• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제76권3호
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• pp.311-324
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• 2020

Until now, a comparative study on fully and partially-connected steel shear walls leading to enhancing strength and stiffness reduction of partially-connected steel plate shear wall structures has not been reported. In this paper a number of 4-story and 8-story steel plate shear walls, are considered with three different connection details of infill plate to surrounding frame. The specimens are modeled using nonlinear finite element method verified excellently with the experimental results and analyzed under monotonic loading. A comparison between initial stiffness and shear strength of models as well as percentage of shear force by model boundary frame and infill plate are performed. Moreover, a comparison between energy dissipation, ductility factor and distribution of Von-Mises stresses of models are presented. According to the results, the initial stiffness, shear resistance, energy dissipation and ductility of the models with beam-only connected infill plates (SSW-BO) is found to be about 53%, 12%, 15% and 48% on average smaller than those of models with fully-connected infill plates (SPSW), respectively. However, performance characteristics of semi-supported steel shear walls (SSSW) containing secondary columns by simultaneously decreasing boundary frame strength and increasing thickness of infill plates are comparable to those of SPSWs. Results show that by using secondary columns as well as increasing thickness of infill plates, the stress demands on boundary frame decreases substantially by as much as 35%. A significant increase in infill plate share on shear capacity by as much as 95% and 72% progress for the 4-story SSW-BO and 8-story SSSW8, respectively, as compared with non-strengthened counterparts. A similar trend is achieved by strengthening secondary columns of 4-story SSSW leading to an increase of 50% in shear force contribution of infill plate.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.897-905
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 TMO 실시간 객체 모델을 이용하여 실시간 통신 메시지 서비스를 효과적으로 지원하기 위해 새로운 프레임워크 및 동기화 메카니즘을 나타내었다. 또한 분산된 네트워크 시스템에서 TMO 구조를 이용하여 DHS(Distributed High-Precision Simulation) 응용 환경 에 적용함으로서 실시간 메시지 서 비스를 보장하였다. 분산된 다중 노드 시스템에서 TMO의 시간 구동 및 메시지 구동 구조는 실시간 통신 서비스 능력을 적시에 보장하기 위한 설계자의 노력을 충분히 줄일 수 있었으며, 제안된 프레임워크는 분산된 객체 구성요소들 사이의 데드라인 시간을 보다 쉽게 보장하기 위해 일관된 구조 및 구성을 제공하였다. 프로그래머의 데드라인 설계 시간을 처음 객체부터 적용하여 보장함으로서 형성될 수 있다. TMO 객체 모델을 기반으로 한 실시간 시뮬레이션에서 몇 가지의 TMO 구조의 장점을 가지고 있으며, TMO 객체 모델은 요구 명세서와 설계 사이의 강력한 연관성을 가지고 있다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.99-115
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• 2002

