• 아동학회지
• /
• 제4권
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 1983

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between internal locus of control in children and parents' child rearing attitudes which children perceive. For this purpose, 198 fifth grade boys and 163 fifth grade girls were randomly selected and their perception of their parents' child rearing attitudes and their locus of control were measured. Children's locus of control was measured by A Locus of Control Scale For Children of Nowicki & Strickland (1973) which was translated into Korean and item analysis of which was done. Ami Children's perception of their Darents' child rearing attitudes measured by Parent-Child Relationship Inventory which was constructed in Korean Testing Center. For the data analysis, t-test and two-way analysis of variance were applied and Pearson correlation coefficient was computed. The results of the present study were as follows; 1. The correlations between children's perception of their parents' child rearing attitudes and locus of control in children were significant partly. Especially, internal children reported their parents as showing less rejective attitude and less different child rearing attitude between father and mother. 2, Sons were more influenced by their parents' child Learing attitudes than daughters in the development of locus of control 3. Maternal child rearing attitude was more influential than paternal child rearing attitude in the development of locus of control.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.206-220
• /
• 2003

Purpose: this study was intended to search the relationship between perception of the infant temperament in mother of infant at the age of 1～12 months and maternal confidence and satisfaction in performing maternal role, and to submit a basic data to establish a nursing intervention program which is helpful for determination of infant development and performing maternal role promotion by identify variables associated with infant temperament. Method: The subjects of this study were 300 mothers of infant at the age of 1～12 months who visited well baby clinic in 4 hospitals in Busan city and Kyoung-Nam province. Final analysis was performed in 293 cases. Seven cases was excluded in this study because of its inappropriate data collection. The data was collected from 1st July to 15th August 2002. The questionaries which were fill-up by mother were collected. Infant temperament was measured by using the tool of 'what my baby is like'(WBL) which was developed by Priham et. al.(1994) and translated by Bang(1999). The scale of postpartum self evaluation which was developed by Lederman et al(1981) and translated by Lee(1992) was used for the confidence and satisfaction of maternal role. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS-PC for window, version 10.0: frequency, percentage, minimum, maximum, mean, SD, t-test, ANOVA, Post-hoc test(Scheffe's test), Pearson Correlation Coefficients. Result: The mean score of maternal perception of the infant temperament was 6.17±1.04, and mother recognized her infant as positive. The mean score of confidence of maternal role was 2.89± .41 and this revealed in an average level. The mean score of satisfaction of maternal role was 3.29± .51 and this revealed in a higher level. There was a weak significant positive correlation between the score of maternal perception of infant temperament and confidence of maternal role(r=0.176, P= .003), but there was no significant correlation between satisfaction of maternal role(P> .05). It revealed the more maternal perception of the infant temperament as positive, the higher confidence of maternal role. There was a moderate significant positive correlation between confidence of maternal role and satisfaction of maternal role(r=0.410, P= .000). It revealed the more confidence of maternal role, the higher satisfaction of maternal role. The variables related with the score of maternal perception of infant temperament were the type of delivery (t=-2.600, P= .010), experience of learning baby care(t=2.382, P= .018), maternal perception on baby's health status(F=3.467, P= .033), maternal perception on her health status(F=3.467, P= .027), baby's age(F=3.080, P= .028). Conclusion: Our result showed the confidence of maternal role was increased as the maternal perception of infant temperament was positive, and conformed that the confidence of maternal role was also related with satisfaction of maternal role. Prenatal education, type of delivery, baby's age were also related with the maternal perception of infant temperament. So, nursing intervention program of developmental stage maybe necessary in order to help maternal perception of infant temperament as positive, and it will be increased the confidence of maternal role and satisfaction of performing maternal role which was considered as real indicate of achievement of maternal role.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.99-114
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to analyze general trends in family resources, stressors, stress perception, coping styles, and psychological well-being and to investigate the effects of socio-demographic variables and family stress influencing psychological well-being in single mother families. The subjects were the 284 children and their mothers living in Kwangju. The major findings were that: (1) Family resources and stress perceptions were lower than the median. Single mother children's stressors, problem-solving focused coping, life satisfaction, and depression were higher than the median. (2) Children's life satisfaction was influenced by stress perceptions, problem-solving focused coping, and family strength. Children's depression was influenced by stress perceptions, emotion-focused coping, family strength, and problem-solving focused coping.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.413-422
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe the perception of parental role held by university students and to examine difference in perception of parental role according to student characteristics. Method: The participant were 338 university student in Gangreung city. The instrument was developed by researcher and consisted of 4 subcategories ; child rearing environment, parental sensitivity, growth and development of infant, and physical care. Data were collected from May 10 to June 1 in 2004 and were analyzed using SPSS Win 10.0 program. Result: The university students' perception of total parental role had a mean item score of 4.02, with 4.12 for parental sensitivity, 4.00 for child rearing environment, 4.00 for physical care and 3.95 for growth and development. There were significant differences in perception of parental role according to sex(t=-5.55, p=.00), grade(F=13.12, p=.00), type of college(F=28.34, p=.00), father's age(F=5.01, p=.00), father's education(F=5.01, p=.00), mother's education(F=3.33, p=.03) student's marriage plan(t=2.37, p=.01) main caretaker(F=9.53, p=.00) person who lived with student in childhood(F=3.62, p=.01) and student's perception of the need for education for parental role(t=3.74, p=.00). Conclusion: The impact of childhood experience has lifelong significance on subsequent health and development. Especially, the experience of childhood is highly affected by the quality of parental role. It is important to identify university student's perception of parental role as pre-parent preparation for parenting. Therefore, pre-parent education program are necessary.

