• Title/Summary/Keyword: mulching materials

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Effect of Mulching with Easily-Decomposable Organic Materials on the Rice Growth and Earthworm Ecology Characteristics in Paddy Fields (분해성 피복자재의 멀칭처리가 벼 생육 및 지렁이 생태에 미치는 영향)

  • Nam, Hong-Shik;Lee, Sang-Beom;Park, Kwang-Lai;Hong, Seung-Gil;Kang, Chung-Kil;Son, Jin-Kwan;Kim, Seok-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.72-86
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    • 2014
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mulching of easily-decomposable organic materials including rice powder and corn starch on rice paddy fields. The treatments were including seven mulching materials each consisted of rice powder [Rice], starch with black color [Starch-B] and transparent [Starch-T] and stone powder [Stone], and conventional vinyl [Conventional], no-mulching without herbicide [Control-O] and no-mulching with herbicide [Control-C]. Rice growth and yield were different among the treatments; the highest yields were observed for [Rice] ($6.51ton\;ha^{-1}$) and [Conventional] ($6.47ton\;ha^{-1}$) followed by [Starch-T] ($6.25ton\;ha^{-1}$) and [Stone] ($6.20ton\;ha^{-1}$) which is comparable to the [Control-C] ($6.15ton\;ha^{-1}$). However, [Starch-B] showed lower rice yield ($4.93ton\;ha^{-1}$) than the [Conventional] or [Control-C]. Mean soil temperature ranged form 23.6 to $24.1^{\circ}C$ with the highest temperature for [Rice] treatment, and cumulative soil temperature was also significantly higher in the [Rice] treatment. Among the soil parameters, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, and phosphorus concentration were also different among the treatments. The amount of earthworm casting was higher for [Rice] treatment ($17.7kg\;m^{-2}$) compared to the others ($5.5{\sim}9.8kg\;m^{-2}$). It was suggested that mulching of rice fields with organic materials containing rice powder is better than others in respected to rice yield and earthworm activity.

Effect of Sowing Date and Mulching Materials on Growth and Yield of Scutellaria baicalensis Georg (파종기(播種期)와 피복재료(被覆材料)가 황금(黃芩)의 생육(生育) 및 수양(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Park, Gyu-Chul;Park, Tae-Dong;Park, In-Jin;Choi, Kyong-Ju;Kim, Chang-Chul;Kim, Myung-Suck;Her, Gill-Hyun;Chung, Byong-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.165-172
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    • 1995
  • This study was carried out to investigate effects of poly-ethylene (P. E.) films mulching according to the different sowing date on growth and yield of Scutellarja bakalensjs G. In sowing date at Apr. 20, the number, length, diameter and yield of root was increased. In black P. E. film mulching, the growth of shoot and root was better and weed control was more effective than open field cultivation during hot season. Therefore dry weight of root was increased by 5% at Apr. 20 as compared with Apr. 1 in P. E. film mulching and that of black P. E. film mulching cultivation was increased by 13% as compared with transparent P. E. film mulching cultivation. But in nonmulching cultivation, the yield of root was increased at Apr. 1

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Effect of Yield and Quality for Cultivation Type and Mulching Materials on Gastrodia elata Blume (재배방식과 피복재료가 천마의 수량과 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Chang Su;Yu, In Young;Kim, Dong Won;Kim, Jong Yeob;Kim, Jeong Man;Lee, Wang Hyu
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.78-87
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    • 2017
  • This study was compared to outdoor field (OF) and rain shelter greenhouse (RSG) according to cultivation type of Gastrodia elata Blume. Also, the effects of yield and quality for mulching materials in RSG were compared. The yield of G. elata was investigated good merchantable quality, and the quality was investigated hardness, chromaticity, weight loss and the contents of the major functional components. The cultivation of RSG was increased the yield, hardness, gastrodin, and vanillyl alcohol compared to OF, and the weight loss, chromaticity, and ergothioneine were almost equal. Rice straw treatment showed higher than those of the control and other treatments on the yield and hardness. As a result, the yield and the quality of RSG, which can control the soil moisture, were better than that of OF. And the lower the soil moisture content according to the mulching material, the harder the surface and the higher the hardness.