Tests of stability and toxicity, and clinical evaluation of anti-acne activity suggest that cryptotanshinone, a constituent of the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, is an effective active ingredient for acne vulgaris treatments. Acne vulgaris, called acne or pimples, is the most common disease of the pilosebaceous follicle unit of the skin. It affects nearly 80% of people between the ages of 11 and 30. Approximately 30% of teenagers have acne of sufficient severity to require medical treatment. Acne is a follicular disorder of the skin. It occurs in specialized pilosebaceous units on the face and body. Acne develops when these specialized follicles undergo pathologic alterations that result in the formation of non-inflammatory lesions (comedones) and inflammatory lesions (papules, pustules and nodules). An abnormality of keratinizing epithelium of these follicles, thought to be due to the action of sebum synthesized and secreted by the androgen-sensitive sebaceous glands, leads to inflammation induced by the follicular bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Therapy involves treatments that modify these pathogenic factors and includes drugs with antikeratinizing, antibacterial and antiseborrheic actions. Acne vulgaris is a very frequent disease, seen primarily in adolescents, involving the sebaceous follicles. Acne vulgaris is characterized by a great variety of clinical inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions: comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, cysts and scars. Acne vulgaris is a multi-factorial disease. Although its pathogenicity is unclear, extensive studies have shown that hyperseborrhea, superinfection by P. acnes and endocrinologic androgenic changes play a role in the development of acne vulgaris.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a program to improve the cultural competence of nursing students related to North Korean defectors and to investigate the effectiveness of the program. Methods: There were 36 nursing students in the experimental group and 30 in the control group, who were recruited from a university in I-city, Korea. A Chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA with the SPSS/Win 21.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: After the intervention, the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in the total score for multicultural awareness toward North Korean defectors over the control group (t=0.85, p=.026). Scores for cognitive area (t=0.89; p=.037), ritual area (t=-0.10, p=.915), and action area (t=1.18, p=.031) increased, but the conscious area score was not statistically significant. The experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in the total score for multi-cultural efficacy for North Korean refugees (t=0.36, p=.030). Scores for cognitive area (t=0.63; p=.029), working area (t=0.05, p=.955), and emotional area (t=0.79 and p=030) increased, but the working area score was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It was found that the program to promote multicultural efficacy related to North Korean defectors applied in this study was effective in enhancing multicultural awareness and efficacy of nursing students.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.363-389
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• 2011

Modern Chinese Literature, the so-called 'feminist' is a very modern and the traditional criticism and took an important position in the double action. Because a woman's freedom from the bondage of traditional ethics of restoring the social status equal to men but to women does not give, that compared to men and women just the dimension of the problem of isolation is not just. It is dominated by yugajeok worldview by streamlining the whole Chinese society to build a modern society and the country was a critical task. However, multi-cultural life of Lin, Hui-yin and Ling, Shu-hua in the history of the world's attention to the shrine was worried attention to soils, rather than East-West dualism law by taking a mixture of both women in modern Chinese literature and Western literature from the center of efforts to overcome the traditional point hayeotdaneun feminist literature that may be different. Lin, Hui-yin and Ling, Shu-hua to overcome the Western-oriented culture really the true dream of China's globalization and localization could be regarded. She naesewotdeon the banner of feminist literature in the traditional 'anti feudal', 'free personality' silcheondoen under such slogans as well as women's liberation from traditional, male-oriented perspective away from the women's unique experiences and new understanding of the value of the superiority the concept of a woman, and was to create. In particular, the femininity of these women who traditionally associated with women and the unique culture - the creation of a new consciousness, a re-evaluation of traditional feminine skills and talents was to try to.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제68권5호
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• pp.575-589
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• 2018

It is well known that the incidence angle of seismic excitation has an influence on the structural response of buildings, and this effect can be more significant in the case of near-fault signals. However, current seismic codes do not include detailed requirements regarding the direction of application of the seismic action and they have only recently introduced specific provisions about near-fault earthquakes. Thus, engineers have the task of evaluating all the relevant directions or the most critical conditions case by case, in order to avoid underestimating structural demand. To facilitate the identification of the most critical incidence angle, this paper presents a procedure which makes use of a two-degree of freedom model for representing a building. The proposed procedure makes it possible to avoid the extensive computational effort of multiple dynamic analyses with varying angles of incidence of ground motion excitation, which is required if a spatial multi-degree of freedom model is used for representing a building. The procedure is validated through the analysis of two case studies consisting of an eight- and a six-storey reinforced concrete frame building, selected as representative of existing structures located in Italy. A set of 124 near-fault ground motion records oriented along 8 incidence angles, varying from 0 to 180 degrees, with increments of 22.5 degrees, is used to excite the structures. Comparisons between the results obtained with detailed models of the two structures and the proposed procedure are used to show the accuracy of the latter in the prediction of the most critical angle of seismic incidence.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.399-416
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• 2018

