• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.111-129
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• 2020

A simplified algorithm is proposed for fast estimation of the material quantities required for the construction of rubble-mound breakwaters. The proposed algorithm is able to employ only the data available at feasibility study phase such as the maximum draught of the design ship selected to transport the cargos to the harbor despite, because at the feasibility phase, information for the planned harbor is likely to be very limited. A linear-constant waterdepth model together with a proposed section configuration for the breakwaters, which is customary for harbors, is considered to calculate the quantity of materials. The numerical simulation of the wave characteristics has been verified using the recorded wave data collected by a buoy installed near the Neka harbor in Caspian Sea waters. A case study has been also applied to four harbors to validate the proposed algorithm. The estimated weights using the proposed linear-constant and multi-linear waterdepth models were compared using the bathymetry maps and layouts of these harbors. A computer program, written in QBasic language, has been developed to simulate the wave characteristics and to estimate the material quantities needed to construct a rubble-mound breakwater. The obtained results show that taking into account the acceptable accuracies normally applied to the feasibility study and conceptual design phases, the proposed algorithm is sufficiently accurate and highly effective for the conceptual estimation of materials' quantities of breakwaters in the feasibility study phase of harbor projects.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.1B
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• pp.25-37
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• 2008

Network streaming technology is a service method which can support several application software via streaming in networks. Although multimedia streaming technology has been developed and widely used, research on the software streaming technology is not yet being progressed actively. In this paper, we design and implement a software streaming technology based on Java language with enhanced performance, compare the existing related systems with it and analyze several characteristics, and perform the performance evaluation. The implemented system has a platform to be used in multiple operating systems in addition to Windows system. It can also be used without installing a software at the client's computer, and has a novel feature that the user's convenience is maximized.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.837-850
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• 2018

Bitcoin is a decentralized crypto-currency, which is based on the peer-to-peer network, and was introduced by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. Bitcoin transactions are written by using a scripting language. The hash value of a transaction's script is used to identify the transaction over the network. In February 2014, a Bitcoin exchange company, Mt. Gox, claimed that they had lost hundreds of millions US dollars worth of Bitcoins in an attack known as transaction malleability. Although known about since 2011, this was the first known attack that resulted in a company loosing multi-millions of US dollars in Bitcoins. Our reason for writing this paper is to understand Bitcoin transaction malleability and to propose an efficient solution. Our solution is a softfork (i.e., it can be gradually implemented). Towards the end of the paper we present a detailed analysis of our scheme with respect to various transaction malleability-based attack scenarios to show that our simple solution can prevent future incidents involving transaction malleability from occurring. We compare our scheme with existing approaches and present an analysis regarding the computational cost and storage requirements of our proposed solution, which shows the feasibility of our proposed scheme.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.731-751
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• 2017

The burgeoning distribution of smartphone web applications based on various mobile environments is increasingly focusing on the performance of mobile applications implemented by JavaScript and HTML5 (Hyper Text Markup Language 5). If application software has a simple functional processing structure, then the problem is benign. However, browser loads are becoming more burdensome as the amount of JavaScript processing continues to increase. Processing time and capacity of the JavaScript in current mobile browsers are limited. As a solution, the Web Worker is designed to implement multi-threading. However, it cannot guarantee the computing ability as a native application on mobile devices, and is not sufficient to improve processing speed. The method proposed in this research overcomes the limitation of resources as a mobile client and guarantees performance by native application software by providing high computing service. It shifts the JavaScript process of a mobile device on to a cloud-based computer server. A performance evaluation experiment revealed the proposed algorithm to be up to 6 times faster in computing speed compared to the existing mobile browser's JavaScript process, and 3 to 6 times faster than Web Worker. In addition, memory usage was also less than the existing technology.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.94-109
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• 2002

The advent of the information age, advancement of the multi-media, and proliferation of internet are all ushering-in a new era of a cyber world. The artistic expression is unfolding into a new genre of a new era.. In the modern art, the boundary between the fine art and the applied art is becoming blurred, and further, distinction of fine art from popular art is also becoming meaningless. The advancement of science and technology, by offering new materials and visual forms, is contributing to the expansion of the morden art's horizon. As fashion illustration is gaining recognition as a form of art which mirrors today's realities, it has also become increasingly necessary to add variety and newness. Fashion illustration is thus becoming the visual language of the modern world, capable of conveying artistic emotion, and at the same time able to effectively communicate the image of fashion to the masses. The increasing awareness of artistic talent and ingenuity as essential components of fashion illustration is yielding greater fusion between fashion illustration and art & technology. This has resulted in the use of the advanced computer technology as a tool for crafting artistic expressions, such as fashion illustration, and this new tool has opened-up new possibilities for expressing images and colors. Further, the computer-aided fashion illustration is emerging as a new technique for expression. The concept of fashion illustration, history of fashion illustration from its incepton to modern date is reviewed and the simplicity has been researched throughout past studies published in Korean and overseas Journals.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.239-246
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• 2019