Incidences of Phytophthora Fruit Rot on Fig according to the Cultural Practice and Its Eco-friendly Control (재배양식에 따른 무화과 역병의 발생 및 친환경적 방제)

  • Ma, Kyeong-Chul;Byeon, Man-Ho;Bang, Geuk-Pil;Ko, Sug-Ju;Lee, Yong-Hwan
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.107-111
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    • 2008
  • For the eco-friendly control of fruit rot of fig, disease incidences according to the cultural practices at 51 fig orchards in south coast area of Korea were surveyed in 2002, and the effect of soil mulch and potassium phosphonate on fruit rot of fig was evaluated from 2002 to 2004. Diseased fruits of fig orchards of open field, rain shading, and vinyl house were 33.3%, 7.5%, and 0%, respectively. Diseased fruits were rated at 34.6%, 35.7%, and 27% as the tree spacing of $2m{\times}2m,\;2m{\times}3m,\;and\;3m{\times}4m$, respectively. Among the soil mulching materials, barley straw showed disease incidence of 1.8% and 3.5% of diseased fruits compared to 42.1% and 48% of no mulching in 2002 and 2003, respectively. Diseased fruits in dark paper film mulching were recorded at 4.8% and 12% in 2002 and 2003, respectively, which were lower than those in dark polyethylene film mulching at 11.2% and 26.2%. When potassium phosphonate(1,000 ppm) was sprayed 3 times with 10 days intervals from the beginning of disease occurrence, disease incidences were rated at 3.0% and 2.0% in 2003 and 2004, respectively, which were much lower than those of control at 45.9 % and 39.3%.

Studies on the Bio-degradability and Characteristics of Mulching Films Containing Rice By-products Applied to Upland Crops (벼 부산물을 함유한 생분해성 멀칭비닐의 포장 재배조건에서의 특성 및 분해력 연구)

  • Han, Sang-Ik;Kang, Hang-Won;Jang, Ki-Chang;Seo, Woo-Duck;Oh, Seong-Hwan;Ra, Ji-Eun;Lee, Hyeong-Un;Chung, Mi-Nam;Choi, Kyung-Jin
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.57 no.2
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    • pp.99-105
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    • 2012
  • The main challenges for the development of agricultural bio-degradable mulching film concern the degradation during the lifetime of cultivated crops. A set of rice by-product (rice-hull and rice-bran) based bio-degradable mulching films was developed and tested, following the measurement of standard bio-degradability rate and adaptability in a large scale field experiment. The standard bio-degradability of bio-film passed the KS (Korea standard) regulation. The result of mechanical analysis of bio-degradable mulching film presented a higher mechanical strength and elongation rate compared with polyethylene film. In addition, bio-film could be degraded into fragments within 4 months under the field condition of several upland crops. Bio-degradable mulching film indicated great potential as a new source of agricultural bio-degradable material.

Bio-Degradable Plastic Mulching in Sweetpotato Cultivation (생분해성 멀칭필름을 이용한 고구마 재배)

  • Lee, Joon-Seol;Jeong, Kwang-Ho;Kim, Hag-Sin;Kim, Jeong-Ju;Song, Yeon-Sang;Bang, Jin-Ki
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.135-142
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    • 2009
  • This experiment was conducted to determine the usability of biodegradable plastic in the mulching cultivation of sweetpotato. For this, we investigated the physical characteristics, biodegradability, leaching, yield, workability, etc. of biodegradable films. Compared with general mulching materials, biodegradable Poly butyleneadipate-co-butylene succinate (PBSA) and PLC+starch showed $2{\sim}27$% higher tensile strength, but $2{\sim}22$% lower elongation and $2{\sim}6$% lower tear strength. In the leaching test on the biodegradable films, heavy metals were detected very little or not at all. As to difference in ground temperature according to mulching material, the temperature was high in order of PLC+starch > PBSA > Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) > Control during the period from late June to mid July, but in order of LDPE > PLC+starch > PBSA > None during the period from late July to late September. In the mulching cultivation of sweet potato, biodegradable films PBSA (EA, EB, EC) and PLC+starch (DD, DE, DF) began to degrade after 60 days from the cut planting of sweet potato, and over 95% degraded after 120 days. The quantity of roots was 3,070 kg/10a for PBSA, 3,093 kg/10a for PLC-starch, and 2,946 kg/l10a for LDPE, showing no significant difference according to mulching material. Considering the physical characteristics, biodegradability, environment, convenience in harvesting work, yield, etc. of the films in the mulching cultivation of sweet potato, biodegradable films are expected to be very useful.