In order to reveal the independent relationship between track irregularity and wind loads, the stochastic characteristics of train-bridge coupling systems subjected to wind loads were investigated by the multi-sample calculation. The vehicle was selected as 23 degrees of freedom dynamical model, and the bridge was described by three-dimensional finite element model. It was assumed that the wind loads were random processes with strong spatial correlation, while the track irregularities were stationary random ones. As a case study, a high-speed train running on a cable-stayed bridge subjected to wind loads was studied. The effect of rail irregularities was deemed to be independent of the effect of wind excitations on the coupling system in the same wind circumstance for the same project, leading to the conclusion that the effect of wind loads and moving vehicle could be calculated separately. The variance results of the stochastic responses of vehicle-bridge coupling system under the action of wind loads and rail irregularities together were equivalent to the sum of the variance of the responses induced by each excitation. Therefore, when one of the input excitations is different, only the effect of changed loads needs to be assessed. Moreover, the new calculated results were combined with the effect of unchanged loads to present the stochastic response of coupling system subjected to the different excitations, reducing the cost of computations. The stochastic characteristics, the CFD (cumulative distribution function) of the coupling system with different wind velocities, vehicle speed, and vehicle marshalling were studied likewise.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 3차원 RGB-D Xtion2 카메라를 이용하여 보행자의 골격좌표를 추출한 결과를 바탕으로 동적인 특성(속도, 가속도)을 함께 고려하여 딥러닝 모델을 통해 사람을 인식하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문의 핵심목표는 RGB-D 카메라로 손쉽게 좌표를 추출하고 새롭게 생성한 동적인 특성을 기반으로 자체 고안한 1차원 합성곱 신경망 분류기 모델(1D-ConvNet)을 통해 자동으로 보행 패턴을 파악하는 것이다. 1D-ConvNet의 인식 정확도와 동적인 특성이 정확도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 정확도는 F1 Score를 기준으로 측정하였고, 동적인 특성을 고려한 분류기 모델(JCSpeed)과 고려하지 않은 분류기 모델(JC)의 정확도 비교를 통해 영향력을 측정하였다. 그 결과 동적인 특성을 고려한 경우의 분류기 모델이 그렇지 않은 경우보다 F1 Score가 약 8% 높게 나타났다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권4_2호
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• pp.655-662
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• 2022

Recently, with the increase in the use of UAV(unmanned aerial vehicles), research on horizontal maintenance stations that can take off and land in various environments has been actively conducted. These stations can safely land UAV through multiple DOF(degrees of freedom) or at least 2-DOF-based actuator actuation. Among them, many researchers are dealing with the multi-DOF stewart platform due to its high safety. However, the stewart platform requires high-precision control technology because it requires a lot of torque to actuate according to the load action. Therefore, in this paper, to solve the mentioned problem, a bevel gear-based 2-DOF horizontal maintenance station system is proposed. The proposed system is configured to prevent damage due to air resistance when maintaining ships and to install it in a small space. Also, in terms of system configuration, the bevel gear-based horizontal maintenance system has the main advantage of being able to take off and land UAVs of various sizes through the replacement of station pads. The driving of the system consists of a simple form that can control the motor by adjusting the rotation speed of the motor according to the sea waveform.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2022

최근 산업계에서 가장 큰 화두는 산업안전보건관리에 대한 영역이다. 도시가스는 인화성 가스로 화재 및 폭발의 위험이 크기 때문에 중대 산업 및 시민 재해를 예방하기 위해 많은 노력이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 도시가스 안전관리의 일환으로 Consequence Analysis를 통해 도시가스 누출에 의한 폭발사고 발생 시 피해 범위 및 정도를 정량적으로 예측하고자 하였다. 그 결과 압력, 기상상황 등 다양한 누출조건에 따라 분석결과 값에 차이를 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 도시가스 안전관리업무 수행 시 도시가스 누출에 의한 사고의 시나리오를 마련하여 보다 효과적인 사고예방과 비상조치계획을 마련하는데 활용할 예정이다.