Teenagers in multicultural families are more prone to depression and problem behaviors caused by violence such as bullying in schools due to their appearance, language presentation skills, and poor learning abilities compared to teenagers in general families. This study is meaningful in that it provides basic information for prevention measures in intervening with damage caused by school violence such as depression, anxiety, suicidal impulses and emotional and social. For this purpose, a survey of 300 elementary school students from 4 to 6 grade, junior high school, and high school students was conducted. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed and of thos e 385 were used for the final analysis. The results of the study are as follows. First, the psychological factors of suicidal ideation were higher in the victimized group than school violence. Second, there was a significant difference in the relationship between emotional - social isolation and school violence experience. Third, there was a significant difference in the relationship between experience of suicide ideation and depression as well as anxiety of emotional - social isolation with psychological maladjustment. In conclusion, we plan to find ways to stabilize the multicultural society by providing prevention and protection measures against school violence.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.191-206
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• 2018

Purpose : This study investigated the correlation between speech intelligibility and acoustic measurements of speech sounds produced by the children with speech sound disorders and children without any diagnosed speech sound disorder. Methods : A total of 60 children with and without speech sound disorders were the subjects of this study. Speech samples were obtained by having the subjects? speak meaningful words. Acoustic measurements were analyzed on a spectrogram using the Multi-speech 3700 program. Speech intelligibility was determined according to a listener's perceptual judgment. Results : Children with speech sound disorders had significantly lower speech intelligibility than those without speech sound disorders. The intensity of the vowel /u/, the duration of the vowel /${\omega}$/, and the second formant of the vowel /${\omega}$/ were significantly different between both groups. There was no difference in voice onset time between the groups. There was a correlation between acoustic measurements and speech intelligibility. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the speech intelligibility of children with speech sound disorders was affected by intensity, word duration, and formant frequency. It is necessary to complement clinical setting results using acoustic measurements in addition to evaluation of speech intelligibility.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.21
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• pp.139-164
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• 2010

Sung Yung Shin was adopted as a Korean infant to an American family. She is now one of the most important writers in Asian American literary field. This paper analyzes the characteristics of her literature, focusing on Skirt full of Black (poetry)and Cooper's Lesson(children's book). Sun Yung Shin uses collage in Skirt full of Black as an effective rhetorical device because it can express her experience as an adopted other in the multicultural American society. She rewrites the fairy tale of Swan Prince in the viewpoint of silence. For a yellow Asian adopted woman, speaking is suppressed. In the end, the attempt to escape from silence is the writer's resisting activity, and the rewriting of the tale is her questioning in place of the princess. I analyses Cooper's Lesson in the viewpoint of transcultural assimilation. Cooper's lesson is accomplished not by his white father but by a Korean settler, Mr. Lee. Cooper's family is a hybrid composed of white American father, Korean mother, and their half son. So this family has many complicated difficulties, though it's small. Mr. Lee who accepted a new language to establish a new identity teaches Cooper the importance of cultural assimilation, which is not a one-sided integration to dominant culture but an intercultural communion while sustaining each culture's singularity. Cooper learns that he should live in an harmonious and balanced life in a multi-cultural society while keeping his own subjective point of view.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.36
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• pp.241-270
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• 2014

The aim of this article is to review the traditional methodologies of teaching translation that concentrate on text-typologies and, as an alternative, to propose an eclectic multi-componential approach that involves a set of interdisciplinary skills with a view to improving the trainee translators' competences and skills. To this end, three approaches, namely a minimalist approach, a pre-transferring adjustment approach and a revision vs. editing approach are proposed to shift the focus of attention from teacher-centred approaches towards student-centred approaches. It has been shown that translator training programmes need to focus on improving the trainee translators' competences and skills, such as training them how to produce and select among the different versions they produce by themselves with justified confidence as quickly as they can (minimalist approach), adjust the original text semantically, syntactically and/or textually in a way that the source text supplely accommodates itself in the linguistic system of the target language (pre-transferring adjustment), and revise and edit others' translations. As the validity of the approach proposed relies partially on instructors' competences and skills in teaching translation, universities, particularly in the Arab world, need to invest in recruiting expert practitioners instead of depending mainly on bilingual teachers to teach translation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1275-1292
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• 2021

As a fine-grained classification problem, aspect-level sentiment classification predicts the sentiment polarity for different aspects in context. To address this issue, researchers have widely used attention mechanisms to abstract the relationship between context and aspects. Still, it is difficult to effectively obtain a more profound semantic representation, and the strong correlation between local context features and the aspect-based sentiment is rarely considered. In this paper, a hybrid attention capsule network for aspect-level sentiment classification (ABASCap) was proposed. In this model, the multi-head self-attention was improved, and a context mask mechanism based on adjustable context window was proposed, so as to effectively obtain the internal association between aspects and context. Moreover, the dynamic routing algorithm and activation function in capsule network were optimized to meet the task requirements. Finally, sufficient experiments were conducted on three benchmark datasets in different domains. Compared with other baseline models, ABASCap achieved better classification results, and outperformed the state-of-the-art methods in this task after incorporating pre-training BERT.