Improved Hydrolysis Resistance of Biodegradable Mulching Films (생분해성 멀칭필름의 내가수분해성 향상)

  • Sim, Jae-Ho
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.349-354
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    • 2022
  • This research was conducted in order to improve the hydrolysis resistance and mechanical properties of a resin compound and biodegradable mulching film, produced through the use of PBAT(Poly Butylene Adipate-co-Terephthalate) and PLA(Poly Lactic Acid). Various ratios of chain extenders and mechanical properties according to the annealing temperature conditions were investigated. The annealing process showed that compound resin can improve the crystallization capacity. In addition, incorporation of the chain extender was shown to improve and increase the tensile strength and hydrolysis resistance of the film. In the case of 0.6phr chain extender, the tensile strength was 383.0Kgf/cm2, which was improved by 155% compared to the control films. When the blow up ratio(BUR) was 2.5, the optimal tensile strength of the film increased greatly, expanding up to 379.0/195.2kgf/cm2 in the both machine direction (MD) and transverse direction (TD).

Study on Vinyl Coating Cultivation of Potatoes under Low Temperature Conditions (조기 재배시 감자의 비닐 피복 재배 연구)

  • Choi, Kwan Soo;Jung, Gun Ho
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.556-564
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    • 2017
  • Appropriate soil temperature and early planting of potato is very important for the successful potato-soybean cropping system in central region of South Korea. This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of mulching materials on the growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Five different mulch treatments were had been applied on an upland soil as follows ; no mulch (NM), transparent film (TF), transparent film + additional transparent film (TF + ATF), black film (BF), and black film + additional transparent film (ATF). In the period of sowing time to removing additional films, mean soil temperature of the treatments was in the order of TF+ATF > TF > BR+ATF > BF as $20.3^{\circ}C$ > $18.5^{\circ}C$ > $16.1^{\circ}C$ > $15.4^{\circ}C$, respectively and that of NM was $13.8^{\circ}C$. The accumulated soil temperature was TF > NM > BF during the removing additional films to earthing at inter-tillage. On the changes in the soil temperature during a whole day, the temperature in the BF was lower than NM during around 18:00 PM to 12:00 NM, while NM was higher than BF in the time period of 10:00AM to 21:00PM. The sequence of potato sprout emergence was 15 > 18 > 20 > 22 days of TF+ATF, TF, BF+ATF, and BF, respectively and that of NM was 24 days. Comparing to the NM, potato sprout emergence was observed on the TF+ATF treated plot as early as 9 days. At 10 days before harvest, the significant difference in the tuber dry weight had been observed and the sequence tuber weight was in the order of TF > TF+ATF > BF+ATF > BF > NM. The potato yields of TF, TF+ATF, and BF+ATF were increased of 40.7, 37.3, and 22% as compared to NM ($2,805kg\;10a^{-1}$), but almost same yield in the BF. The differences of tuber dry weight and potato yields was co-related with the temperature rise of soil by the application of mulching materials on soil. Based on these results, application of mulching film had been very effective to increase the tuber size and the yield of potato by the temperature rise during seedling stage of potato. Transparent mulching was better than black mulching especially for the emergence of sprout of potato in relation to minimizing cooling injury.