• 재활복지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.79-101
• /
• 2013

이 연구는 강점관점에서 장애자녀 양육경험에 대한 부모의 긍정적 인식과 임파워먼트의 효과성을 검증하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 대구 경북의 장애자녀를 둔 부모 189명을 대상으로 질문지법을 통해 장애자녀 및 가족의 일반적 특성과 양육부담을 통제하면서 장애자녀 양육경험에 대한 부모의 긍정적 인식이 가족적응에 미치는 영향을 임파워먼트가 매개하는지 분석하였다. 그 결과, 부모들은 장애자녀의 양육경험을 대체로 긍정적으로 평가하고 있는 것으로 조사되었고, 장애자녀 양육경험에 대한 부모의 긍정적 인식과 임파워먼트는 가족적응에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 긍정적 인식이 임파워먼트 보다 가족적응을 더 잘 예측하는 요인으로 밝혀졌다. 임파워먼트는 부모의 긍정적 인식과 가족적응과의 관계에서 부분매개 효과를 가지는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이 연구결과를 바탕으로 장애아동 가족에 대한 이론적, 실천적 함의를 제시하고 연구한계와 함께 후속연구를 위한 제언을 하였다.

• 대순사상논총
• /
• 제42집
• /
• pp.45-73
• /
• 2022

서왕모(西王母) 존숭 현상은 고금에 걸쳐 중국은 물론 한국에서도 많은 관심의 대상이 되었던 이른바 '문화적 흐름'의 한 현상을 엿볼 수 있는 대상에 해당한다. 서왕모에 관한 이같은 문화적 흐름을 이해하는 것은 동아시아 여성과 관련된 신화는 물론 여성관의 변모를 엿볼 수 있는 중요한 의미가 있다. 가부장제 사회의 정착과 더불어 여신과 남신의 관계도 점차 차이에서 차별의 관계로 만들어진다. 이에 여성은 의미를 부여하는 주체보다는 의미를 부여받는 대상으로 변화함에 따라 여신의 탈신성화가 일어나게 된다. 본고는 여신의 탈신성화 경향에 나타난 여신의 남신의 보조자 혹은 배우자로 탈바꿈하는 이런 변천 과정에는 음양론 사유가 작동하고 있음을 서왕모 인식 변화에 초점을 맞추어 살펴보았다. 음양론은 중국의 철학은 물론 문화와 역사 및 예술을 이해하는 관건인데, 이런 점은 신화와 여성이란 주제에도 그대로 적용되었다. 서왕모가 반인반수(半人半獸)의 여신으로 규정되다가 여선으로 변모하는 과정에서 특히 주목할 것은 이른바 절대 미인이면서 예술적 재능을 가진 인물로 묘사된다는 점이다. 본고에서는 이같은 절대미인이면서 예술적 재능을 가진 서왕모에 대한 인식에는 음양론 차원에서 이해된 여인상 및 가부장제 사회에서 남성이 바라는 여인상에 대한 바람이 담겨 있다는 점을 밝혔다. 『산해경(山海經)』의 서왕모는 하늘의 재앙과 형벌을 주관하는 반인반수의 공포감을 주는 형상이지만, 한대에는 벽사(闢邪)와 기복(祈福)의 대상으로 신앙화되고, 위진남북조의 지괴소설(志怪小說)에서는 장생불사를 주관하는 여선(女仙)으로 변모하는 과정에 담긴 서왕모에 관한 인식 변화에는 음양론 관점에서 봤을 때 주대 종법제(宗法制)에 의한 가부장제 확립과 더불어 이후 형성된 음양론에서의 양 위주의 사유 및 남성 위주의 시선이 작동하고 있었음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.62-76
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary habits and practices of mothers and their children from 3 to 6 years of age as well as the mother's attitudes about nutrition education. This study focused mainly on two areas: 1) the dietary habits and actual dietary practices of mothers and their children and 2) a mother's perception and need for nutrition education. The results of the regression analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the dietary habits of mothers and their children's (p<0.05). There was statistical significance in total food frequency intake and the food frequency intake between the mothers and children (r=0.829, p<0.01). The results of the regression analysis showed that the mother's dietary attitude (meal regularity, meal tempo) could positively influence their children's dietary attitude (p<0.01). The mothers showed a high interest in nutrition education; 81.6% of mothers tried to apply nutrition information to their actual dietary life, 77.6% of them recognized the need of nutrition education on preschoolers' dietary life and health, and 75.2% of them wanted to participate in nutrition education program(s) for their children. The percent of mothers that wanted to be offered lectures, food practices and hand-outs were 36.9%, 18.4%, 15.5%, respectively. The combined results of this study showed that mothers sincerely recognize the need for nutrition education and they have a high and deep interest in nutrition education.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.531-543
• /
• 1996

