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• 1988

삼림경영계획(森林經營計劃) 모델들의 발전과정을 연대순으로 살펴 볼 때 독립적인 기능별계획(機能別計劃) 모델에서 종합적(綜合的)인 다목적이용계획(多目的利用計劃) 모델로 발전돼 가고 있으며 모델의 수학적구조(數學的構造)도 Model I 이나 Model II의 어느 한 쪽을 사용하는 단일구조(單一構造)에서 두 Model을 겸용하는 복수구조(複數構造)로 변해가고 있다. Model I과 Model II의 일반적 특성(特性), 계획상(計劃上) 차이(差異), 분석상(分析上)의 차이(差異)는 L.P.모델을 통하여 잘 설명할 수 있다. 여기에서는 공통적(共通的)인 계획자료(計劃資料)를 사용하여 L.P.문제를 수식화(數式化)해 가면서 그들의 차이점(差異點)을 비교 검토하고 Model II가 삼림(森林)의 변화(變化)를 표현하는데 있어서나 문제를 분석하는데 있어서 Model I 보다 더 간편하다는 사실을 재확인했다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.156-156
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• 2022

Explicitly spatially distributed and reliable data on industrial water demand is very much important for both policy makers and researchers in order to carry a region-specific analysis of water resources management. However, such type of data remains scarce particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries. Current research is limited in using different spatially available socio-economic, climate data and geographical data from different sources in accordance to predict industrial water demand at finer resolution. This study proposes a random forest regression (RFR) model to predict the industrial water demand at 0.50× 0.50 spatial resolution by combining various features extracted from multiple data sources. The dataset used here include National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP)/Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) night-time light (NTL), Global Power Plant database, AQUASTAT country-wise industrial water use data, Elevation data, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Road density, Crop land, Population, Precipitation, Temperature, and Aridity. Compared with traditional regression algorithms, RF shows the advantages of high prediction accuracy, not requiring assumptions of a prior probability distribution, and the capacity to analyses variable importance. The final RF model was fitted using the parameter settings of ntree = 300 and mtry = 2. As a result, determinate coefficients value of 0.547 is achieved. The variable importance of the independent variables e.g. night light data, elevation data, GDP and population data used in the training purpose of RF model plays the major role in predicting the industrial water demand.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.61-80
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• 1997

This study tried to propose the guidelines for the ecological preservation zoning in Korea. So some related laws and regulations were inspected, which were Natural Environment Preservation Act, Nature Park Act, Cultural Asset Conservation Act, Forest Act and Urban Planning Act. In these acts, I could find several concepts related to the ecosystem that are described as the protection area. But there aren't detailed and practical characteristics in those concepts. So for making the practical concept of ecosystem preservation, I considered Multiple Use Module, Wildlife habitat model, and Environmental evaluation model. Thorough this step, the process and methodology was established for evaluating and analysing. The potentiality of the GIS system was inspected. So the TM5 scene of the site was acquired and processed by ER-Mapper, Idrisi, Arc/Info and Arcview. And several digitized data were input by scanning and vecterizing. The Erdas format was mostly exchangeable to any program. The site is the Byonsan Peninsula National Park. The forest stand information and topographic data were digitized, types of which are forest year, DBH, density, slope, aspect etc. And also the watershed boundary, roads and paths, natural and cultural resources were mapped and analysed. Modelling of preservation suitability found the dispersed patterns for the best suitable zone through all the site. And the development potential areas were checked on downwatershed. This patterns are thought to result from the forest location for the wildlife habitat and the low altitude and no-steep slopes for developing. And Early warning system concept was introduced by overlapping these two patterns on the both potential area. As the conclusions, I proposed that the preservation zone be assigned according to the watershed unit as the main ecosystem zone. This main area should be linked by the eco-corridor through the point type eco-system. Finally, I thought the comprehensive information system should be established for making the rational and efficient decision making in natural area.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2017

This research was conducted to construct a tree belt around Saemangeum reclaimed land using various planting methods and to analyze initial growth amount, to provide practical data to construct tree belt of various purposes. Tree species used in tree belt construction were Pinus thunbergii and Quercus serrata, and the main planting treatment methods used were categorized by existence of windy fence, mixed planting, and un-mixed planting. Growth amount analysis was conducted using ANOVA to compare growth amounts in different experimental groups and Duncan's multiple range test. Growth amount analysis results of tree belt by planting method showed that it is most statistically plausible to install 50% porous windy fence from the direction of wind and frost, followed by planting P. thunbergii and Q. serrata in areas that require mixed tree species tree belt around Saemangeum reclaimed land. In areas where un-mixed planting tree belt is required, it was appropriate to use P. thunbergii alone without a windy fence. Lastly, if the purpose of the tree belt is limited to rapid growth, it was most ideal to plant P. thunbergii alone (without windy fence) or install 50% porous windy fence from the direction of wind and frost, followed by planting P. thunbergii and Q. serrata. This research is based on initial growth amount of tree belt and there is a need for a long-term monitoring of tree belt growth to increase tree-planting success rate in establishing tree belt according to Saemangeum internal development.