This study was done to develop a Maternal Identity Scale for Pregnant Women and to test the validity and reliability of the scale. A convenience sample of 161 pregnant women were asked to complete the MISP questionnaire which consisted of 45 item, this was done from December 20, 1995 to January 15, 1996. The research procedure were as follows. The first step was to identify a conceptual definition of maternal identity using Robin(1984)'s maternal identity and maternal experience during pregnancy. The second step was to operationalize the maternal identity, that is, perception of image possible of selves as mother, maternal role play by imagination, and the experiences of various emotional responses which are embedded in the mother-fetus dyad. The third step was item development which resulted in 45 items as appropriate measurement of maternal identity are except for the perception of image possible of selves as mother. The result findings were as follows : 1) Four factors for MISP (finally 40 items) were extracted through the principal component analysis and varimax rotation, and these contributed 49.3% of the variance in the total score. All 40 items in the scale loaded above .43 on one of 4 factors. 2) Each factor was named : factor 1 was named maternal role imagery and has 10 items, factor 2 was named happiness and has 11 items, factor 3 was named maternal fetal interaction and has 10 items, and the last factor 4 was named negative emotion and has 9 items. 3) Cronbach's -alpha coefficient for internal consistsncy was .92 for the total 40 items and .89, .90, .86, .78 for the four subscales in that order. Recommendations are suggested below : 1) The developed MISP be used to assess maternal readiness in pregnancy. 2) Replication study be done to test validity and relaibility. 3) For the overall measure of Maternal Identity in Pregnancy, scale for the perception of image possible of selves as mother, and cognitive domain be reorganized for the maternal identity in pregnancy. 4) It is necessary to identify variables that influences maternal pregnancy. 5) It Is necessary to identify that maternal identity in pregnancy is a reliable index of motherhood, to do correlation studies on maternal identity and major maternal variables in maternal transition period, to reoperationalize the maternal identity in postpartum, and finally to designate a longitudinal study of the maternal identity changes or stabilities.

• 대한간호
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.60-73
• /
• 1995

We carried out this study for recognizing the staue of child inpatient nursing and providing child inpatient with better qualified nursing. We study this research from March 29, 93 to April 23, 93 to April 23, '93. First admission day in hospital, we ask 50 mothers of hospitalized child inpatient about the value of nursing and self-consciousness of mothers, also ask 10 nurse in charge about the satisfaction of tending child inpatient Two times-third admission day in hospital and leaving day, we inquired mothers the value of nursing of mothers by inquiry papers, each measurement was made up of five indexes. The result of research was as follow: 1. The subjects of research had following peculiarities. Average age : 2.5 years 0~ 1 years : 32.0% Baby girl : 56.0% first baby : 58.0% Experienced inpatient : 52.0% The number of hospitalization times was 1~2 times : 61. 5% The average period of hospitalization : 7 days Infected inpatient with respiratory organ disease : 40.0% The mother's average age of child inpatient : 30.5 years Mother's who finished high school : 90.9% Family that income about 600,000-700,000 won : 32.0% Mothers who belived an religion : 50.0% 2. As hospitalization time goes by, mothers gradually failed to recognize the value of nursing. 3. Self-estimated tending satisfactions have no connection with the value of nursing that mothers recognized. 4. The value of nursing was effected by mothers own personnality-salf-consciousness care, experience of hospitalization, academic background & religoin. So, we find out that the value of nursing had no connection with satisfaction of tending. Nurses must make every effort to provide child inpatient with nursing of good quality, that mothers confirm and nurses satisfy themselves. Also, we have to emphasize the importance of home and school education, because these education have a great influence upon mother s self-consciousness.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2005

This study surveyed the perception and demand for the child care policy and child care service of working mothers with children under age 6. The subjects were 266 working mothers in Seoul and Kyoung-Gi Province. Data were collected with the questionnaire method and analyzed by spss-win program, including median, mode, mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The result of this study can be summarized as follows. (1) The working mothers considered both parents have the responsibility on child care and strongly demanded the national support on child care. (2) The working mothers prefered own mother and relatives to child care center as a carer of infants and toddlers, but prefered child care center for children age 3-5. (3) The working mothers demanded the increase of finantial support for family and child care center. (4) The working mothers focused on 'the security and care Program' and focused next on 'diet and health care program' in child care service. (5) The working mothers did not nearly know about the accreditation system of child care centers. This results suggest that the national and social support for child care service is an essential part in promoting children's and the working mothers' welfare.